發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-19 13:12

【摘要】： 公益捐助制度是古代雅典的城邦制度之一。它要求雅典的富人在某一年里以貢獻(xiàn)財(cái)產(chǎn)以及時(shí)間的方式來為城邦服務(wù)。本文以公益捐助中最主要的兩項(xiàng)——戰(zhàn)艦捐助和歌隊(duì)捐助為對象,討論了公益捐助制度的起源以及運(yùn)作概況。在這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)上,筆者進(jìn)一步分析了雅典富有階層和平民階層間的關(guān)系以及公益捐助制度對這兩個(gè)階層的關(guān)系所產(chǎn)生的影響。 本文的第一章首先追溯了戰(zhàn)艦捐助制度的起源。公益捐助的起源與雅典民主制的建立密切相關(guān),城邦利用富有階層的傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀,將貴族家庭私人掌控艦船的做法沿用到城邦的公共艦隊(duì),從而建立了戰(zhàn)艦捐助制度。接著筆者繼續(xù)梳理了戰(zhàn)艦捐助制度運(yùn)作和變革的情況。在梳理過程中重點(diǎn)討論了公益捐助人的任命方式,揭示了公益捐助制度中自愿與強(qiáng)制因素并存的特征。 第二章筆者首先討論了歌隊(duì)捐助制度的起源問題。歌隊(duì)捐助制度在僭主時(shí)代已有萌芽,但真正的建立還是要到雅典民主制建立之后。城邦節(jié)日是歌隊(duì)捐助的背景,筆者繼續(xù)論述了歌隊(duì)捐助與雅典各種節(jié)日之間的關(guān)系。另外,雅典的節(jié)日是宣揚(yáng)城邦意識形態(tài)的重要場合,筆者由此分析了歌隊(duì)捐助制度運(yùn)作過程中顯現(xiàn)出的一些城邦觀念。 第三章先是圍繞“追求榮譽(yù)”這一倫理價(jià)值觀分析了富有階層履行公益捐助義務(wù)背后的動(dòng)機(jī),然后考察了公益捐助制度對于雅典民主制的影響。筆者以富有階層和平民階層之間的關(guān)系為視角,分析了公益捐助制度怎樣以制度本身以及演說中的符號對這兩個(gè)階層的關(guān)系產(chǎn)生正面和負(fù)面兩方面的影響。 通過三章的論述,我們可以看到公益捐助作為雅典海軍和雅典節(jié)日的資金來源,對雅典的公共財(cái)政起著非常重要的作用。公益捐助制度一方面是雅典民主制的產(chǎn)物,另一方面又在經(jīng)濟(jì)和意識形態(tài)上對雅典民主制發(fā)生著一定的影響。
[Abstract]:Public donation system is one of the polis systems in ancient Athens. It asked Athens's rich to serve the city in a given year by contributing property and time. In this paper, the origin and operation of the public donation system are discussed, which are the two most important items of public donation-warship donation and song team donation. On this basis, the author further analyzes the relationship between the wealthy and the civilian strata in Athens and the influence of the public donation system on the relationship between the two strata. The first chapter of this paper traces the origin of warship donation system. The origin of the public donation is closely related to the establishment of the Athenian democracy. The polis used the traditional values of the rich class and adopted the practice of private control of ships by the aristocratic family to the public fleet of the city-state, thus establishing the system of warship donation. Then the author continues to comb the warship donation system operation and change. In the process of combing, the author mainly discusses the appointment mode of public welfare donors, and reveals the characteristics of the coexistence of voluntary and compulsory factors in the system of public welfare donations. In the second chapter, the author discusses the origin of the donation system. The donation system of the singing team has sprouted in the era of arrowhead, but the real establishment will be after the establishment of Athenian democracy. The city-state festival is the background of the song team donation, the author continues to discuss the relationship between the song team donation and the Athens festival. In addition, the Athens festival is an important occasion to preach the ideology of the polis, and the author analyzes the concept of the polis in the course of the operation of the donation system of the Song team. The third chapter first analyzes the motivation behind the obligation of the rich to fulfill the obligation of public donation around the ethical value of "pursuing honor", and then examines the influence of the public donation system on the Athenian democracy. From the perspective of the relationship between the rich class and the civilian class, the author analyzes how the system of public welfare donation exerts a positive and negative impact on the relationship between the two strata by the system itself and the symbols in the speech. Through the discussion of three chapters, we can see that public donations, as a source of funds for the Athens Navy and Athens Festival, play a very important role in the public finance of Athens. On the one hand, public donation system is the product of Athenian democracy, on the other hand, it exerts certain influence on Athens democracy in economy and ideology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K125

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 蔣保;;演說與雅典民主政治[J];歷史研究;2006年06期

2 晏紹祥;;演說家與希臘城邦政治[J];歷史研究;2006年06期

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本文編號：2250226