本文選題：睡眠剝奪　切入點：情緒　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：睡眠不足是現(xiàn)代社會的普遍現(xiàn)象,會對個人身體健康帶來不利影響。已有研究表明睡眠剝奪會帶來注意力、記憶、執(zhí)行功能、情緒判斷等一系列認知功能上的降低。其引發(fā)的神經(jīng)活動改變廣泛分布于全腦,包括額頂控制區(qū)、次級感覺加工區(qū)等皮層上腦區(qū)以及丘腦、海馬、杏仁核等皮層下組織。并且,在睡眠剝奪后這種行為與神經(jīng)層面的改變也存在一定的個體差異。不同的個體對睡眠剝奪的敏感度不同,引發(fā)的行為神經(jīng)改變程度也不同。 回顧已有文獻,我們已經(jīng)了解到睡眠剝奪后會出現(xiàn)一系列認知功能的降低,不僅有較為基礎(chǔ)性的注意力渙散,還包括高級的控制及決策功能。到目前為止,盡管有大量可靠的研究關(guān)注睡眠與認知的交互關(guān)系,但是睡眠／睡眠剝奪對情感和情緒調(diào)節(jié)方面的研究還較少。幾乎所有的心境障礙都會伴隨睡眠異常,暗示了睡眠和情緒之間的潛在關(guān)系。為了驗證情緒功能在睡眠剝奪后的變化及其神經(jīng)基礎(chǔ),我們提出了研究一。研究一使用任務(wù)態(tài)fMRI,采用情緒圖片評分的方法考察了個體在睡眠剝奪后情緒加工的變化。結(jié)果顯示正常個體在睡眠剝奪后不僅心境變得較為低落,情緒加工能力也更加不穩(wěn)定。睡眠剝奪后觀看情緒圖片時額中回、中央后回、顳中回和小腦部分區(qū)域激活增強,而中腦區(qū)域較正常狀態(tài)則表現(xiàn)出激活下降。額葉等高級區(qū)域的激活增強可能是一種潛在的補償效應(yīng),而負責覺醒/睡眠的中腦則在睡眠剝奪后呈現(xiàn)出功能損傷。并且在觀看不同情緒效價的圖片時,睡眠剝奪后負性圖片引發(fā)后部扣帶回和枕中回的激活顯著增強,而觀看正性圖片時卻沒有激活改變的腦區(qū)出現(xiàn)。這一現(xiàn)象說明不同效價圖片在睡眠剝奪后的所需的情緒加工可能不同。 靜息態(tài)功能磁共振成像能夠記錄個體在無任務(wù)狀態(tài)下的大腦血氧信號,這種大腦的自發(fā)振蕩被認為反應(yīng)了腦活動的“基線狀態(tài)”。針對睡眠剝奪后各種認知功能損傷的fMRI研究很廣泛,但是針對大腦自發(fā)活動在睡眠剝奪后改變的研究還較少。并且,睡眠剝奪后認知變化的相應(yīng)異常神經(jīng)活動也彌散于全腦。是否是全腦整體加工效率的異常導(dǎo)致腦神經(jīng)活動的異常,而在行為上表現(xiàn)出情緒功能的下降?針對這一問題我們提出了研究二,通過記錄靜息態(tài)腦自發(fā)振蕩,使用圖論分析從全局角度考察睡眠剝奪對大腦整體加工效率的影響。結(jié)果顯示,在睡眠剝奪后大腦功能網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的負連接顯著減弱,暗示了大腦抑制水平的整體下降。與網(wǎng)絡(luò)出現(xiàn)紊亂的預(yù)期相反,睡眠剝奪后小世界屬性相比正常狀態(tài)表現(xiàn)出增強,可能代表了腦功能網(wǎng)絡(luò)的補償效應(yīng)。受睡眠剝奪影響的腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)主要是較低級的枕葉網(wǎng)絡(luò)以及感覺運動網(wǎng)絡(luò),較高級的控制網(wǎng)絡(luò)受到的影響較小。靜息態(tài)活動改變的區(qū)域與任務(wù)態(tài)激活改變的結(jié)果一致,這可能反映了認知神經(jīng)功能在睡眠剝奪后改變的共同神經(jīng)基礎(chǔ)。此外,這種神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的變化與被試的神經(jīng)質(zhì)得分顯著相關(guān)。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可能對于我們了解睡眠剝奪后個體情緒功能變化的潛在神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)基礎(chǔ),以及人格特質(zhì)在其中所起的作用有一定的意義。 圍繞睡眠剝奪對情緒穩(wěn)定性的影響,本研究從任務(wù)態(tài)和靜息態(tài)兩方面開展了實驗研究。實驗結(jié)果驗證了已有文獻所報道的睡眠剝奪后個體情緒不穩(wěn)性增強的現(xiàn)象,并且這一現(xiàn)象不僅僅與個體單純的情緒加工能力受損有關(guān),與個體在睡眠剝奪后大腦靜息態(tài)活動的變化也有關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Insufficient sleep is a common phenomenon in modern society, will adversely affect the personal health. Studies have shown that sleep deprivation can bring attention, memory, executive function, reduce the emotional judgment and a series of cognitive functions. Widely distributed in the whole brain changes caused by neural activity, including frontoparietal control area, hippocampal cortex secondary feel like the processing area of the brain and the thalamus, amygdala, cortex tissue. And, to change this behavior and neural levels after sleep deprivation also has individual differences. Different individuals of different sensitivity of sleep deprivation, caused by the behavior of neural change degree is also different.
