本文選題：雙語者 + 空間詞匯�。� 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：以往研究采用跨語言語義啟動、詞匯聯(lián)想和對等翻譯等范式驗證了雙語者兩種語言與概念表征的聯(lián)結(jié)的非對稱性特點。近來，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)雙語者詞匯與共享語義表征聯(lián)結(jié)的非對稱現(xiàn)象也存在于空間詞匯加工過程中。已有研究采用空間詞不對稱判斷與Simon判斷混合范式，在語言熟練度方面開展了非平衡雙語者和二語為優(yōu)勢語的雙語者的研究，并未采用此范式考察平衡雙語者（兩語言熟練水平相當、都達到了與年齡相適應(yīng)水平的雙語者）兩種語言與語義表征的聯(lián)結(jié)特點。因此，本研究以平衡雙語者為研究對象，采取空間詞不對稱判斷與Simon判斷混合范式，從行為層面考察平衡雙語者一語和二語空間詞匯與共享語義表征的聯(lián)結(jié)特點，同時選用兼具平衡和非平衡特點的蒙-漢-英三語者、漢語為常用語的蒙漢雙語者為研究對象，在保證被試其他額外因素同質(zhì)的基礎(chǔ)上，探討語言熟練程度和使用經(jīng)驗有差異時，一語和二語空間詞匯與共享語義表征的聯(lián)結(jié)強度是否存在差異。并利用高精度的事件相關(guān)電位技術(shù)考察了語言熟練度對語義表征連接強度影響的大腦皮層活動的變化。 實驗一以平衡蒙漢雙語者為研究對象，以漢語單語組為對照，考察平衡熟練雙語者一語和二語的空間詞匯與共享語義表征的聯(lián)結(jié)特點。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，單語組漢語和蒙語條件下Simon效應(yīng)差異顯著，雙語組漢語和蒙語條件下Simon效應(yīng)無顯著差異，即雙語組漢語和蒙語對Simon效應(yīng)造成的影響無差異。 實驗二選取蒙-漢-英三語者為研究對象，蒙語和漢語平衡熟練，英語不熟練，借助被試同時具備熟練語言和非熟練語言的特點考察語言熟練程度是否對雙語者的語義表征產(chǎn)生影響。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，漢語和蒙語條件下Simon效應(yīng)差異不顯著，即漢語和蒙語對Simon效應(yīng)的影響無差異；蒙語和英語條件下Simon效應(yīng)差異顯著,蒙語對Simon效應(yīng)的影響大于英語；漢語和英語條件下Simon效應(yīng)差異顯著，漢語對Simon效應(yīng)的影響大于英語。 實驗三以蒙-漢雙語者為被試，其中二語漢語為常用語言，且二語的熟練程度高于一語，考察當二語為常用語言且熟練程度更高時，之前以一語與共享表征為強聯(lián)結(jié)的語義表征模式是否會轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槎Z與共享表征的聯(lián)結(jié)更強。實驗三結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，，漢語和蒙語條件下的Simon效應(yīng)差異顯著，漢語詞匯判斷對Simon效應(yīng)的影響大于蒙語。 實驗四采用事件相關(guān)電位（ERP）技術(shù)，以蒙-漢-英非熟練三語者為被試，從大腦活動的層面考察不同語言熟練程度對語義表征的影響。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，空間詞匯不對稱判斷任務(wù)在顳枕區(qū)誘發(fā)了N170，且N170的平均波幅在右側(cè)腦區(qū)大于左側(cè)腦區(qū)；Simon任務(wù)在額區(qū)和中央?yún)^(qū)誘發(fā)了P200，蒙語條件下不一致時的P200平均波幅大于一致時，漢語和英語條件下一致與不一致時的平均波幅無區(qū)別；Simon任務(wù)在頂區(qū)和頂枕區(qū)誘發(fā)了P300，蒙語和漢語條件下一致與不一致時的平均波幅無區(qū)別，英語條件下不一致時頂區(qū)P300的平均波幅小于一致時。 本研究得出以下結(jié)論： （1）平衡蒙漢雙語者詞匯空間信息與物理位置空間信息存在共享語義表征。 （2）語言熟練程度影響雙語者空間詞匯與共享語義表征的聯(lián)結(jié)強度，平衡熟練的語言與共享表征的聯(lián)結(jié)強度強于非熟練語言。。 （3）語言經(jīng)驗影響雙語者空間詞匯與共享語義表征的聯(lián)結(jié)強度，二語轉(zhuǎn)為主導(dǎo)語言時，已形成的一語詞匯與共享表征聯(lián)結(jié)更強的模式轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槎Z與共享表征聯(lián)結(jié)更強的新模式。 （4）語言熟練度對共享表征的影響在腦皮層活動方面表現(xiàn)為N170和P300的差異性變化。 本研究采用空間詞不對稱判斷與Simon判斷混合范式，從行為和腦兩個層次再次驗證，語言熟練程度影響雙語者兩種語言詞匯與共享語義表征的聯(lián)結(jié)強度，支持了Kroll和Stewart（1994）的修正層級模型。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the characteristics of the linkage between the two languages and the concept representation of the bilingual people by using cross - language semantic initiation , lexical association and peer - to - peer translation .

The results showed that the Simon effect between Chinese and Mongolian in the bilingual group had no significant difference , that is , there was no difference in the effects of Chinese and Mongolian in the bilingual group .

The results show that there is no significant difference in Simon ' s effect in Chinese and Mongolian conditions , that is , the effect of Chinese and Mongolian on Simon effect is not different ;
The difference of Simon effect in Mongolian and English is significant , and the effect of Mongolian on Simon effect is more than English ;
The difference of Simon effect in Chinese and English is significant , and the effect of Chinese on Simon effect is more than English .

The results show that the Simon effect in Chinese and Mongolian conditions is significant , and the influence of Chinese vocabulary judgment on Simon effect is more than Mongolian .

The effect of different language proficiency on semantic representation was investigated from the perspective of brain activity . The results showed that the spatial lexical asymmetry assessment task induced N170 in the temporal occipital region , and the average amplitude of N170 was greater in the right brain region than in the left brain region .
Simon ' s task evoked P200 in the frontal and central areas , and the average amplitude of P200 was greater than that in the same time when the Mongolian conditions were inconsistent .
The results of Simon ' s task in the top region and the top pillow region evoked the difference between the mean amplitude and the mean wave amplitude when the agreement and inconsistency between Chinese and Mongolian and Chinese conditions were consistent and inconsistent .

The following conclusions are drawn from this study :

( 1 ) There is a shared semantic representation of the spatial information and the spatial information of the physical location of the bilingual person in the balanced Mongolian and Chinese .

( 2 ) The language proficiency affects the coupling strength between the bilingual person ' s spatial vocabulary and the shared semantic representation , and the connection strength of the balanced skilled language and the shared representation is stronger than that of the non - skilled language .

( 3 ) The language experience affects the connection strength between the bilingual spatial vocabulary and the shared semantic representation , and when the second language is converted to the dominant language , the pattern that has been formed is changed into a new model which is stronger than the shared representation coupling .

( 4 ) The influence of language proficiency on the shared representation was the difference between N170 and P 300 in cerebral cortex activity .

This study uses spatial word asymmetry judgement and Simon ' s decision to judge mixed paradigm . From the two levels of behavior and brain , it is verified that the language proficiency affects the coupling strength between the two language words and the shared semantic representation of the bilingual person , which supports the revised hierarchical model of Kroll and Stewart ( 1994 ) .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842.5

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