發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-14 08:53

  本文選題：妒忌 + 情節(jié)性妒忌��； 參考：《西南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：妒忌(Envy)是一種因向上的社會(huì)比較而對占有優(yōu)勢的他人或群體產(chǎn)生的消極的情緒。近年來,妒忌的研究逐步由人格特質(zhì)領(lǐng)域延伸到認(rèn)知過程、職場環(huán)境、社交媒體、群際關(guān)系等領(lǐng)域。已有研究表明處于優(yōu)勢地位者因?yàn)楹ε聛碜杂谔幱诹觿莸乃说亩始?會(huì)表現(xiàn)出更多的親社會(huì)行為,同時(shí),也有研究發(fā)現(xiàn)個(gè)體對處于優(yōu)勢地位的他人是否愿意同自己分享的預(yù)期會(huì)影響自身的妒忌水平。所以本研究想進(jìn)一步探究妒忌對個(gè)體的分配意愿是否會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響,來自優(yōu)勢他人的分享姿態(tài)是否能夠減輕處于劣勢個(gè)體的妒忌水平。本研究采用回憶法誘發(fā)情緒并采用金錢分配決策范式,探究妒忌對個(gè)體在進(jìn)行分配決策時(shí)的選擇的影響,并進(jìn)一步通過被試的分配決策結(jié)果探究分享的表達(dá)對妒忌是否具有減輕作用。實(shí)驗(yàn)一招募了86名本科生,將被試隨機(jī)分配到妒忌組(45人)和控制組(41人),在用回憶法啟動(dòng)情緒之后,讓他們完成金錢分配決策,統(tǒng)計(jì)三種決策條件下被試的決策結(jié)果。實(shí)驗(yàn)一結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)在三種決策條件下,被試都更傾向于選擇公平的選項(xiàng),但是妒忌組和控制組被試在第二種條件下的決策表現(xiàn)出顯著的差異(χ2=13.050,df=1,P0.001)。實(shí)驗(yàn)二讓參加過實(shí)驗(yàn)一的本科生完成投射情境下的金錢分配決策,即替他人做決策。實(shí)驗(yàn)二結(jié)果顯示,被試仍然更傾向于在三種決策條件下都選擇公平的選項(xiàng)。但是妒忌組被試和控制組被試仍然在第二種決策條件下表現(xiàn)出顯著差異(χ2=4.174,df=1,P0.05)。同時(shí),妒忌組被試在第一種決策條件下表現(xiàn)出自我選擇和投射選擇情境下的差異(χ2=4.114,df=1,P0.05),控制組被試在第一種決策條件和第三種條件下都表現(xiàn)出自我選擇和投射選擇的差異(χ2=9.873,df=1,P0.05;χ2=11.546,df=1,P0.05)。實(shí)驗(yàn)三招募了48名本科生,將其隨機(jī)分配到妒忌組和控制組各24人。兩組被試先完成自我選擇決策,再完成投射選擇決策。與前面兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)不同的是,本實(shí)驗(yàn)中,在誘發(fā)情緒之后,做出金錢分配決策之前向被試呈現(xiàn)一個(gè)分享線索情境。實(shí)驗(yàn)三結(jié)果顯示在有分享線索呈現(xiàn)的情境下,妒忌組和控制組被試在三種決策條件下的選擇都沒有顯著差異(χ2=0.223,df=1,P0.05;χ2=3.2,df=1,P0.05;χ2=1.505,df=1,P0.05);投射選擇情境下妒忌組和控制組的選擇也沒有顯著差異(χ2=1.118,df=1,P0.05;χ2=0.000,df=1,P0.05;χ2=0.118,df=1,P0.05)。經(jīng)對實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,得出以下結(jié)論:一、誘發(fā)妒忌情緒會(huì)促使被試在分配決策中減少利他決策,尤其是在自己利益不受損,他人利益增加并且超過自己的情境下。二、在投射情境下,妒忌組和控制組在替他人做分配決策時(shí),仍然表現(xiàn)出相同的差異,即,妒忌情緒啟動(dòng)組在替他人做分配決策時(shí),仍然會(huì)比控制組被試更少地做出自己利益不受損,他人利益增加并且超過自己的選擇。三、提供妒忌對象愿意分享的線索使妒忌啟動(dòng)組和控制組被試在做出自己利益不受損,他人利益增加并且超過自己的選擇時(shí)的差異減小。
[Abstract]:Envy (Envy) is a result of upward social comparison and take advantage of others or groups of negative emotions. In recent years, the study of jealousy gradually from the personality field extends to the cognitive process, workplace environment, social media, the field of intergroup relations. Previous studies show a dominant position because of fear comes from the disadvantage of the jealousy of others, will show more prosocial behavior, at the same time, it has also been found that others in the dominant position of the individual is willing to share with their expectations will affect their own jealousy levels. The purpose of this study is to explore whether the distribution of individual will envy further impact, whether from the advantage of others to share the attitude can reduce the disadvantage of individual level of jealousy. This study used recall method and the emotional money allocation paradigm, jealous of the individual in the inquiry Effect of allocation decisions when choosing, and further through the test results of the decision are allocated to explore whether can reduce the effect on the expression of jealousy share. Experiment one recruited 86 undergraduates, the subjects were randomly assigned to jealousy group (45 people) and control group (41 people), after the start of emotional memories and let them complete the money allocation decision, test statistics of three kinds of decision making under the decision results. The results found in the three decision conditions, subjects are more likely to choose equity options, but envy group and control group were tested in second conditions, the decision shows significant difference (x2 2=13.050, df=1, P0.001). In experiment two participated in the undergraduate experiment one complete decision making money allocation in the context of the projection, for others to make decisions. The experimental results show that the two, were still more likely to in the three decision under the condition of choosing a fair election A jealous. But subjects and control subjects showed significant differences still in second kinds of decision making conditions (x 2=4.174, df=1, P0.05). At the same time, jealousy subjects show differences of self selection and project selection in the context of decision making in the first condition (x 2=4.114, df=1, P0.05). The control group were tested in the first decision conditions and the third conditions have shown differences of self selection and selective projection (x 2=9.873, df=1 x 2=11.546, df=1, P0.05; P0.05). Experiment three recruited 48 undergraduates randomly assigned to jealousy group and control group two groups of 24 people each. Try to perform a self selection decision, and then complete the project selection decision. And in front of two experiments is different, in this experiment, in the emotional, presenting a clue to the subjects before sharing situations make money allocation decisions. Three experimental results show that in a shared context cues, There were no significant differences in jealousy group and control group were tested in the three decision under the condition of choice (x 2=0.223, df=1 x 2=3.2, df=1, P0.05; P0.05; X 2=1.505, df=1, P0.05); selective projection under the context of jealousy and control groups also had no significant difference (x 2=1.118, DF =1. P0.05; P0.05; X 2=0.000, df=1 x 2=0.118, df=1, P0.05). By statistical analysis of the experimental results, the following conclusions: first, induced by jealousy will encourage participants to reduce altruism decision in decision of allocation, especially not to damage the interests of others in their own interests, and increase more than their own situation two, in the context of projection, jealousy group and control group in making allocation decisions for others, still showed the same differences, namely, jealousy start doing group allocation decisions for others, will still make their own interests were less than the control group, and increased more than the interests of others One's own choice. Three, provide jealousy objects willing to share clues, so that the jealousy start group and control group subjects do not lose their interests, increase the interests of others and surpass their own choices when the difference is reduced.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B848

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