A review of the existing literature, we have learned to reduce sleep deprivation will appear after a series of cognitive function, not only is the basis of attention and lax, also includes the control and decision function advanced. So far, although there are a large number of reliable research on sleep and cognitive interaction, but sleep / sleep deprivation on emotion and Study on emotion regulation is still less. Almost all mood disorders accompanied by sleep abnormalities, suggesting a potential relationship between sleep and mood. In order to verify the function of emotional changes in sleep deprivation and its neural basis, we put forward a research study. Using the task state fMRI, using the method of the study score of emotional pictures the changes in individual sleep deprivation of emotional processing. The results showed that in normal individuals after sleep deprivation not only become more depressed mood, emotion processing ability is more Sleep deprivation is not stable. After watching the emotional pictures, frontal gyrus, postcentral gyrus, gyrus and cerebellum region enhanced activation in temporal and midbrain than in the normal state, showed decreased activation. Activation of frontal lobe senior regional enhancement may be a potential compensation effect, and is responsible for the wake / sleep in in sleep deprivation after showing a function of damage. And watching the different emotional valence of the picture, after sleep deprivation caused by negative pictures posterior cingulate gyrus and occipital gyrus activation were significantly enhanced, while watching positive pictures without the change of brain activation occurs. This phenomenon may be different in different colour pictures after sleep deprivation for emotional processing.
Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging to record the individual in no task under the condition of brain blood oxygen signal, the brain's spontaneous oscillation is believed to reflect the brain activity of the "baseline". For a variety of fMRI sleep deprivation on cognitive function damage is extensive, but the brain spontaneous activity in the study of sleep deprivation is changing less. And, after sleep deprivation corresponding abnormal neural activity in cognitive changes is dispersed in the whole brain. Whether it is the overall processing efficiency of whole brain abnormalities caused abnormal brain activity, and showed a decrease in emotional function behavior? To solve this problem, we put forward two research, by recording the resting brain spontaneous oscillation the use of graph theory analysis, from a global perspective the effects of sleep deprivation on overall brain processing efficiency. The results showed that the negative function of network connectivity in the brain after sleep deprivation in significant reduction Weak, suggesting that the overall decline in the level of the brain. Inhibition and network disorder expectations, sleep deprivation of small world properties compared to the normal state showed enhanced, compensation effect may represent a brain functional network. The effects of sleep deprivation brain network is mainly the lower occipital network and sensorimotor network, little effect more advanced control network. By region and task state of resting state activity changing activation change results, which may reflect the cognitive function in the common neural basis of sleep deprivation change. In addition, significant changes related to the neural network and the participants. These findings may neuroticism score for us to understand the change of the individual emotional function after sleep deprivation potential neural network based, has a certain significance and role of personality play in them.
The effects of sleep deprivation on emotional stability, this paper carried out experimental research from two aspects of the task state and resting state. The experimental results verify the literatures reported sleep deprivation of individual emotional instability enhancement phenomenon, and this phenomenon not only with pure individual emotion processing ability damage, but also related to change the individual in the sleep deprived brain resting state activity.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842.6

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 雷旭;劉歡;李紅;;睡眠的同步EEG-fMRI研究述評[J];心理科學(xué)進展;2013年03期

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本文編號：1615745