【摘要】： 縱觀俄國十月革命以來的國際關(guān)系史,我們隨處可見滲透與反滲透、顛覆與反顛覆、“西化”“分化”與反“西化”“分化”的身影。正如國內(nèi)知名國際關(guān)系史專家時殷弘教授所指出,20世紀是意識形態(tài)或者資本主義和社會主義兩種意識形態(tài)斗爭的世紀。歷史證實了,日本學者福山的理論著作《歷史的終結(jié)》一書也雄辯地反證了這一觀點。鑒于工人階級社會主義意識形態(tài)的非自發(fā)性以及蘇聯(lián)建立社會主義時經(jīng)濟文化各方面的落后現(xiàn)狀,為了提高人們的共產(chǎn)主義覺悟和鞏固社會主義意識形態(tài),列寧提出了“文化革命”并初步摸索出了一套以“灌輸”論為中心的意識形態(tài)管控模式。斯大林在堅持意識形態(tài)黨性原則的同時,拋棄了列寧時期意識形態(tài)管控政策中民主性和科學性的一面,進一步發(fā)展了其集中性和行政化的一面,最終形成了蘇聯(lián)特有的斯大林式的意識形態(tài)管理模式。 作為一個高度意識形態(tài)化的國家和社會,蘇聯(lián)對社會意識形態(tài)的管控工作傾注了相當大的人力物力,但是由于其本身存在政治高壓和強制色彩、嚴重脫離實際等弊端,未能真正使馬克思主義深入人心。雖然,蘇聯(lián)構(gòu)建的社會意識形態(tài)管控模式隨著蘇聯(lián)的解體也宣告失敗,但是,正如恩格斯所說,“沒有哪一次巨大的災難不是以歷史的進步作為補償?shù)摹?它雖已成歷史但借鑒意義仍在。前車之轍、后車之鑒,本文旨在以蘇聯(lián)興亡的各種史料為基礎,以我國面臨加強和改進社會意識形態(tài)管控工作艱巨任務的現(xiàn)實為背景,反思蘇聯(lián)的社會意識形態(tài)管控模式,從中得出一些可供現(xiàn)實參考的東西。
[Abstract]:Throughout the history of international relations in Russia since the October Revolution, we can see permeation and reverse osmosis, subversion and anti-subversion, westernization, differentiation and anti-westernization. As Professor Shi Yinhong, a well-known domestic expert in the history of international relations, pointed out, the 20th century was a century of ideology or a struggle between capitalism and socialism. History confirms that the Japanese scholar Fukuyama's theoretical work, the end of History, eloquently refutes this view. In view of the non-spontaneity of the socialist ideology of the working class and the backward situation in all aspects of economy and culture at the time of the establishment of socialism in the Soviet Union, in order to raise people's communist consciousness and consolidate the socialist ideology, Lenin put forward "Cultural Revolution" and preliminarily explored a set of ideological control mode centered on "indoctrination" theory. While adhering to the principle of ideological Party spirit, Stalin abandoned the democratic and scientific side of the ideological control policy during Lenin's period, and further developed its centralization and administration. Finally formed the Soviet Union unique Stalinist ideology management mode. As a highly ideological state and society, the Soviet Union devoted considerable manpower and material resources to the control of social ideology, but because of its own political pressure and coercion, it was seriously divorced from reality. The failure to really make Marxism deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Although the social ideology control model constructed by the Soviet Union failed with the disintegration of the Soviet Union, as Engels put it, "there is no great disaster that was not compensated by historical progress." Although it has become a history, but the significance of reference is still there. The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the Soviet Union's mode of social ideology control on the basis of all kinds of historical data of the rise and fall of the Soviet Union and the reality of the arduous task of strengthening and improving the social ideology control in our country. From it, we can find some practical reference.
【學位授予單位】：中南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K512

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