本文選題：選擇盲 + 他人在場(chǎng)��； 參考：《四川師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：選擇盲現(xiàn)象在各種領(lǐng)域得到驗(yàn)證,事實(shí)上,我們?cè)谶M(jìn)行決策時(shí)并不是獨(dú)自一人的,因此他人在場(chǎng)這個(gè)因素對(duì)選擇盲這一決策類型也有影響。他人在場(chǎng)的研究集中于任務(wù)的難度和他人的特征變量對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)決策、助人行為等的影響。因此,本研究試通過操縱決策任務(wù)的難度(高相似,低相似)以及他人的特征變量(性別,心理距離,旁觀人數(shù))等來探究他人在場(chǎng)對(duì)選擇盲的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)一通過2×3的被試間設(shè)計(jì)來考察他人在場(chǎng)形式的不同對(duì)選擇盲產(chǎn)生的影響。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):他人在場(chǎng)時(shí)出現(xiàn)社會(huì)助長(zhǎng),即他人在場(chǎng)條件下的檢測(cè)率高于獨(dú)自一人條件下的檢測(cè)率,但是共作條件下的檢測(cè)率皆高于前面兩種條件;復(fù)雜任務(wù)的總檢測(cè)率顯著低于簡(jiǎn)單任務(wù)的總檢測(cè)率,即低相似條件下的檢測(cè)率顯著高于高相似度條件;共作條件下的一致率顯著高于旁觀者和獨(dú)自一人一人條件。實(shí)驗(yàn)二通過2×3的被試間設(shè)計(jì)來考察他人數(shù)量能否對(duì)決策選擇盲產(chǎn)生影響。在場(chǎng)他人數(shù)量對(duì)選擇盲檢測(cè)有影響,即有3個(gè)人在場(chǎng)時(shí)的檢測(cè)率最高,而1個(gè)人在場(chǎng)的檢測(cè)率最低。同樣地,在他人數(shù)量對(duì)前后選擇一致率的影響上也出現(xiàn)了類似現(xiàn)象。一致率的結(jié)果表明他人在場(chǎng)人數(shù)的數(shù)量會(huì)影響到偏好反轉(zhuǎn),隨著人數(shù)的增多,越容易出現(xiàn)偏好反轉(zhuǎn),且當(dāng)只有1個(gè)旁觀者在場(chǎng)時(shí),更容易出現(xiàn)偏好反轉(zhuǎn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)三通過2×2×2的被試間設(shè)計(jì),并輔以對(duì)他人與被試心理距離的測(cè)量來考察他人性別和心理距離對(duì)決策選擇盲產(chǎn)生的影響。當(dāng)在場(chǎng)他人為女性時(shí),男性的檢測(cè)率在簡(jiǎn)單任務(wù)和復(fù)雜任務(wù)均出現(xiàn)了性別助長(zhǎng),而女性則沒有出現(xiàn);男性和女性的一致率由于同性在場(chǎng)產(chǎn)生了社會(huì)助長(zhǎng)。在完成復(fù)雜任務(wù)時(shí),有異性在場(chǎng)時(shí),女性被試的一致率出現(xiàn)了性別助長(zhǎng);在完成簡(jiǎn)單任務(wù)時(shí),有同性在場(chǎng)男性被試和女性的一致率均出現(xiàn)了社會(huì)助長(zhǎng)�？傊�,研究結(jié)果基本驗(yàn)證了研究假設(shè),他人在場(chǎng)對(duì)選擇盲產(chǎn)生積極影響,即他人在場(chǎng)可以減少?zèng)Q策失誤。
[Abstract]:The phenomenon of selective blindness has been verified in various fields. In fact, we do not make decisions alone, so the presence of others also has an impact on the choice of blind decision type. The study of the presence of others focuses on the impact of task difficulty and the characteristic variables of others on risk decision-making, helping behavior and so on. Therefore, this study attempts to explore the influence of the presence of others on selection blindness through the difficulty of manipulating decision-making tasks (high similarity, low similarity) and the characteristic variables of others (gender, psychological distance, number of spectators). In experiment 1, the effects of different forms of presence on blind selection were investigated by a 2 脳 3 design. The results show that the social contribution occurs when others are present, that is, the detection rate under the condition of others' presence is higher than that under the condition of one person alone, but the detection rate under the condition of co-cropping is higher than that of the former two conditions. The total detection rate of complex task is significantly lower than that of simple task, that is, the detection rate of low similarity condition is significantly higher than that of high similarity condition, and the consistency rate under co-cropping condition is significantly higher than that of bystander and single person condition. Experiment 2 was designed to investigate whether the number of others had an effect on the blind decision making. The number of people present has an effect on the selection of blind test, that is, the detection rate is the highest when there are 3 persons present, while the detection rate is the lowest when one person is present. Similarly, a similar phenomenon occurs in the effect of the number of others on the consistent rate of choice. The results of consistency rate show that the number of people present will affect the preference reversal, and the more the number of people present, the more prone to the preference reversal, and when only one bystander is present, the preference reversal is more likely. In experiment 3, the influence of gender and psychological distance on blind decision making was investigated by the design of 2 脳 2 脳 2 脳 2 subjects and the measurement of psychological distance between others and subjects. When others are women, men's detection rates are sex-fuelled in simple and complex tasks, but not in women; the same rate of men and women is socially encouraged by the presence of the same sex. When accomplishing complex tasks, the female subjects' consistency rate was enhanced by sex when heterosexual was present, while the male participants' consistency rate with the same sex's presence and the female's consistency rate both appeared social support when the simple task was completed. In a word, the research results basically verify the hypothesis that the presence of others has a positive effect on selection blindness, that is, the presence of others can reduce decision-making errors.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B842

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本文編號(hào)：2025738