發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-12 08:11

【摘要】：古希臘同性戀現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生與其社會(huì)政治結(jié)構(gòu)、宗教、文化風(fēng)俗有著密切的關(guān)聯(lián),在道德和法律的范疇下,希臘人將這一現(xiàn)象制度化。可見,成年公民與少年不單單是因?yàn)閻矍槎Y(jié)合在一起的共同體,還有其他的目的。 在古希臘,城邦提供的公立教育只是針對(duì)7—14歲的兒童,對(duì)于14—18歲的少年教育是空缺的,而這一時(shí)期的少年正是學(xué)習(xí)欲望最為強(qiáng)烈的時(shí)期,也是正值青春力最為旺盛的階段。在每一個(gè)政治團(tuán)體中,成年公民充當(dāng)教師一職,與少年結(jié)對(duì)出入各種如劇院、廣場(chǎng)、酒會(huì)、體育學(xué)校等公共或是政治場(chǎng)所,引導(dǎo)少年如何進(jìn)入政治生活,成為政治動(dòng)物。這樣的同性戀式的教育目的就是為了讓少年把公共生活變成一種習(xí)慣,一種可以成為城邦的好公民的政治習(xí)慣。 論文共分三章。第一章首先介紹了希臘同性戀現(xiàn)象發(fā)生的淵源,通過神話故事追究這一現(xiàn)象發(fā)生的可能,是民族習(xí)慣的延續(xù)還是外來(lái)民族入侵帶來(lái)的風(fēng)俗?第二節(jié)通過對(duì)希臘文學(xué)作品和現(xiàn)有文物圖片的考析,展現(xiàn)希臘人對(duì)“愛”和“美”的理解,這種理解對(duì)同性戀現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生有著至關(guān)重要的作用。第三節(jié)主要討論在城邦的這種環(huán)境下,同性戀的行為與教育、政治結(jié)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系,以及城邦獨(dú)有的政治結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)同性戀現(xiàn)象所具有的教育功能的影響。 第二章主要介紹同性戀與希臘公共教育之間的關(guān)系。希臘人將體育館、廣場(chǎng)、劇院、酒會(huì)場(chǎng)所看作是公民政治生活的必要部分,在這些場(chǎng)所的活動(dòng)也就被視為是公民必要的政治實(shí)踐。少年在這些實(shí)踐過程中,通過成年公民的引領(lǐng)學(xué)習(xí)勇氣、善以及政治技藝。本章第一節(jié)介紹在體育館或是體育學(xué)校中,少年通過裸體訓(xùn)練方式向諸神以及成年公民展示強(qiáng)健、俊美的身體。希臘人認(rèn)為人們只有經(jīng)過了音樂和體育的學(xué)習(xí)才會(huì)達(dá)到身體的和諧,此后才可以進(jìn)入公共領(lǐng)域。本章第二節(jié)通過對(duì)廣場(chǎng)、劇院、酒會(huì)場(chǎng)所內(nèi)活動(dòng)的描述,揭示成年男性公民與少年出現(xiàn)在公共場(chǎng)所的目的。通過這種積極參與公共活動(dòng)的方式,將少年塑造為一個(gè)合格的政治動(dòng)物。 第三章主要介紹的是古希臘其他的教育形式。由智者和希臘哲人組成的教育團(tuán)體,為整個(gè)希臘文化的繁盛以及政治的傳播做出了重要的貢獻(xiàn)。正是智者們對(duì)希臘教育的另辟蹊徑,從某種意義上理解,他們的那些做法推動(dòng)了民主制的繁榮。
[Abstract]:The phenomenon of homosexuality in ancient Greece was closely related to its social and political structure, religion, culture and customs. Under the category of morality and law, the Greeks institutionalized this phenomenon. It can be seen that adult citizens and teenagers are not just communities United by love, but also for other purposes. In ancient Greece, the public education offered by the city-states was limited to children aged 7-14, but it was not available to young people aged 14-18, who had the greatest desire to learn. It is also the most vigorous period of youth. In every political group, adult citizens act as teachers, pair with teenagers in various public or political venues such as theatres, squares, receptions, sports schools, and guide them to enter political life and become political animals. The aim of this kind of gay education is to make public life a habit, a political habit that can be a good citizen of a city-state. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter introduces the origin of the phenomenon of homosexuality in Greece, through the myth story to investigate the possibility of this phenomenon, is the continuation of national habits or the customs brought about by the invasion of foreign nationalities? The second section shows the Greek understanding of "love" and "beauty", which plays an important role in the occurrence of the phenomenon of homosexuality through the analysis of Greek literature works and the pictures of existing cultural relics. The third section mainly discusses the relationship between homosexual behavior and education, political structure, and the influence of city-state 's unique political structure on the educational function of homosexuality. The second chapter mainly introduces the relationship between homosexuality and Greek public education. The Greeks regarded gymnasiums, squares, theatres and reception venues as an essential part of civil political life, and activities in these venues were seen as necessary political practices for citizens. In these practices, teenagers learn courage, kindness, and political skills through adult citizenship. The first section of this chapter introduces that in gymnasiums or sports schools, teenagers show their strong, handsome bodies to gods and adult citizens through nude training. The Greeks believed that only through music and physical education to achieve physical harmony, before entering the public domain. The second section of this chapter reveals the purpose of the appearance of adult male citizens and teenagers in public places through the description of activities in squares, theatres and reception venues. Through this active participation in public activities, the juvenile is shaped as a qualified political animal. The third chapter mainly introduces other forms of education in ancient Greece. The educational group composed of wise men and Greek philosophers made important contributions to the prosperity of Greek culture and the spread of politics. It was the wise men who took a different approach to Greek education and, in a sense, contributed to the prosperity of democracy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K125

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