本文選題：心理距離 + 機會識別��； 參考：《蘇州大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：創(chuàng)業(yè)對社會繁榮和國家的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展而言意義非凡。創(chuàng)業(yè)不僅能促進經(jīng)濟增長、增強國家創(chuàng)新能力，還能加快經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整,更能縮小地區(qū)間的貧富差距,解決就業(yè)實際問題。機會的識別、評估和開發(fā)三部分是成功創(chuàng)業(yè)的三部曲，其中需要解決的首要問題就是創(chuàng)業(yè)機會的識別。有關(guān)影響因素的討論是該領(lǐng)域不可忽視的問題，本研究以解釋水平理論為基礎(chǔ)，采用情境實驗的方法研究探討了心理距離對創(chuàng)業(yè)機會識別的影響機制。研究共分為三部分，采用3（心理距離的三個維度）×2（心理距離遠、近）的被試間設(shè)計，共設(shè)計了六種創(chuàng)業(yè)情境。 研究一通過預(yù)實驗與正式實驗探討了心理距離的三個維度——時間距離、空間距離以及社會距離對創(chuàng)業(yè)機會識別的影響。研究以有工作經(jīng)驗的被試為樣本，共收集有效數(shù)據(jù)164份，采用方差分析的方法進行數(shù)據(jù)分析。分析結(jié)果顯示在時間距離、空間距離和社會距離較遠的情況下，被試對創(chuàng)業(yè)機會的識別程度均高于距離近的情境。 研究二使用相同的實驗材料，以225名江蘇和上海地區(qū)有創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)驗以及有創(chuàng)業(yè)資本的被試為樣本，再次驗證了研究一的結(jié)論，，并進一步探究了心理距離對機會識別的影響機制，即風(fēng)險知覺的中介作用�；貧w分析數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果表明，在時間距離維度，風(fēng)險知覺部分中介了時間距離對機會識別的影響；在空間距離和社會距離維度，風(fēng)險知覺起到了完全中介的作用。 研究三在研究二的基礎(chǔ)上，分析了創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)驗對心理距離與機會識別關(guān)系的調(diào)節(jié)作用。方法是請被試在完成研究二的問卷后，匯報自己的創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)驗，包括是否有過創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)歷以及創(chuàng)業(yè)的年限。研究通過方差分析對創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)歷有無的影響進行了檢驗，接著使用回歸分析檢驗了創(chuàng)業(yè)年限的影響。結(jié)果顯示在時間距離和社會距離維度，創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)驗（包括創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)歷的有無以及創(chuàng)業(yè)年限的長短）對心理距離對機會識別的影響起到了緩沖作用，并且調(diào)節(jié)效應(yīng)是通過風(fēng)險知覺發(fā)生作用。在空間距離維度，創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)驗的調(diào)節(jié)作用不顯著。
[Abstract]:Entrepreneurship is of great significance to the prosperity of society and the economic development of the country. Entrepreneurship can not only promote economic growth, enhance national innovation ability, but also accelerate economic restructuring, reduce the gap between rich and poor in different regions, and solve the actual problem of employment. The identification, evaluation and development of opportunities are the trilogy of successful entrepreneurship, among which the first problem to be solved is the identification of entrepreneurial opportunities. The discussion of influencing factors is a problem that can not be ignored in this field. Based on the theory of level of explanation, this study uses the method of situational experiment to study the influence mechanism of psychological distance on entrepreneurial opportunity identification. The study was divided into three parts. Six kinds of entrepreneurial situations were designed by using 3 (three dimensions of psychological distance) 脳 2 (psychological distance, close) between the subjects. In the first study, the influence of three dimensions of psychological distance, time distance, space distance and social distance on entrepreneurial opportunity recognition was discussed by pre-experiment and formal experiment. A total of 164 valid data were collected and analyzed by ANOVA. The results showed that the recognition degree of entrepreneurial opportunity was higher than that of close situation in the case of time distance, space distance and social distance. Using the same experimental materials, the second study used 225 subjects with entrepreneurial experience and venture capital in Jiangsu and Shanghai as samples to verify the conclusion of study 1, and further explore the influence mechanism of psychological distance on opportunity recognition. Namely the intermediary function of risk perception. The results of regression analysis show that in the dimension of time distance, risk perception partly mediates the influence of time distance on opportunity recognition, and in the dimension of space distance and social distance, risk perception plays a role as a complete intermediary. On the basis of the second study, the third study analyzes the role of entrepreneurial experience in regulating the relationship between psychological distance and opportunity recognition. After completing the questionnaire, the participants were asked to report their entrepreneurial experience, including whether they had any entrepreneurial experience or not. The influence of entrepreneurial experience was tested by ANOVA, and then the effect of entrepreneurial life was tested by regression analysis. The results showed that in the dimension of time distance and social distance, entrepreneurial experience (including the existence of entrepreneurial experience and the length of entrepreneurial years) played a buffer role on the impact of psychological distance on opportunity recognition. And the regulatory effect is through risk perception. In the dimension of space distance, entrepreneurial experience does not play a significant role.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842;F272.92

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本文編號：1955338