摩洛哥歷史研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-17 10:27
【摘要】：摩洛哥自獨立以來一直是保持高度穩(wěn)定、具有多元文化的北非小國，卻在2011年2月因突尼斯、埃及、利比亞等阿拉伯國家接二連三的“革命浪潮”，而史無前例地出現(xiàn)社會動蕩和抗議浪潮，矛頭直指王室及其高度集中的權(quán)力，聚焦于憲政改革。因此，為了借鑒摩洛哥的歷史經(jīng)驗、學(xué)習(xí)摩洛哥的多元文化政策、夯實中摩傳統(tǒng)友誼的根基、加強中摩兩國的政治關(guān)系與經(jīng)貿(mào)往來，論文依據(jù)歷史研究的多元化趨向和縱深化發(fā)展，采用歷史學(xué)和政治學(xué)交叉融合的研究方式，在認真梳理、細致分析國內(nèi)從新中國成立至今關(guān)于摩洛哥歷史研究得失的基礎(chǔ)上，全面梳理了摩洛哥歷史從古至今的發(fā)展歷程，評述了其中的重要事件及其對摩洛哥歷史發(fā)展進程的影響，并借助國內(nèi)外相關(guān)史料嘗試性地對摩洛哥古代史和當(dāng)代史進行補充和完善。此外，論文還將結(jié)合歷史資料分析摩洛哥歷史上的重要改革，以期吸取其中的經(jīng)驗和教訓(xùn)；并緊密結(jié)合中東變局中的共和制國家與君主制國家的不同命運，分析摩洛哥君主立憲制改革的重要性與必要性。 論文共分成緒論和五個章節(jié)： 第一章主要研究摩洛哥的古代簡史，其中包括史前史（公元前17世紀前）、青銅時代（公元前17世紀至公元前9世紀）、腓尼基人統(tǒng)治時期（公元前9世紀至前4世紀）、柏柏爾王國時期（公元前4世紀至公元42年）、羅馬人統(tǒng)治時期（公元42年至公元533年）和汪達爾人統(tǒng)治時期（公元429～646年），并在此基礎(chǔ)對柏柏爾人的歷史和文化進行簡要分析。 第二章主要研究摩洛哥的中世紀簡史（8世紀至18世紀），其中包括阿拉伯人征服摩洛哥時期（683～788年）、摩洛哥各王朝時期（788～1659年），即伊德里斯王朝（788～1055年）、穆拉比特王朝（1061～1147年）、穆瓦希德王朝（1130～1269年）、馬林王朝（1213～1554年）、薩阿德王朝（1520～1660年）和阿拉維王朝（1660～1830年）。 第三章主要研究摩洛哥近代簡史（19世紀至第一次世界大戰(zhàn)），其中包括西方列強爭奪摩洛哥時期（1830～1912年），即西方列強對摩洛哥的入侵（19世紀）、摩洛哥統(tǒng)治者進行的改革和西方列強對摩洛哥的進一步爭奪，摩洛哥淪為法屬“保護國”（1912年），包括《非斯條約》與《馬德里和約》、法國對摩洛哥的統(tǒng)治、摩洛哥人民反對法國的“保護”制度，接著，分析十九世紀下半葉的摩洛哥改革及其主要舉措、失敗的內(nèi)因與外因。 第四章主要研究摩洛哥現(xiàn)代簡史（第一次世界大戰(zhàn)后至獨立），其中包括里夫共和國（1921～1927年）（建國前后、最后的抗?fàn)帲⒚褡褰夥胚\動的新階段（民族主義運動和民族主義政黨、第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間的民族主義運動）、二戰(zhàn)后的民族解放運動與摩洛哥的獨立（爭取民族獨立的戰(zhàn)斗、民族解放的新高潮和民族國家獨立） 第五章主要研究摩洛哥當(dāng)代簡史（獨立以來的摩洛哥），其中包括穆罕默德五世國王時期（1957～1961年）、哈桑二世國王時期（1961年2月～1999年7月），即20世紀60年代——全面建設(shè)時期、20世紀70年代——鞏固王權(quán)和穩(wěn)定政局時期、20世紀80年代——全面調(diào)整與整頓時期和20世紀90年代——以政治民主化達到社會的安定，以及穆罕默德六世國王時期（1999年7月23日至今）的主要成就，并對西撒哈拉問題的由來及其發(fā)展前景進行分析。 第六章在簡要介紹阿拉伯劇變中的摩洛哥社會狀況的基礎(chǔ)上，，簡要分析摩洛哥的君主立憲制改革及其政權(quán)的合法性。
[Abstract]:Morocco, a small, multicultural North African country that has maintained a high degree of stability since its independence, had an unprecedented wave of social unrest and protest in February 2011 as a result of successive "revolutionary tides" in Tunisia, Egypt and Libya, targeting the royal family and its highly centralized power, focusing on constitutionalism. Therefore, in order to learn from Morocco's historical experience, study Morocco's multi-cultural policy, consolidate the foundation of the traditional friendship between China and Morocco, and strengthen the political relations and economic and trade exchanges between China and Morocco, this paper, based on the diversified trend and deepening development of historical research, adopts the research method of cross-integration of history and politics and combs it carefully. On the basis of a detailed analysis of the gains and losses in the study of Morocco's history from the founding of New China to the present, this paper makes a comprehensive review of the development of Morocco's history from ancient times to the present, comments on the important events and their influence on the development of Morocco's history, and tries to make a tentative study of Morocco's ancient and contemporary history with the help of relevant historical materials at home and abroad. In addition, the paper will analyze the important reforms in Morocco's history with historical data in order to draw lessons from them, and analyze the importance and necessity of Morocco's constitutional monarchy reform closely in the light of the different fates of Republican and monarchical states in the Middle East.
