本文選題：社區(qū) + 老年人　； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究背景：人口老齡化是全球面臨的嚴(yán)重危機(jī)和挑戰(zhàn)。按照老齡化社會(huì)的國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn),中國(guó)已經(jīng)步入老齡化國(guó)家的行列,預(yù)計(jì)2050年我國(guó)老年人口總數(shù)將超過(guò)4億,老齡人口比例將達(dá)到30%以上。老年群體的心理健康逐漸引起了全社會(huì)的廣泛關(guān)注。 研究目的：探討基于積極心理學(xué)理論的團(tuán)體心理干預(yù)對(duì)社區(qū)老年人心理健康和幸福感的促進(jìn)作用。 研究方法：以癥狀自評(píng)量表(Symptom Checklist90, SCL-90)、總體幸福感量表(General Well-Being Schedule, GWB)、社會(huì)支持評(píng)定量表(Social Support Rating Scale, SSRS)和簡(jiǎn)易應(yīng)對(duì)方式問(wèn)卷(Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, SCSQ),對(duì)城市社區(qū)符合條件的76名老年人進(jìn)行心理健康及相關(guān)因素評(píng)估,通過(guò)相關(guān)分析和多元回歸分析,探討影響心理健康和幸福感的因素。將被試者隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組和干預(yù)組,各38人,干預(yù)組進(jìn)行為期6周,每周1次,每次約60分鐘的團(tuán)體心理干預(yù),對(duì)照組不干預(yù)。干預(yù)后以相同的量表進(jìn)行復(fù)測(cè),評(píng)價(jià)干預(yù)效果。比較干預(yù)組和對(duì)照組心理健康水平、總體幸福感、社會(huì)支持、應(yīng)對(duì)方式的差異。 研究結(jié)果：1、相關(guān)分析顯示,客觀支持、主觀支持和對(duì)支持的利用度與癥狀自評(píng)得分呈負(fù)相關(guān),消極應(yīng)對(duì)方式與癥狀自評(píng)得分呈正相關(guān)；客觀支持、主觀支持和對(duì)支持的利用度與總體幸福感得分呈顯著正相關(guān),消極應(yīng)對(duì)方式與總體幸福感中對(duì)健康的擔(dān)心和對(duì)情感和行為的控制因子得分呈負(fù)相關(guān)�；貧w分析顯示,消極應(yīng)對(duì)方式對(duì)心理健康有預(yù)測(cè)作用,主觀支持對(duì)總體幸福感有預(yù)測(cè)作用。2、干預(yù)前,干預(yù)組和對(duì)照組各量表得分差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。干預(yù)后,干預(yù)組SCL-90總分及各因子(除恐怖因子外)得分顯著低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)；總體幸福感總分及各因子得分顯著高于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)；社會(huì)支持總分、客觀觀支持和主觀支持得分顯著高于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.01)；積極應(yīng)對(duì)得分顯著高于對(duì)照組,消極應(yīng)對(duì)得分顯著低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.01；P0.01)。 干預(yù)組自身比較,干預(yù)后,癥狀自評(píng)量表總分及各因子(除恐怖因子外)得分顯著低于干預(yù)前水平,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)；總體幸福感量表總分及各因子(除精力因子外)得分顯著高于干預(yù)前水平,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)；社會(huì)支持評(píng)定量表結(jié)果顯示,社會(huì)支持總分、客觀支持和主觀支持得分顯著高于干預(yù)前水平,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)；積極應(yīng)對(duì)得分顯著高于干預(yù)前水平,消極應(yīng)對(duì)得分顯著低于干預(yù)前水平,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.01；P0.01)。對(duì)照組干預(yù)前后各量表得分差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。 結(jié)論：1、社區(qū)老年人的心理健康水平與應(yīng)對(duì)方式密切相關(guān),總體幸福感與社會(huì)支持密切相關(guān),其中以消極應(yīng)對(duì)和主觀支持的相關(guān)性更為顯著。2、積極心理干預(yù)能顯著改善社區(qū)老年人的情緒問(wèn)題,促進(jìn)心理健康和幸福感水平的提升。
[Abstract]:Background: population ageing is a serious global crisis and challenge. According to the international standards of the aging society, China has already stepped into the ranks of the aging countries. It is estimated that the total number of the elderly population will exceed 400 million in 2050, and the proportion of the aged population will reach more than 30 percent. The mental health of the elderly group has gradually aroused the widespread concern of the whole society. Objective: to explore the effects of group psychological intervention based on positive psychology theory on the mental health and well-being of the elderly in community. Methods: with symptom Checklist90 (SCL-90), General Well-Being inventory, GWBX, Social support rating scale (Social Support Rating Scale, SSRS) and simple coping style questionnaire (simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, SCSQP), 76 elderly people in urban communities who met the requirements were investigated by using the symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), the General Well-Being inventory (GWBX), the Social support rating scale (Social Support Rating Scale, SSRS) and the simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, questionnaire (simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, SCSQP). Assessment of mental health and related factors, The factors influencing mental health and well-being were discussed by correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The subjects were randomly divided into the control group and the intervention group, each with 38 persons. The intervention group received group psychological intervention for 6 weeks once a week for about 60 minutes, while the control group did not intervene. After intervention, the same scale was used to evaluate the effect of intervention. The differences of mental health, general well-being, social support and coping style between intervention group and control group were compared. Results: 1, correlation analysis showed that objective support, subjective support and utilization of support were negatively correlated with symptom self-assessment scores, and negative coping styles were positively correlated with symptom self-assessment scores. Subjective support and utilization of support were positively correlated with overall well-being scores, negative coping styles were negatively correlated with health concerns in overall well-being and control factors of emotion and behavior. Regression analysis showed that negative coping style had predictive effect on mental health, subjective support had predictive effect on overall well-being. Before intervention, there was no significant difference between intervention group and control group (P 0.05). After intervention, the total score of SCL-90 and each factor (except phobic factor) in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05), the total score of total well-being and the score of each factor in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The scores of total score of social support, objective view support and subjective support were significantly higher than those of the control group (P 0.01), the score of positive coping was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the score of negative coping was significantly lower than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.01). After intervention, the total score of SCL-90 and the scores of each factor (except phobic factor) were significantly lower than those before intervention. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05), the total score of total well-being scale and each factor (except energy factor) was significantly higher than that before intervention, the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05), the results of social support rating scale showed that the total score of social support was higher than that of before intervention. The scores of objective support and subjective support were significantly higher than those before intervention, the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05), the score of positive coping was significantly higher than that of pre-intervention, the score of negative coping was significantly lower than that of pre-intervention, and the difference was statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the scores of each scale before and after intervention in the control group (P 0.05). Conclusion: 1. The mental health level of the elderly in the community is closely related to the coping style, and the overall well-being is closely related to social support. Among them, the correlation between negative coping and subjective support is more significant. The positive psychological intervention can significantly improve the emotional problems of the elderly in the community, and promote the level of mental health and well-being.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B844.4

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