本文選題：社會階層 + 自尊　； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：物質(zhì)主義是一種強調(diào)擁有物質(zhì)財富重要性的個人價值觀。隨著市場經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,中國人沉溺于物質(zhì)享受和追求品牌表現(xiàn)自我,這已成為一種普遍的現(xiàn)象,并且在青年群體中更為凸顯。已有研究發(fā)現(xiàn),物質(zhì)主義對國家發(fā)展與個體成長產(chǎn)生負面影響。因而了解影響物質(zhì)主義的因素,控制個體的物質(zhì)主義水平,引導(dǎo)個體樹立正確的價值觀,形成理性的消費行為十分必要。家庭在個體社會化進程中大大影響個體物質(zhì)主義價值觀的形成。家庭社會階層作為一個重要的因素,對個體的生理與心理發(fā)展產(chǎn)生較大的影響。近些年,我國階層分化日益加劇,階層固化嚴重。那么,探究青少年所處的家庭社會階層對其物質(zhì)主義的影響及其心理機制十分必要�；诖�,本文通過相關(guān)和實驗研究來考察社會階層與物質(zhì)主義的關(guān)系,以及自尊對社會階層與物質(zhì)主義關(guān)系之間所起的中介作用,最后探討物質(zhì)主義對低社會階層自尊的補償作用。研究一采用問卷調(diào)查法,以405名大學(xué)生為被試,探究家庭社會階層與物質(zhì)主義的相關(guān)關(guān)系,及自尊的中介作用。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),低階層大學(xué)生比高階層大學(xué)生有更高的物質(zhì)主義傾向,并且自尊在社會階層與物質(zhì)主義傾向之間的中介效應(yīng)顯著。研究二中,采用實驗法進一步探究主觀階層與物質(zhì)主義之間的因果關(guān)系,及自尊在主觀社會階層影響物質(zhì)主義傾向過程中起到的中介作用。隨機將70名被試分為兩個組,采用想象任務(wù)讓一組被試感知較高的社會階層地位,而讓另一組被試感知較低的社會階層地位。結(jié)果表明,低階層的大學(xué)生被試對物質(zhì)財富表現(xiàn)更積極的態(tài)度,且自尊在主觀社會階層和物質(zhì)主義傾向之間的中介效應(yīng)顯著。個體的主觀家庭社會階層越低,自尊水平越低,物質(zhì)主義傾向也就越高。研究三在前兩個研究的基礎(chǔ)上,進一步采用實驗法反面探究物質(zhì)主義對低社會階層者自尊的補償作用。本研究的被試為66名低主觀階層大學(xué)生。其中實驗組33名,采用想象范式啟動物質(zhì)主義;控制組33名,不進行啟動。研究結(jié)果表明,經(jīng)過物質(zhì)主義啟動組的低階層被試自尊水平顯著高于控制組。本文用三個小研究從社會階層的視角來探究大學(xué)生的物質(zhì)主義,為引導(dǎo)和培養(yǎng)大學(xué)生健康正確的價值觀提供借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Materialism is a personal value that emphasizes the importance of having material wealth. With the rapid development of market economy, Chinese people indulge in material enjoyment and the pursuit of brand self-expression, which has become a common phenomenon, and more prominent in the youth group. Research has found that materialism has a negative impact on national development and individual growth. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the factors that affect materialism, control the level of materialism, guide individuals to set up correct values and form rational consumption behavior. Family greatly affects the formation of individual materialistic values in the process of individual socialization. As an important factor, family social stratum has a great influence on the development of individual physiology and psychology. In recent years, the stratum differentiation in our country is becoming more and more serious, and the stratum solidification is serious. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the influence of the family and social stratum on the materialism and its psychological mechanism. Based on this, this paper examines the relationship between social stratum and materialism and the intermediary effect of self-esteem on the relationship between social stratum and materialism through relevant and experimental studies. Finally, it discusses the compensatory effect of materialism on low social class self-esteem. In the first study, 405 college students were investigated by questionnaire to explore the relationship between family social stratum and materialism, and the mediating role of self-esteem. The results show that the lower class college students have higher materialistic tendency than the high class college students, and the mediating effect of self-esteem between the social stratum and the materialistic tendency is significant. In the second study, we further explore the causal relationship between subjective stratum and materialism and the intermediary role of self-esteem in the process of subjective social stratum's influence on materialistic tendency. 70 subjects were randomly divided into two groups. One group perceived higher social class status while the other group perceived lower social class status. The results show that the lower class college students have a more positive attitude towards material wealth, and the mediating effect of self-esteem between subjective social stratum and materialistic tendency is significant. The lower the subjective family and social stratum, the lower the self-esteem and the higher the materialistic tendency. On the basis of the first two studies, the third study further explores the compensatory effect of materialism on low social class people's self-esteem by means of experimental method. The subjects in this study were 66 low-level college students. Among them, 33 cases in the experimental group, using imagination paradigm to start materialism, 33 cases in the control group, no priming. The results showed that the self-esteem level of low-class subjects was significantly higher than that of control group. This paper uses three small studies to explore the materialism of college students from the perspective of social stratum, which provides reference for guiding and cultivating the healthy and correct values of college students.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B844.2

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