發(fā)布時間：2019-06-19 11:51

【摘要】： 第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束了第三帝國的統(tǒng)治,同時德國分裂成兩個國家。一個是在西方國家支持下建立的德意志聯(lián)邦共和國,另一個是在蘇聯(lián)支持下建立的德意志民主共和國。這兩個國家在戰(zhàn)后走上了不同的民主道路。其中聯(lián)邦德國是在以美英法三大國占領(lǐng)區(qū)基礎(chǔ)上建立起來的,成為典型的西方式議會民主制國家。聯(lián)邦德國戰(zhàn)后開始的民主重建工作困難重重,步步艱辛,終于在70年代末建立起較為完善的民主制度,成為世界公認(rèn)的真正的民主國家。德國民主重建對許多國家都有借鑒意義。本文通過考察戰(zhàn)后聯(lián)邦德國民主建設(shè)過程,總結(jié)其成功經(jīng)驗,并在此基礎(chǔ)上探尋民主發(fā)展的基本規(guī)律。 論文分為五章:第一章扼要回顧魏瑪共和國民主建設(shè)的情況,分析了其民主制度的優(yōu)越性和缺陷,著重指出共和國的滅亡與民主建設(shè)不完善有關(guān);第二章論述了戰(zhàn)后聯(lián)邦德國政治民主重建的特色,著重分析基本法的民主內(nèi)涵及其在政治民主化過程中所起到的基石作用;第三章論述了經(jīng)濟(jì)民主化的發(fā)展,揭示了經(jīng)濟(jì)民主化與社會市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的關(guān)系,德國共決制的特色,而在此基礎(chǔ)上實現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與民主化;第四章論述了德國社會民主建設(shè)的努力,主要介紹德國社會民主黨的理論主張和社會報站制度的建設(shè)情況;第五章論述了戰(zhàn)后德國民主教育及民眾民主觀念的轉(zhuǎn)變情況。 結(jié)論部分則是對德國民主重建的經(jīng)驗總結(jié),著重指出民主建設(shè)是一種歷史潮流,但民主沒有固定的模式,應(yīng)該符合國情。德國的經(jīng)驗也可以為正在建設(shè)社會主義民主的中國提供某些借鑒。
[Abstract]:World War II ended the rule of the third Reich and Germany split into two countries. One is the Federal Republic of Germany, founded with the support of Western countries, and the other is the German Democratic Republic, established with the support of the Soviet Union. The two countries embarked on different democratic paths after the war. Among them, the Federal Republic of Germany was established on the basis of the occupation of the three great powers of the United States, Britain and France, and became a typical western-style parliamentary democracy. The reconstruction of democracy in the Federal Republic of Germany after the war was difficult and difficult, and finally established a more perfect democratic system in the late 1970s and became a true democracy recognized in the world. The reconstruction of democracy in Germany is of great significance to many countries. Based on the investigation of the process of democratic construction in the Federal Republic of Germany after the war, this paper summarizes its successful experience, and on this basis, explores the basic laws of democratic development. The paper is divided into five chapters: the first chapter briefly reviews the democratic construction of Weimar Republic, analyzes the advantages and defects of its democratic system, and points out that the demise of the Republic is related to the imperfection of democratic construction. The second chapter discusses the characteristics of the reconstruction of political democracy in the Federal Republic of Germany after the war, focusing on the democratic connotation of the basic Law and its cornerstone role in the process of political democratization. The third chapter discusses the development of economic democratization, reveals the relationship between economic democratization and social market economy, and the characteristics of German communist system, on this basis, realizes economic development and democratization, the fourth chapter discusses the efforts of German social democracy construction, mainly introduces the theoretical ideas of the German Social Democratic Party and the construction of the social newspaper station system. The fifth chapter discusses the post-war German democratic education and the transformation of people's democratic concept. The conclusion part is a summary of the experience of democratic reconstruction in Germany, focusing on the fact that democratic construction is a historical trend, but democracy has no fixed model and should be in line with the national conditions. Germany's experience can also provide some reference for building a socialist democracy in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K518

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王曉嶺;桀驁難馴的權(quán)力—德國立憲艱難之因[D];山東師范大學(xué);2011年

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本文編號：2502323