本文選題：心理治療 + 心理咨詢　； 參考：《中國全科醫(yī)學(xué)》2017年01期

【摘要】：目的探索心理治療和咨詢過程中對(duì)來訪者可能造成傷害的因素。方法 2013年3月—2014年12月某高校心理咨詢中心來訪的學(xué)生中,有提前終止咨詢的來訪者46例和未提前終止咨詢的來訪者169例。課題組成員通過電話、郵件等方式聯(lián)系提前終止咨詢的來訪者,提出訪談的請(qǐng)求,共有27例接受了該請(qǐng)求并同意參加本研究作為脫落組;在未提前終止咨詢的來訪者中,采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法選取30例作為對(duì)照組。兩組均填寫《咨詢療效評(píng)估表》,以評(píng)估在咨詢中獲得的幫助程度;并對(duì)脫落組進(jìn)行深入的質(zhì)性訪談,了解可能導(dǎo)致心理咨詢提前終止的原因。結(jié)果脫落組咨詢療效評(píng)估表?xiàng)l目1、2、4、6、8、10得分及總分均低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);兩組咨詢療效評(píng)估表?xiàng)l目3、5、7、9得分間差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。訪談結(jié)果顯示,導(dǎo)致提前結(jié)束咨詢的常見原因可以分為兩大類:與咨詢師相關(guān)、損害咨訪聯(lián)盟的因素,以及來訪者個(gè)人方面的因素。其中,在與咨詢師相關(guān)、損害咨訪聯(lián)盟的因素中,來訪者提到次數(shù)最多的因素為:咨詢師和來訪者的不匹配(9次)、難以信任咨詢師會(huì)真的給自己帶來幫助(6次)、知覺到咨詢師的過高期望帶來的壓力(5次)、咨詢師不能為來訪者有效保守秘密(5次)。結(jié)論心理治療和咨詢中存在咨詢師和來訪者的不匹配、難以信任咨詢師會(huì)真的給自己帶來幫助、知覺到咨詢師的過高期望帶來的壓力等傷害性因素,準(zhǔn)確識(shí)別傷害性因素是心理治療/咨詢師是否勝任的重要指標(biāo),培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目需要訓(xùn)練心理治療/咨詢師學(xué)會(huì)識(shí)別、描述和防止傷害性因素的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the possible injury factors during psychotherapy and counseling. Methods from March 2013 to December 2014, there were 46 early termination of counseling and 169 unterminated counseling in a college psychological counseling center. The members of the research group contacted the visitors who had terminated the consultation in advance by telephone, mail and other means, and made requests for interviews. A total of 27 cases accepted the request and agreed to participate in the study as the shedding group; among the visitors who did not terminate the consultation in advance, 30 cases were selected as control group by random digital table method. In order to evaluate the degree of help obtained in counseling, the two groups filled in the form of evaluation of the efficacy of counseling, and conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with the shedding group to understand the reasons that might lead to the early termination of psychological counseling. Results the scores and the total scores of the items in the evaluation table of counseling efficacy in the exfoliated group were lower than those in the control group (P 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the scores of 3 / 5 / 7 / 9 in the form of consultation and evaluation of the therapeutic effect of the two groups (P < 0. 05). The results show that the common reasons leading to the early termination of counseling can be divided into two categories: the relationship between consultants, the factors that damage the consultation alliance, and the personal factors of the visitors. Among them, among the factors related to consultants and damaging the advisory alliance, The factors most frequently mentioned by the visitors are: the mismatch between the consultant and the visitor is 9 times, it is difficult to trust that the consultant will really bring help to himself 6 times, the pressure caused by the high expectations of the consultant is perceived 5 times, and the consultant is not able to trust the consultant. You can't keep a secret for a visitor five times. Conclusion there is a mismatch between counselors and visitors in psychotherapy and counseling. It is difficult to believe that counselors can really help themselves, and they are aware of the harmful factors, such as the pressure brought by the high expectations of counsellors, etc. Accurate identification of harmful factors is an important indicator of the competence of psychotherapy / counselors. Training programs need to train psychotherapy / counselors to identify, describe and prevent the occurrence of harmful factors.
【作者單位】： 南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院心理學(xué)系;
【基金】：2014年度廣東省醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)技術(shù)研究基金項(xiàng)目(A2014395) 2014年度廣東省哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)“十二五”規(guī)劃課題(GD14CXL02)
【分類號(hào)】：B849

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本文編號(hào)：1986519