本文選題：情感風(fēng)格 + 積極情感�。� 參考：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：情感風(fēng)格是人格結(jié)構(gòu)中穩(wěn)定的情緒反應(yīng)模式,它表現(xiàn)為不同個(gè)體在情緒反應(yīng)和情緒調(diào)節(jié)整體模式上穩(wěn)定、一貫的差異,深刻地影響著個(gè)體的認(rèn)知、人格及心理社會(huì)適應(yīng)。特質(zhì)情感包括積極情感和消極情感,屬于情感風(fēng)格中的情感因素。高積極情感個(gè)體頻繁地體驗(yàn)到積極情緒,具有較高水平的身心健康水平和更多良好的社會(huì)適應(yīng)行為。 情緒廣泛地影響著個(gè)體認(rèn)知加工和外在行為,優(yōu)先注意負(fù)性、威脅性刺激對(duì)于個(gè)體的生存和適應(yīng)具有重要意義,而異常的注意模式卻成為導(dǎo)致心理疾病及情緒障礙產(chǎn)生、維持和復(fù)發(fā)的原因。注意偏向成為衡量個(gè)體心理健康水平的重要指標(biāo)。以往的文獻(xiàn)主要探究臨床、亞臨床群體對(duì)于負(fù)性刺激的注意偏向,而對(duì)正常個(gè)體尤其是高積極情感個(gè)體在注意上如何區(qū)別于臨床、亞臨床個(gè)體,如何維持積極情緒、保持身心健康等考察較少。特質(zhì)一致性假設(shè)得到高樂觀和高外傾個(gè)體的注意偏向研究的驗(yàn)證,即個(gè)體處理信息的方式受自身人格特質(zhì)的情感效價(jià)影響,個(gè)體傾向于用與自己特質(zhì)相一致的方式處理信息。因此,本研究旨在探討不同特質(zhì)情感對(duì)注意偏向的影響,尤其是高積極情感個(gè)體對(duì)不同效價(jià)情緒刺激的注意偏向的特點(diǎn)及其產(chǎn)生機(jī)制,藉此為信息加工的心理傾向性提供證據(jù)。 本研究使用正性情感和負(fù)性情感檢核表篩選出高積極情感個(gè)體、高消極情感個(gè)體和一般個(gè)體三類被試,以漢語情緒詞和國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)情緒圖片為實(shí)驗(yàn)材料,在傳統(tǒng)點(diǎn)探測范式的基礎(chǔ)上加入中性刺激對(duì),以此來探討不同特質(zhì)情感個(gè)體的注意偏向的特點(diǎn)及其產(chǎn)生機(jī)制,并在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)特質(zhì)一致性假設(shè)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。實(shí)驗(yàn)一考察在情緒詞匯條件下,高積極情感組(26人)、一般組(25人)和高消極情感組(25人)被試在注意偏向上的差異。實(shí)驗(yàn)二使用更直觀、更具生態(tài)效度、情緒強(qiáng)度更大的情緒圖片,考察高積極情感組(24人)、一般組(27人)和高消極情感組(25人)被試對(duì)不同情緒效價(jià)圖片的注意偏向。 研究結(jié)果：1)不同特質(zhì)情感類型的正常被試對(duì)情緒詞沒有表現(xiàn)出注意偏向,而對(duì)不同效價(jià)的情緒圖片存在不同情況的注意偏向；2)高消極情感個(gè)體存在對(duì)正、負(fù)性情緒圖片的注意回避；3)一般個(gè)體不存在對(duì)情緒詞和情緒圖片的注意偏向；4)高積極情感個(gè)體存在對(duì)正性圖片的注意解除延緩,注意回避負(fù)性圖片。 綜上所述,本研究表明不同情感風(fēng)格個(gè)體對(duì)不同效價(jià)情緒刺激的認(rèn)知加工在空間注意上呈現(xiàn)不同的特點(diǎn),對(duì)情緒刺激的注意偏向部分證實(shí)了特質(zhì)一致性假設(shè),對(duì)正性刺激的注意解除延緩可能是高積極情感個(gè)體擁有更多的積極情緒體驗(yàn)、更高的心理健康水平和社會(huì)適應(yīng)良好的保障機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:Affective style is a stable emotional response mode in personality structure. It shows that different individuals are stable and consistent in the overall mode of emotional response and emotion regulation, which has a profound impact on individual cognition, personality and psycho-social adaptation. Idiosyncratic emotion includes positive emotion and negative emotion, which is an emotional factor in emotional style. The individuals with high positive emotion experience positive emotion frequently and have higher level of physical and mental health and more good social adaptation behavior. Emotion widely affects individual cognitive processing and external behavior, giving priority to negativity. Threatening stimulation is of great significance for individual survival and adaptation, while abnormal attention patterns lead to mental illness and emotional disorders. Causes of maintenance and recurrence. Attention bias is an important index to measure the level of individual mental health. Previous literature has mainly explored the clinical, subclinical groups' attention bias to negative stimuli, and how to distinguish the attention of normal individuals, especially those with high positive emotions, from the clinical, subclinical individuals, and how to maintain positive emotions. There are few investigations to maintain physical and mental health. The hypothesis of trait consistency is verified by the study of attention bias of highly optimistic and extroverted individuals, that is, the way individuals process information is influenced by their own emotional potency of personality traits, and individuals tend to process information in a manner consistent with their own characteristics. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the effects of different trait emotions on attention bias, especially the characteristics and mechanism of attention bias of individuals with high positive emotion to different titer emotional stimuli, so as to provide evidence for the psychological tendency of information processing. In this study, positive and negative emotion checklists were used to screen out high positive emotion individuals, high negative emotion individuals and general individuals. Chinese emotion words and international standard emotion pictures were used as experimental materials. On the basis of the traditional point detection paradigm, neutral stimulus pairs are added to explore the characteristics and mechanism of attention bias of individuals with different trait emotions, and on this basis to verify the hypothesis of trait consistency. The first experiment examined the differences in attention bias between the high positive emotion group (26 persons) and the high negative emotion group (25 subjects) under the condition of emotional vocabulary (n = 26) and the high negative emotion group (n = 25). In the second experiment, we used more intuitive, more ecological validity and stronger emotional intensity pictures, and investigated the attention bias of the high positive emotion group (24 people), the general group (27 people) and the high negative emotion group (25 people) to the different emotion titer pictures. Results: (1) normal subjects with different trait affective types did not show attention bias to emotional words, while those with different titers showed different attention bias. 2) individuals with high negative emotion had positive effects. Attention avoidance of negative emotional Pictures (3) there is no bias of attention to emotion words and emotional pictures in general) the attention of individuals with high positive emotions is delayed and negative pictures are avoided. To sum up, the present study shows that the cognitive processing of emotion stimulation with different emotional styles shows different characteristics in spatial attention, and the attention bias to emotional stimulation partly confirms the hypothesis of trait consistency. It may be that the individual with high positive emotion has more positive emotional experience, higher level of mental health and better social adaptation mechanism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B844.2

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