【摘要】：博戲是中國古代各階層民眾主要的娛樂消遣方式之一,作為社會生活史、文化風(fēng)俗史、體育史的重要研究對象,日漸受到學(xué)界的重視。人們對傳統(tǒng)四部、敦煌文書壁畫中有關(guān)博戲的材料進(jìn)行了竭澤而漁式的挖掘和研究,極大地豐富了對于博戲的認(rèn)識。然而,日本僧人凝然所著《梵網(wǎng)戒本疏日珠鈔》中一段三千多字的博戲史料,保存了中古時(shí)期中日兩國僧人關(guān)于十種博戲的記載。迄今為止,除有位學(xué)者用之于拔河研究外,其余罕有知之者,因而未能得到充分的利用和研究。本文緒論綜述博戲及其研究狀況,介紹《梵網(wǎng)戒本疏日珠鈔》之成書內(nèi)容,重點(diǎn)考證“博戲”條引用其說的中日兩國僧人生平與著述,以了解各家說法所出時(shí)代,說明其之所以具有較高史料價(jià)值的原因。正文的章節(jié)安排,是以該條所載博戲的次序?yàn)榫V,依次對樗蒲、波羅塞戲、彈棋、雙陸(附六博)、擲石、投壺分章進(jìn)行考證。在每一章中,先移錄《梵網(wǎng)戒本疏日珠鈔》中的相關(guān)史料,對其整理標(biāo)點(diǎn)并簡述其文獻(xiàn)特點(diǎn)。然后在此基礎(chǔ)之上,結(jié)合傳世文獻(xiàn)的記載,對該史料所記載博戲的起源、發(fā)展、用具、具體規(guī)則等問題,進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的考證。其中關(guān)于各種博戲形制與規(guī)則的研究比較深入,論證唐人將雙陸誤作六博比較充分,對鐘葵與鐘馗之關(guān)系、上官儀《投壺經(jīng)》佚文的研究尚屬第一次。本文凸顯出這些新史料對博戲研究的重要文獻(xiàn)價(jià)值,對推進(jìn)各種博戲在中古時(shí)期發(fā)展面貌本身的研究有所裨益。當(dāng)然,因記錄者的僧人身份,對博戲未必十分熟悉,“博戲”條也有記載失實(shí)之處。且因其關(guān)于圍棋、拍鞠、八道行城的記載相對簡略,價(jià)值稍低,而拔河(牽道)部分已有學(xué)者做過研究,故本文暫時(shí)沒有對這幾種博戲進(jìn)行考證。
[Abstract]:As an important research object of social life history, culture and custom history and sports history, Bo Opera is one of the main entertainment ways of Chinese ancient people. People have excavated and studied the traditional four books, Dunhuang documents and frescoes, which have greatly enriched the understanding of the Bo Opera. However, the historical data of more than 3,000 characters in the Japanese monk's book "the Brahma net caution against the Japanese Pearl banknote" preserved the records of 10 kinds of Bo operas by the monks of China and Japan in the middle ancient times. So far, except for one scholar who has been used in tug-of-war research, the others have not been fully utilized and studied. In this paper, the introduction summarizes the Bo opera and its research status, introduces the content of the book "the Brahma net caution against the Japanese pearl banknote", and focuses on the textual research on the life and writings of the monks in China and Japan cited in the article "Bo Xiu" in order to understand the times when the various theories came out. Explain the reason why it has higher historical material value. The chapter arrangement of the text is based on the order of the Bo dramas contained in the article, and textual research is carried out on the chapters of Cynthia Pu, Porosai Opera, playing chess, Shuanglu (with Liu Bo), throwing stones and throwing pots. In each chapter, we first record the relevant historical materials in "the Brahma net warning this book and the Japanese beads", arrange its punctuation and briefly describe the characteristics of its literature. Then on this basis, combined with the records of historical documents, the origin, development, utensils, specific rules and other issues recorded in the historical materials, such as the detailed textual research. Among them, the research on various forms and rules of Bo opera is more thorough, and it is proved that the Tang people made Shuanglu as "six Bo" by mistake. It is the first time to study the relationship between Zhong Kui and the lost text of Shangguan Yi. This paper highlights the important literature value of these new historical materials to the study of Bo Opera, and it is beneficial to the study of the development of various kinds of Bo Opera in the Middle Ancient period. Of course, because of the monk's identity, the Bo Opera may not be very familiar with, the "Bo Opera" also has false records. And because of its relatively simple records about go, Pian Ju, Badaohang City, and the tug of war (lead Road) part of the scholars have done research, so this paper has no textual research on these kinds of Bo Opera.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K104

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