本文選題：自我控制 + 資源有限性��； 參考：《閩南師范大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：有限自控力理論認為個體執(zhí)行自我控制會消耗數(shù)量有限的自我控制資源，這種資源持續(xù)使用會暫時下降并造成后續(xù)自控能力的不足，這被稱為自我損耗效應(yīng)。沖動行為、人際交互、決策和判斷、情緒和認知等領(lǐng)域的大量研究都證明了自我損耗效應(yīng)。自控資源的有限性可以很好地解釋自控行為的失敗，但最近研究表明人格、情緒、動機以及自我控制訓(xùn)練等都會影響狀態(tài)或特質(zhì)自我控制能量。動機是自我控制的基本成分之一，，自主動機對自我損耗效應(yīng)起著重要的調(diào)節(jié)作用。有研究者提出自控資源存在個體差異，這在現(xiàn)實情境和前人的研究中都得到了部分證實，但目前研究成果并不一致。因此本研究就自我控制的資源模型進行更深入的研究，主要探討自控資源是否存在個體差異，以及這種個體差異性的影響因素。 研究采用雙任務(wù)研究范式，研究一通過Stroop引發(fā)高低兩種自我損耗情境，比較了不同自控水平的被試在瑞文圖形推理任務(wù)上的堅持時間差異。研究二以特質(zhì)自控得分作為自控資源的間接指標，考察了心理彈性、問題解決能力、體質(zhì)及自我效能感對自控資源的影響。研究三通過引發(fā)自主和受控兩種情境，考察了不同自控水平的個體在自主和受控情境下的自我損耗效應(yīng)。 研究結(jié)果表明：（1）自我損耗狀態(tài)下，高自控比低自控的被試在圖形推理上堅持了更長的時間，高自控的個體在推理任務(wù)中的自主動機更高；（2）完成自我損耗任務(wù)時，不同自控水平的被試在SDNN、RMSSD和PNN50上也存在顯著差異；（3）回避風格、力量、沖動疏忽解決問題傾向和正性解決問題定向這四個維度可以解釋自控力35%的變異，其中回避風格的貢獻率最大；（4）平和質(zhì)比偏頗質(zhì)的被試擁有更多的自控資源；（5）無論是高自控者還是低自控的被試，激發(fā)他們的自主動機都可以有效地減輕自我損耗效應(yīng)，但在受控情境中，高、低自控者都出現(xiàn)了自我損耗效應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:According to the theory of limited self-control, individual self-control will consume a limited number of self-control resources, which will temporarily decrease and lead to the deficiency of subsequent self-control ability, which is called self-depletion effect. A great deal of research in the fields of impulsive behavior, interpersonal interaction, decision making and judgment, emotion and cognition has proved the effect of self-depletion. The limitation of self-control resources can well explain the failure of self-control behavior, but recent studies have shown that personality, emotion, motivation and self-control training can all influence the self-control energy of state or trait. Motivation is one of the basic components of self-control. Autonomous motivation plays an important role in regulating self-loss. Some researchers have proposed that there are individual differences in self-control resources, which has been partly confirmed in the actual situation and previous studies, but the current research results are not consistent. Therefore, this study makes a more in-depth study on the self-control resource model, mainly discusses whether there are individual differences in self-controlled resources and the influencing factors of such individual differences. In this study, a two-tasking paradigm was used to study two kinds of self-loss situations induced by Stroop, and to compare the persistence time differences of subjects with different levels of self-control in the task of Raven graphical reasoning. In the second study, trait self-control score was taken as the indirect index of self-control resources, and the effects of psychological flexibility, problem-solving ability, physique and self-efficacy on self-control resources were investigated. The third study examined the self-loss effects of individuals with different levels of self-control in autonomous and controlled situations by inducing autonomy and control. The results showed that: (1) under the condition of self-loss, the subjects with high self-control had a longer time of graphical reasoning than those with low self-control, and individuals with high self-control had higher autonomous motivation in reasoning tasks; (2) when completing self-loss tasks, There were also significant differences in SDNNs RMSSD and PNN50 among subjects with different levels of self-control. (3) the four dimensions of avoidance style, strength, impulsive and negligent problem-solving tendency and positive problem-solving orientation could explain the 35% variation of self-control. Among them, avoidance style contributed the most; (4) mild quality subjects had more self-control resources than biased subjects; (5) whether high or low self-control subjects, stimulating their autonomous motivation can effectively reduce the self-loss effect. But in the controlled situation, high and low self-control all appeared self-depletion effect.
【學位授予單位】：閩南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B848

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