本文選題：多元文化經(jīng)驗　切入點：創(chuàng)造性　出處：《首都師范大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著全球化經(jīng)濟的迅猛發(fā)展,越來越多的國家與文化融入到一體化大趨勢中,從而使得個體擁有更多渠道去接觸與本國文化截然不同的外來文化。這一過程勢必會給個體、集體以及國家?guī)矶喾矫娴挠绊憽τ趥�體而言,這種影響可能會體現(xiàn)在認知、情緒以及行為等多個方面。而創(chuàng)造性作為個體認知的一個重要方面,引起了許多研究者的注意,因此本文將關注多元文化趨勢給個體創(chuàng)造性帶來的影響。 本研究采用三種創(chuàng)造性任務,借用三種研究范式,基于中國文化背景開展研究。目的在于考察中國文化背景下多元文化接觸、多元文化學習是否能提高個體的創(chuàng)造性成績,以及二者之間的關系是否會受到開放性、價值觀取向的影響。共包括三項研究：研究一采用問卷調查的方法,以168名具有和不具有出國經(jīng)歷的高二學生為研究對象,考察了兩類群體在“外星人繪畫測驗”和“不尋常用途測驗”中創(chuàng)造性的差異,同時考察了開放性和價值觀取向對多元文化經(jīng)驗與創(chuàng)造性關系的影響。研究二采用多元文化學習的范式,以60名中國的普通大學生為研究對象,考查了多元文化學習組與單一文化學習組在“灰姑娘故事”改寫任務中創(chuàng)造性得分的差異。研究三采用文化啟動的范式,以54名在華留學生為研究對象,考查了中國文化啟動組與控制組在“外星人繪畫測驗”中創(chuàng)造性得分的差異。主要研究發(fā)現(xiàn)如下： (1)在外星人繪畫測驗中的創(chuàng)造程度、切題程度、技術水平、想象水平、藝術水平、精進程度和綜合印象方面,具有出國經(jīng)歷的被試群體其得分顯著高于不具有出國經(jīng)歷的被試群體。而在不尋常用途測驗中,兩類群體的創(chuàng)造性不存在顯著性差異。 (2)控制開放性因素的影響后,多元文化經(jīng)驗能顯著正向地預測個體在外星人繪畫測驗中八個創(chuàng)造性指標的得分,但未能顯著地預測個體在不尋常用途測驗上的創(chuàng)造性得分。 (3)開放性對多元文化經(jīng)驗與創(chuàng)造性的關系具有調節(jié)作用。對于具有中等程度開放性的個體,其多元文化經(jīng)驗能顯著正向地預測個體在可愛程度、技術水平、藝術水平、精進程度以及綜合印象上的創(chuàng)造性得分。 (4)價值觀取向對多元文化經(jīng)驗與創(chuàng)造性的關系具有調節(jié)作用。持個人主義價值觀取向的個體,其多元文化經(jīng)驗能顯著正向地預測個體在外星人繪畫測驗中的八個創(chuàng)造性指標。而持集體主義價值觀取向的個體,其多元文化經(jīng)驗僅能顯著正向地預測個體在可愛程度、技術水平、精進程度以及綜合印象上的創(chuàng)造性得分。 (5)中國文化組被試的創(chuàng)造性成績顯著高于中美文化并置組被試,這說明短暫的多元文化學習并沒有促進創(chuàng)造性成績。 (6)文化啟動范式能用來探究多元文化經(jīng)驗與創(chuàng)造性之間的關系,接受多元文化啟動的被試群體,其創(chuàng)造性成績顯著高于控制組,即多元文化經(jīng)驗有利于創(chuàng)造性成績的提高。 基于上述結論,本文在一定程度上支持了多元文化經(jīng)驗對創(chuàng)造性的促進作用,但未來還需要更多基于中國文化背景的研究。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economic globalization, countries and culture more and more into the trend of integration, so that individuals have more channels to reach different foreign culture and native culture. This process is bound to bring the influence of individual, collective and multi country. For the individual, this effect may be reflected in the cognition. Many aspects of emotion and behavior. And creativity as an important aspect of individual cognition, attracted the attention of many researchers, so this paper will focus on the influence of multi culture brings to individual creativity.
This study used three kinds of creative tasks, use three kinds of research paradigms, research Chinese cultural background based on. The purpose is to explore the contact Chinese multicultural culture background, multicultural learning can improve the individual's creative achievements, and the relationship between the two is not affected by openness, influence the value orientation of the three. The research includes: a study using the method of questionnaire survey to 168 with and without overseas experience of senior high school students as the research object, investigated two kinds of group differences in the "alien painting test" and "seeking common way to test" creative, also examines the openness and values orientation on the relationship multicultural experience and creative research. Two the multicultural learning paradigm, with 60 Chinese of ordinary college students as the research object, examines the Multicultural Learning Group and single The cultural learning group in the "Cinderella Story" rewrite the score difference of creativity tasks. On three cultural priming paradigm, with 54 students in China as the research object, examines the Chinese culture priming group and control group in the "alien painting test" creative score difference. The main findings are as follows:
(1) create a degree in painting in the test to the aliens, the technical level, the level of imagination, artistic level, advanced level and comprehensive impression, with overseas experience subjects group scored significantly higher than do not have experience abroad. The subjects in the unusual use of tests, two groups of creative there is no significant difference.
(2) after controlling the influence of open factors, multicultural experience can significantly predict the scores of eight creative indicators in the extraterrestrial drawing test, but fails to predict the creative score of individuals on unusual uses.
(3) open on the relationship between multicultural experience and creative play a role in the regulation. For a moderately open individual, its multicultural experience can positively predict individual in the lovely degree, technical level, artistic level, enhancement degree and comprehensive impression on the creative points.
(4) values have moderating effects on the relationship orientation of multicultural experience and creativity. The values of individualism orientation of the individual, its multicultural experience can positively predict individual eight creative index in the test. And the alien painting to collectivism values of the individual, its multicultural experience only positively predict individual in the lovely degree, the level of technology, advanced degree and comprehensive impression on the creative points.
(5) the creative achievement of the Chinese culture group was significantly higher than that of the Chinese and American cultural juxtaposition group, which showed that the brief multicultural study did not promote the creative achievement.
(6) culture startup paradigm can be used to explore the relationship between multicultural experience and creativity. The acceptance of multiculturalism initiated group is significantly higher than that of the control group, that is, multicultural experience is conducive to the improvement of creative performance.
Based on the above conclusions, this paper supports the role of multicultural experience in creativity, but needs more research based on Chinese cultural background in the future.

【學位授予單位】：首都師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842

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