The thesis is divided into five chapters: introduction and introduction.
The first chapter mainly studies the brief history of Morocco, including prehistory (before 17th century BC), Bronze Age (from 17th century BC to 9th century BC), Phoenician period (from 9th century BC to 4th century BC), Berber period (from 4th century BC to 42nd AD), Roman period (from 42nd AD to 533 AD). (4) and the Vandals (429-646 A.D.), and on this basis a brief analysis of the history and culture of the Berbers.
The second chapter mainly studies the brief history of Morocco in the Middle Ages (8th to 18th centuries), including the Arabs'conquest of Morocco (683-788), the Moroccan dynasties (788-1659), namely, the Idris (788-1055), the Mullabit (1061-1147), the Muvahid (1130-1269), the Malin (1213-155). 4 years), the Saad Dynasty (1520~1660 years) and the Al Wei Dynasty (1660~1830 years).
The third chapter mainly studies the modern history of Morocco (19th century to the First World War), including the period when the Western powers contended for Morocco (1830-1912), namely, the invasion of Morocco by the Western powers (19th century), the reform of the Moroccan rulers and the further struggle of the Western powers against Morocco, Morocco became a French "protectorate". (1912), including the Treaty of Fisch and the Madrid Peace Treaty, the French rule over Morocco, and the Moroccan people's opposition to the French "protection" system. Then, the paper analyzes the Moroccan reform in the second half of the nineteenth century and its main measures, the internal and external causes of failure.
Chapter Four mainly studies the modern history of Morocco (from post-World War I to independence), including the Republic of Rif (1921-1927) (the final struggle before and after the founding of the People's Republic), the new stage of the national liberation movement (nationalist movement and nationalist party, nationalist movement during the Second World War), and the national liberation after World War II. The Movement and Morocco's Independence (Fighting for National Independence, New Climax of National Liberation and National Independence)
The fifth chapter mainly studies the contemporary history of Morocco (Morocco since independence), including the period of King Mohammed V (1957-1961), King Hassan II (February 1961-July 1999), that is, the 1960s-the period of comprehensive construction, the 1970s-the period of consolidating monarchy and stabilizing political situation, the 1980s-the 20th century. - the period of comprehensive adjustment and rectification and the 1990s-political democratization to achieve social stability, as well as the main achievements of the period of King Mohammed VI (July 23, 1999 to date), and the origin of the Western Sahara problem and its development prospects are analyzed.
