本文選題：生物運動　切入點：倒置效應(yīng)　出處：《蘇州大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：摘要：生物運動是指生物體在空間上整體性運動，如步行、奔跑等。生物運動知覺實現(xiàn)了脊椎動物與所在社會群體的遠(yuǎn)距離互動，對生物運動的正確探測和識別有助于動物逃離或避免危險的情境，比如自然界中天敵或?qū)κ值目拷瑫r也有助于在捕獵或?qū)ふ遗渑嫉臅r候成功地獲得或靠近目標(biāo)。很多脊椎動物，包括人類，都擁有一個對生物運動刺激主動加工的視覺系統(tǒng)。生物運動刺激也可以引起觀察者的反射性注意朝向，并調(diào)節(jié)觀察者的注意轉(zhuǎn)移，而倒置以后該效應(yīng)就消失了。本研究運用眼動研究，探究該現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生是源于整體構(gòu)型信息的破壞，還是源于局部運動信息的破壞。實驗一中通過比較倒置腳光點和倒置除腳以外的光點來探究生物運動引起的反射性注意的倒置效應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵性因素。為了更清晰地分離整體構(gòu)型和局部運動，實驗二通過呈現(xiàn)靜止的光點運動序列把整體構(gòu)型分離出來，通過呈現(xiàn)在方向識別中起關(guān)鍵作用的腳光點的運動把局部運動分離出來，，從而探究生物運動加工中整體構(gòu)型和局部運動的相對作用。實驗三中，根據(jù)自動加工的“認(rèn)知負(fù)荷不敏感標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，探究生物運動信息的加工是否會隨著認(rèn)知負(fù)荷的增加而受到影響，即探究生物運動是否是自動加工的。 本研究得出以下結(jié)論： （1）生物運動刺激能夠自動地捕獲被試的注意，引發(fā)反射性注意朝向，只要保持腳光點的位置不變，倒置除腳外其他光點的光點序列，依然能夠使觀察者產(chǎn)生反射性注意朝向，而一旦倒置腳光點，該注意效應(yīng)就消失了。 （2）單獨呈現(xiàn)運動的腳光點，也能夠引起觀察者的反射性注意朝向，而靜態(tài)的光點序列的構(gòu)型無法引起這一注意反應(yīng)。 （3）完整的光點序列和腳光點的局部運動序列的加工不受認(rèn)知負(fù)荷變化的影響，無論是低認(rèn)知負(fù)荷還是高認(rèn)知負(fù)荷條件下，兩者都可以引起觀察者的反射性注意朝向反應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:Abstract: biological movement refers to the whole movement of organisms in space, such as walking, running, etc. Biological movement perception realizes the long-distance interaction between vertebrates and their social groups. The correct detection and identification of biological movements helps animals escape or avoid dangerous situations, such as the proximity of natural enemies or opponents in nature, It also helps to get or get close to the target while hunting or finding a mate. Many vertebrates, including humans, Both have a visual system that actively processes biological motion stimuli. Biological motion stimuli can also cause reflexive attention orientation of the observer and regulate the observer's attention shift. The effect disappeared after inversion. In this study, eye movement research was used to explore that the phenomenon was caused by the destruction of the whole configuration information. In experiment 1, the key factors of the inverted effect of reflex attention caused by biological motion were explored by comparing the inverted foot spot with the inverted light spot except the foot. In order to make it more clear, the key factors of the inverted effect of reflex attention caused by biological motion were explored in the first experiment, which was derived from the destruction of local motion information. Separating the global configuration from the local motion, In experiment two, the whole configuration is separated by presenting a stationary sequence of light spot motion, and the local motion is separated by presenting the motion of the foot light spot which plays a key role in direction recognition. So as to explore the relative role of the whole configuration and local movement in the biological motion processing. According to the "Cognitive load insensitive Standard" of automatic processing, this paper explores whether the processing of biological movement information will be affected by the increase of cognitive load, that is to say, whether biological movement is automatic processing. This study draws the following conclusions:. 1) Biomotor stimuli can automatically capture the participants' attention and induce reflex attention orientation. As long as the position of the foot spot is kept unchanged, the sequence of points of light that are inverted except the foot can still cause the observer to produce the reflective attention orientation. The attention effect disappears once the point of light is inverted. (2) the moving foot spot alone can also induce the reflex attention orientation of the observer, but the configuration of the static sequence of light dots cannot induce this attention response. 3) the processing of the complete light spot sequence and the local motion sequence of the foot spot is not affected by the change of cognitive load, both of which can induce the reflexive attention orientation response of the observer under the condition of low cognitive load and high cognitive load.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B843

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本文編號：1591469