本文選題：重構(gòu) + 后勤體系　； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文

【摘要】： 公元前3世紀(jì),羅馬力量開始崛起于地中海區(qū)域,在之后不到200年的時(shí)間里,席卷整個(gè)地中海區(qū)域,為羅馬帝國的建立打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。羅馬后勤以第一次布匿戰(zhàn)爭為分界線,在此之前大體以個(gè)人為主,幾乎沒有后勤體系的概念,戰(zhàn)爭后期,羅馬跨過海峽進(jìn)入西西里和撒丁尼亞等意大利海外地區(qū)作戰(zhàn),維持軍隊(duì)的作戰(zhàn)能力所需要的組織和能力要求后勤體系的建立,本文主要探討了羅馬在地中海擴(kuò)張的共和國中、后期的后勤體系,通過一定數(shù)據(jù)分析重構(gòu)這樣一個(gè)體系,并淺析其組織,經(jīng)濟(jì)性上的特點(diǎn)。 重構(gòu)后勤體系需要考慮的因素是多方面的,本文首先從對羅馬單一軍團(tuán)的基本消耗入手,由此推斷單一軍團(tuán)對戰(zhàn)爭必須物資的需求,然后以此為基礎(chǔ),分析后勤運(yùn)輸?shù)母鞣N方式各自的可能性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性,重建儲存和運(yùn)輸?shù)捏w系。其次,軍隊(duì)需要的大量物資的籌集是另一個(gè)關(guān)鍵,為了減輕運(yùn)輸?shù)膲毫捅ＷC軍隊(duì)供應(yīng)的實(shí)時(shí)性,建立一套前方、后方相結(jié)合的多層次供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)是必然結(jié)果。其三,戰(zhàn)爭對羅馬士兵的損耗。通過對羅馬士兵的收入分析,羅馬政府通過物質(zhì)利益原則引誘平民長期為國家提供軍事服務(wù),提高軍隊(duì)的專業(yè)化程度。這樣,通過對籌集,運(yùn)輸,兵力補(bǔ)充多方面的分析,從整體上揭示共和國中、后期羅馬軍隊(duì)后勤的體系及其特點(diǎn)。 羅馬在擴(kuò)張中發(fā)現(xiàn)問題,并逐漸找到滿足戰(zhàn)爭需求的適合自身的后勤方式,首要強(qiáng)調(diào)后勤的經(jīng)濟(jì)性,通過同盟和被征服地區(qū),轉(zhuǎn)嫁羅馬國家所必須負(fù)擔(dān)的戰(zhàn)爭成本,并選擇適宜的調(diào)集手段和物資來源,同時(shí)兼顧效率,突出國家調(diào)集者的身份,宏觀組織調(diào)運(yùn)物資,最大限度的利用廣闊疆域內(nèi)的有利因素。同樣在士兵方面,將士兵從平民中剝離出來,用有限的資源付出換取戰(zhàn)斗力的大幅提升。這樣一種經(jīng)濟(jì)與效率相交織的后勤理念成就了羅馬在大征服開始時(shí)候的軍事奇跡。
[Abstract]:In the third century BC, Roman forces began to rise in the Mediterranean region, and in less than 200 years later, they swept the whole Mediterranean region, laid a solid material foundation for the establishment of the Roman Empire. Roman logistics took the first Punic War as the dividing line, and before that it was largely personal, with almost no concept of a logistics system. In the latter part of the war, Rome crossed the Strait to fight in Italy's overseas regions, such as Sicily and Sardinia. The organization and capability required to maintain the operational capability of the armed forces require the establishment of a logistics system. This paper mainly discusses the late logistics system of Rome in the expanding republic of the Mediterranean Sea, and reconstructs such a system through certain data analysis. And analyzes its organization, the economical characteristic. There are many factors that need to be considered in reconstructing the logistics system. This paper starts with the basic consumption of the Roman single Army, and then deduces the demand of the war material for the single Legion, and then takes this as the basis. Analyze the possibility and economy of various modes of logistics transportation, and rebuild the system of storage and transportation. In order to reduce the pressure of transportation and ensure the real-time supply of the army, it is inevitable to establish a multi-level supply system which combines the front and rear areas. Third, the war on the loss of Roman soldiers. By analyzing the income of Roman soldiers, the Roman government, through the principle of material benefit, induces civilians to provide military service to the country for a long time, and enhances the specialization of the army. In this way, through the analysis of the collection, transportation and replenishment of troops, the system and characteristics of the logistics of the Roman army in the middle and late period of the Republic are revealed as a whole. Rome discovered problems in its expansion and gradually found its own logistics to meet the needs of the war, emphasizing primarily the economy of logistics, and shifting the cost of war that the Roman state had to bear through alliances and subjugated areas. And choose the appropriate mobilization means and material sources, at the same time take into account the efficiency, highlight the identity of the national mobilizing, macro-organization to transport materials, and maximize the use of a wide range of favorable factors. On the other hand, soldiers were stripped from the civilian population, with limited resources in exchange for significant increases in combat effectiveness. Such a combination of economic and efficiency logistics led to Rome's military miracle at the beginning of the Conquest.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：K126

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