Chapter 6 briefly introduces the social situation of Morocco in the Arab upheaval, and briefly analyzes the constitutional monarchy reform and the legitimacy of the regime in Morocco.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K416.0
本文編號：2187316
[Abstract]:Morocco, a small, multicultural North African country that has maintained a high degree of stability since its independence, had an unprecedented wave of social unrest and protest in February 2011 as a result of successive "revolutionary tides" in Tunisia, Egypt and Libya, targeting the royal family and its highly centralized power, focusing on constitutionalism. Therefore, in order to learn from Morocco's historical experience, study Morocco's multi-cultural policy, consolidate the foundation of the traditional friendship between China and Morocco, and strengthen the political relations and economic and trade exchanges between China and Morocco, this paper, based on the diversified trend and deepening development of historical research, adopts the research method of cross-integration of history and politics and combs it carefully. On the basis of a detailed analysis of the gains and losses in the study of Morocco's history from the founding of New China to the present, this paper makes a comprehensive review of the development of Morocco's history from ancient times to the present, comments on the important events and their influence on the development of Morocco's history, and tries to make a tentative study of Morocco's ancient and contemporary history with the help of relevant historical materials at home and abroad. In addition, the paper will analyze the important reforms in Morocco's history with historical data in order to draw lessons from them, and analyze the importance and necessity of Morocco's constitutional monarchy reform closely in the light of the different fates of Republican and monarchical states in the Middle East.
The thesis is divided into five chapters: introduction and introduction.
The first chapter mainly studies the brief history of Morocco, including prehistory (before 17th century BC), Bronze Age (from 17th century BC to 9th century BC), Phoenician period (from 9th century BC to 4th century BC), Berber period (from 4th century BC to 42nd AD), Roman period (from 42nd AD to 533 AD). (4) and the Vandals (429-646 A.D.), and on this basis a brief analysis of the history and culture of the Berbers.
The second chapter mainly studies the brief history of Morocco in the Middle Ages (8th to 18th centuries), including the Arabs'conquest of Morocco (683-788), the Moroccan dynasties (788-1659), namely, the Idris (788-1055), the Mullabit (1061-1147), the Muvahid (1130-1269), the Malin (1213-155). 4 years), the Saad Dynasty (1520~1660 years) and the Al Wei Dynasty (1660~1830 years).
The third chapter mainly studies the modern history of Morocco (19th century to the First World War), including the period when the Western powers contended for Morocco (1830-1912), namely, the invasion of Morocco by the Western powers (19th century), the reform of the Moroccan rulers and the further struggle of the Western powers against Morocco, Morocco became a French "protectorate". (1912), including the Treaty of Fisch and the Madrid Peace Treaty, the French rule over Morocco, and the Moroccan people's opposition to the French "protection" system. Then, the paper analyzes the Moroccan reform in the second half of the nineteenth century and its main measures, the internal and external causes of failure.
Chapter Four mainly studies the modern history of Morocco (from post-World War I to independence), including the Republic of Rif (1921-1927) (the final struggle before and after the founding of the People's Republic), the new stage of the national liberation movement (nationalist movement and nationalist party, nationalist movement during the Second World War), and the national liberation after World War II. The Movement and Morocco's Independence (Fighting for National Independence, New Climax of National Liberation and National Independence)
The fifth chapter mainly studies the contemporary history of Morocco (Morocco since independence), including the period of King Mohammed V (1957-1961), King Hassan II (February 1961-July 1999), that is, the 1960s-the period of comprehensive construction, the 1970s-the period of consolidating monarchy and stabilizing political situation, the 1980s-the 20th century. - the period of comprehensive adjustment and rectification and the 1990s-political democratization to achieve social stability, as well as the main achievements of the period of King Mohammed VI (July 23, 1999 to date), and the origin of the Western Sahara problem and its development prospects are analyzed.
Chapter 6 briefly introduces the social situation of Morocco in the Arab upheaval, and briefly analyzes the constitutional monarchy reform and the legitimacy of the regime in Morocco.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K416.0
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