【摘要】：日本是在近代除了西方國(guó)家以外,在亞洲唯一實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化的國(guó)家,也是在面臨著西方列強(qiáng)重重武力威脅下,成功擺脫論為殖民地的危機(jī),惟一一個(gè)走上資本主義道路并迅速實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)家崛起的國(guó)家。從明治維新起邁出了近代化的腳步,到一戰(zhàn)后基本實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)化,日本用了不到50年的時(shí)間走完了西方資本主義國(guó)家需要二、三百年才能走完的現(xiàn)代化道路。它的現(xiàn)代化過(guò)程為眾多學(xué)者所關(guān)注,但在近代所發(fā)動(dòng)的數(shù)次戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),卻為世界人民所詬病。日本能從一個(gè)邊緣小國(guó),發(fā)展成為一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)大國(guó)的原因是多方面的。除了西方國(guó)家的扶持之外,發(fā)動(dòng)對(duì)外戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)進(jìn)行掠奪,也是促進(jìn)其本國(guó)迅速實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)化的一個(gè)途徑。日本從帝國(guó)的擴(kuò)張中獲得了前所未有的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益,戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)成為推動(dòng)其經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要手段。 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的作用是雙方面的,既有促進(jìn)作用,又有阻礙作用。對(duì)于日本來(lái)說(shuō),戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)對(duì)其經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)代化的實(shí)現(xiàn)是利大于弊的。日本通過(guò)中日甲午戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)獲得巨額的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)賠款,日俄戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的勝利給日本帶來(lái)了廣闊的殖民地和工業(yè)原料,第一次世界大戰(zhàn)又為日本的商品打開(kāi)了國(guó)際市場(chǎng)。每一次戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)都給先天經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不足的日本在資本主義的發(fā)展道路上掃清障礙,使其順利實(shí)現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)代化。但日本經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)代化的成果并不是完美無(wú)缺,即戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)不是萬(wàn)能的。日本社會(huì)的許多方面在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中受到破壞和延誤,戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)并不是實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的最佳途徑。
[Abstract]:In modern times, Japan was the only modern country in Asia except the western countries, and it was also facing the threat of a great deal of force from the Western powers that it succeeded in getting rid of the crisis of being a colony. The only country on the capitalist path and rapidly realizing its national rise. From the Meiji Restoration to the basic industrialization after the first World War, Japan took less than 50 years to complete the modernization road that Western capitalist countries need two or three hundred years to complete. Many scholars pay attention to its modernization process, but the wars launched in modern times have been criticized by people all over the world. There are many reasons why Japan has grown from a small marginal country to an economic power. In addition to the support of Western countries, foreign war and plunder is also a way to promote the rapid industrialization of their own country. Japan gained unprecedented economic benefits from the expansion of the empire, and the war became an important means to promote its economic development. The role of war on the economy is dual, both promoting and hindering. For Japan, the war has done more good than harm to the realization of its economic modernization. Japan obtained huge war indemnities through the Sino-Japanese War of Japan. The victory of the Japanese-Russian War brought Japan extensive colonial and industrial raw materials, and the first World War opened up the international market for Japanese goods. Each war cleared the way of capitalism for Japan, which was insufficiently developed, to realize its economic modernization. But the achievement of Japan's economic modernization is not perfect, that is, war is not a panacea. Many aspects of Japanese society were destroyed and delayed in the war. War is not the best way to achieve economic development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K313;F131.3

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