【摘要】："小中華"最初是宋人在高麗文宗時(shí)期(1046—1083年)贈(zèng)予高麗的稱(chēng)號(hào),它與宋朝將高麗使館命名為"小中華館"這一事件緊密相連。高麗基于慕華思想和抵抗遼金的需要,努力派遣使臣與宋朝結(jié)盟,而共同的戰(zhàn)略利益和高麗使臣高水平的詩(shī)文也使宋朝產(chǎn)生了強(qiáng)烈的共鳴,由此"小中華館"誕生在宋麗外交中。這一稱(chēng)謂當(dāng)時(shí)更多地帶有外交色彩,還沒(méi)有成為總體性的文化自覺(jué)。高麗末期,以李穡為代表的高麗儒臣在朱子學(xué)和元明易代的影響下,對(duì)"小中華館"進(jìn)行了重新追述和詮釋,使之超越了宋麗外交的歷史語(yǔ)境,賦予其鮮明的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義和華夷意識(shí)。此后,"小中華"開(kāi)始升華為高麗的身份認(rèn)同和文化體認(rèn),并上升為儒臣士族的政治理想,這反映了新興的儒臣勢(shì)力的崛起。因此,宋代的"小中華館"是后來(lái)朝鮮王朝反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)的"小中華"意識(shí)的思想起點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:"Little China" was originally given to Koryo by Song people during the period of Koryo Wenzong (1046-1083), which was closely related to the event that Koryo Embassy was named "Little China Museum" in Song Dynasty. Based on the thought of Muhua and the need of resisting Liaojin, Koryo made great efforts to send envoys to form an alliance with the Song Dynasty, and the common strategic interests and the high level of poems and writings of Korean envoys also made the Song Dynasty have a strong resonance. Thus, the "Little China Pavilion" was born in Song Li's diplomacy. At that time, the title was more diplomatic, and still not a total cultural consciousness. In the late period of Korea, under the influence of Zhu Zi and Yuan and Ming Dynasty, Li Qiang, a representative of Koryo, restated and annotated the Little China Pavilion, which transcended the historical context of Song Li's diplomacy. Endow it with distinct realistic significance and consciousness of Hua Yi. Since then, Little China began to sublimate into Korean identity and cultural understanding, and rose to the political ideal of Confucian scholars, which reflected the rise of new Confucian forces. Therefore, the Little China Pavilion in the Song Dynasty was the starting point of the consciousness of the Little China, which was emphasized repeatedly by the Korean Dynasty.
【作者單位】： 復(fù)旦大學(xué)歷史系;
【基金】：韓國(guó)國(guó)際交流財(cái)團(tuán)(Korea Foundation)的資助
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K312.33
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本文編號(hào)：2357860