【摘要】： 本文對(duì)威廉德國對(duì)英外交關(guān)系進(jìn)行考察，并以德國為立足點(diǎn)分析了這一時(shí)期德國對(duì)英外交關(guān)系最終走向失敗的原因。 第一部分簡述了威廉德國對(duì)外政策的總體目標(biāo)及英國在其中的位置。進(jìn)入19世紀(jì)90年代以后，隨著工業(yè)化的高速發(fā)展和經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力的進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)，僅僅獲取殖民地已無法滿足德國經(jīng)濟(jì)向外擴(kuò)張的欲望，于是，謀取勢力范圍，爭奪霸權(quán)乃至瓜分世界就變成了德國對(duì)外政策的總體目標(biāo)。 第二部分?jǐn)⑹隽送聡鴮?duì)英外交關(guān)系經(jīng)歷的三個(gè)發(fā)展階段。1890—1896年為第一階段，德英走向戰(zhàn)略接近。德國政府采取了“新路線”，拒絕延長1890年期滿的德俄再保險(xiǎn)條約。1894年的法俄同盟似乎使德英兩國都面臨孤立，在這種情況下，德國極力想拉英國加入三國同盟。1897—1902年為第二階段，德英由戰(zhàn)略接近走向戰(zhàn)略疏遠(yuǎn)。1897年，德國的“世界政策”正式出臺(tái)。德國不愿充當(dāng)英國在遠(yuǎn)東的區(qū)域同盟這一角色，企圖利用英國與法俄矛盾的不可調(diào)和性來加強(qiáng)自己的“行動(dòng)自由”。1902—1906年為第三階段，德國對(duì)英外交關(guān)系走向戰(zhàn)略沖突。德國海軍政策威脅到英國國家利益，加速了德英對(duì)立。1907年英國和俄國達(dá)成了諒解，德國對(duì)英政策徹底失敗。 第三部分分析了影響德國對(duì)英外交關(guān)系的因素。這些因素是多方面的，既包括地理的、政治的、經(jīng)濟(jì)的因素，，也包括意識(shí)形態(tài)的因素，也有上一階段的德英外交關(guān)系對(duì)本階段的外交關(guān)系的影響�？傮w而言，威廉德國內(nèi)部的因素是最根本的。
[Abstract]:This paper examines the diplomatic relations between William Germany and Britain, and analyzes the reasons for the failure of Germany's diplomatic relations with Britain in this period. The first part briefly describes the overall goal of William Germany's foreign policy and the position of Britain in it. After entering the 1890s, with the rapid development of industrialization and the further enhancement of economic strength, the mere acquisition of colonies could not satisfy the desire of German economy to expand outwards, so it sought a sphere of influence. The struggle for hegemony and even the partition of the world became the overall goal of Germany's foreign policy. The second part describes the three stages of the development of William Germany's diplomatic relations with Britain. The first stage was 1890-1896, and Germany and Britain moved towards the strategic approach. The German government took a "new line" and refused to extend the German-Russian reinsurance treaty, which expired in 1890. In this case, the Franco-Russian alliance of 1894 seemed to isolate both Germany and Britain. Germany tried hard to enlist Britain to join the three Kingdoms alliance. 1897-1902 was the second stage, Germany and Britain moved from strategic approach to strategic alienation. In 1897, Germany's "World Policy" was formally issued. Germany is unwilling to act as the regional alliance of Britain in the far East, and attempts to strengthen its "freedom of movement" by taking advantage of the irreconcilability between Britain and France and Russia. 1902-1906 is the third stage in which Germany's diplomatic relations with Britain move into strategic conflict. The German naval policy threatened the British national interest and accelerated the German-British confrontation. In 1907 Britain and Russia reached an understanding and Germany's policy against Britain completely failed. The third part analyzes the factors influencing Germany's diplomatic relations with Britain. These factors include not only geographical, political and economic factors, but also ideological factors, as well as the influence of German-British diplomatic relations on the diplomatic relations at this stage. Overall, William Germany's internal factors are the most fundamental.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：K516.42

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