【摘要】：近代早期的英格蘭,處于從農(nóng)業(yè)社會向工業(yè)社會的轉型期,英格蘭的政治、經(jīng)濟、文化發(fā)生了巨大的變化。很多人或因農(nóng)村勞動力飽和被推向城市,或因對城市生活的期望主動融入城市。倫敦作為英格蘭的政治、經(jīng)濟、文化中心,相比其他城市具有得天獨厚的優(yōu)勢。于是大批外來人口進入倫敦,他們的進入首先加快了倫敦的城市化進程,其次城市化進程所帶來的巨量消費,又推動著整個英格蘭的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。值得注意的是,此時倫敦尚處于前工業(yè)化時期,經(jīng)濟的滯后造成其未對外來人口的大量涌入做好準備,于是導致各種社會問題叢生,其中貧困問題加劇、居住條件惡化和社會秩序混亂更是愈演愈烈。英格蘭政府面對各種危機,通過采取多種措施:如提高進入城市門檻,控制倫敦的人口數(shù)量,修訂法律幫助新移民融入倫敦,規(guī)范城市建筑標準,減少火災、瘟疫,這在一定程度上緩解了倫敦出現(xiàn)的社會問題,但限于各種主客觀條件,并未能有效解決上述社會問題。
[Abstract]:In the early modern times, England was in the transition from agricultural society to industrial society. Great changes had taken place in politics, economy and culture in England. Many people are pushed into cities either because of the saturation of rural labor force, or because of their expectation of urban life. As the political, economic and cultural center of England, London has a unique advantage over other cities. As a result, a large number of immigrants entered London. Their entry accelerated the process of urbanization in London, followed by the huge amount of consumption brought about by the process of urbanization, and promoted the economic development of England as a whole. It is worth noting that at this time London is still in a pre-industrial period, and the economic lag has caused it not to be prepared for a large influx of foreign people, which has led to various social problems, in which the problem of poverty has intensified. The deterioration of living conditions and chaos of social order are becoming more and more serious. In the face of various crises, the Government of England has adopted measures such as raising the threshold of entry to the city, controlling the number of people living in London, revising laws to help new immigrants integrate into London, regulating urban building standards, reducing fires and pestilence, This alleviates the social problems in London to a certain extent, but it is limited to various subjective and objective conditions, and fails to solve these social problems effectively.
【學位授予單位】：河南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K561.4

【參考文獻】

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本文編號：2236128