本文選題：社區(qū) + 老年人�。� 參考：《山東大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究背景：人口老齡化是全球面臨的嚴重危機和挑戰(zhàn)。按照老齡化社會的國際標準,中國已經步入老齡化國家的行列,預計2050年我國老年人口總數(shù)將超過4億,老齡人口比例將達到30%以上。老年群體的心理健康逐漸引起了全社會的廣泛關注。 研究目的：探討基于積極心理學理論的團體心理干預對社區(qū)老年人心理健康和幸福感的促進作用。 研究方法：以癥狀自評量表(Symptom Checklist90, SCL-90)、總體幸福感量表(General Well-Being Schedule, GWB)、社會支持評定量表(Social Support Rating Scale, SSRS)和簡易應對方式問卷(Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, SCSQ),對城市社區(qū)符合條件的76名老年人進行心理健康及相關因素評估,通過相關分析和多元回歸分析,探討影響心理健康和幸福感的因素。將被試者隨機分為對照組和干預組,各38人,干預組進行為期6周,每周1次,每次約60分鐘的團體心理干預,對照組不干預。干預后以相同的量表進行復測,評價干預效果。比較干預組和對照組心理健康水平、總體幸福感、社會支持、應對方式的差異。 研究結果：1、相關分析顯示,客觀支持、主觀支持和對支持的利用度與癥狀自評得分呈負相關,消極應對方式與癥狀自評得分呈正相關；客觀支持、主觀支持和對支持的利用度與總體幸福感得分呈顯著正相關,消極應對方式與總體幸福感中對健康的擔心和對情感和行為的控制因子得分呈負相關�；貧w分析顯示,消極應對方式對心理健康有預測作用,主觀支持對總體幸福感有預測作用。2、干預前,干預組和對照組各量表得分差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)。干預后,干預組SCL-90總分及各因子(除恐怖因子外)得分顯著低于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)；總體幸福感總分及各因子得分顯著高于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)；社會支持總分、客觀觀支持和主觀支持得分顯著高于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.01)；積極應對得分顯著高于對照組,消極應對得分顯著低于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.01；P0.01)。 干預組自身比較,干預后,癥狀自評量表總分及各因子(除恐怖因子外)得分顯著低于干預前水平,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)；總體幸福感量表總分及各因子(除精力因子外)得分顯著高于干預前水平,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)；社會支持評定量表結果顯示,社會支持總分、客觀支持和主觀支持得分顯著高于干預前水平,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)；積極應對得分顯著高于干預前水平,消極應對得分顯著低于干預前水平,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.01；P0.01)。對照組干預前后各量表得分差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)。 結論：1、社區(qū)老年人的心理健康水平與應對方式密切相關,總體幸福感與社會支持密切相關,其中以消極應對和主觀支持的相關性更為顯著。2、積極心理干預能顯著改善社區(qū)老年人的情緒問題,促進心理健康和幸福感水平的提升。
[Abstract]:Background: population ageing is a serious global crisis and challenge. According to the international standards of the aging society, China has already stepped into the ranks of the aging countries. It is estimated that the total number of the elderly population will exceed 400 million in 2050, and the proportion of the aged population will reach more than 30 percent. The mental health of the elderly group has gradually aroused the widespread concern of the whole society. Objective: to explore the effects of group psychological intervention based on positive psychology theory on the mental health and well-being of the elderly in community. Methods: with symptom Checklist90 (SCL-90), General Well-Being inventory, GWBX, Social support rating scale (Social Support Rating Scale, SSRS) and simple coping style questionnaire (simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, SCSQP), 76 elderly people in urban communities who met the requirements were investigated by using the symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), the General Well-Being inventory (GWBX), the Social support rating scale (Social Support Rating Scale, SSRS) and the simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, questionnaire (simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, SCSQP). Assessment of mental health and related factors, The factors influencing mental health and well-being were discussed by correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The subjects were randomly divided into the control group and the intervention group, each with 38 persons. The intervention group received group psychological intervention for 6 weeks once a week for about 60 minutes, while the control group did not intervene. After intervention, the same scale was used to evaluate the effect of intervention. The differences of mental health, general well-being, social support and coping style between intervention group and control group were compared. Results: 1, correlation analysis showed that objective support, subjective support and utilization of support were negatively correlated with symptom self-assessment scores, and negative coping styles were positively correlated with symptom self-assessment scores. Subjective support and utilization of support were positively correlated with overall well-being scores, negative coping styles were negatively correlated with health concerns in overall well-being and control factors of emotion and behavior. Regression analysis showed that negative coping style had predictive effect on mental health, subjective support had predictive effect on overall well-being. Before intervention, there was no significant difference between intervention group and control group (P 0.05). After intervention, the total score of SCL-90 and each factor (except phobic factor) in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05), the total score of total well-being and the score of each factor in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The scores of total score of social support, objective view support and subjective support were significantly higher than those of the control group (P 0.01), the score of positive coping was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the score of negative coping was significantly lower than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.01). After intervention, the total score of SCL-90 and the scores of each factor (except phobic factor) were significantly lower than those before intervention. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05), the total score of total well-being scale and each factor (except energy factor) was significantly higher than that before intervention, the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05), the results of social support rating scale showed that the total score of social support was higher than that of before intervention. The scores of objective support and subjective support were significantly higher than those before intervention, the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05), the score of positive coping was significantly higher than that of pre-intervention, the score of negative coping was significantly lower than that of pre-intervention, and the difference was statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the scores of each scale before and after intervention in the control group (P 0.05). Conclusion: 1. The mental health level of the elderly in the community is closely related to the coping style, and the overall well-being is closely related to social support. Among them, the correlation between negative coping and subjective support is more significant. The positive psychological intervention can significantly improve the emotional problems of the elderly in the community, and promote the level of mental health and well-being.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B844.4

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 張艷紅;胡修銀;;主觀幸福感研究綜述[J];長春師范學院學報(人文社會科學版);2009年01期

2 付金鳳;龐愛蓮;劉美婷;;城市老年居民社會支持與主觀幸福感研究[J];成人教育;2008年03期

3 章燕敏;;國內老年人主觀幸福感研究綜述[J];大眾科技;2011年03期

4 任志洪;葉一舵;;國內外關于主觀幸福感影響因素研究述評[J];福建師范大學學報(哲學社會科學版);2006年04期

5 郭麗花;李立莉;;深圳市老年人心理衛(wèi)生干預效果評價[J];海南醫(yī)學;2010年20期

6 劉啟珍;心理咨詢與治療發(fā)揮有效作用的心理機制[J];湖北大學學報(哲學社會科學版);1996年03期

7 韓金紅;孫宏玉;韓金香;;護士長工作壓力源、心理健康狀況及應對方式的研究[J];護理管理雜志;2007年04期

8 邱秀芳;張衛(wèi);姚杜鵑;;高校教師的心理健康、應對方式及其關系研究[J];華南師范大學學報(社會科學版);2007年03期

9 任俊,葉浩生;積極人格:人格心理學研究的新取向[J];華中師范大學學報(人文社會科學版);2005年04期

10 鄭宏志,陳功香;社會支持對老年人主觀幸福感的影響[J];濟南大學學報(社會科學版);2005年05期

，

本文編號：1825242