本文選題：以色列 + 大屠殺��； 參考：《上海社會科學院》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 大屠殺是現(xiàn)代人類社會發(fā)生的一次種族滅絕性質(zhì)的屠殺性事件。它不僅是猶太民族歷史上的慘痛記憶,更是人類共有的歷史遺產(chǎn)。隨著戰(zhàn)后人類社會對大屠殺的深刻反思,歐美及以色列等國家開始將大屠殺教育納入國民教育中。 早期以色列社會因大量大屠殺幸存者的存在而處于大屠殺的環(huán)境記憶中,大屠殺教育很大程度上被故意邊緣化了。早期以色列大屠殺教育相對弱化大屠殺內(nèi)容而強調(diào)英雄主義價值觀,同時還體現(xiàn)出明顯的錫安主義特征。這一情況主要是當時以色列政府基于國家和民族需要做出的政策選擇造成的。1961年的艾希曼審判對以色列社會產(chǎn)生了很大的沖擊,并潛在地影響了以色列大屠殺教育的發(fā)展。 1977年利庫德上臺后,隨著一系列相關(guān)法律和政策的出現(xiàn),以色列大屠殺教育發(fā)生了很大的變化。這一變化有著以色列社會發(fā)展需要和中東持續(xù)沖突的背景,是隨著環(huán)境記憶的自然消逝、民族融合問題的出現(xiàn)等情況得以進一步發(fā)展和深化的。目前,以色列已經(jīng)形成以亞德瓦謝姆大屠殺紀念館為中心的全國大屠殺教育網(wǎng)絡(luò)。以色列法定的、深刻的大屠殺教育也已在以色列形成全民的大屠殺記憶,并通過強調(diào)大屠殺的獨特性、民族性以及建立與錫安主義的聯(lián)系來樹立以色列人對國家和民族的認同。而以色列大屠殺教育的國際影響,在推動大屠殺記憶全人類共有的同時,也為以色列的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造了良好的國際環(huán)境。 目前,以色列國內(nèi)修正主義歷史課本的出現(xiàn),后錫安主義思潮以及國內(nèi)外否定大屠殺言論都對以色列大屠殺教育的進一步發(fā)展造成了一定的沖擊。然而,隨著世界新一輪反猶主義等問題的出現(xiàn),以色列大屠殺教育仍將繼續(xù)被強化。但其發(fā)展很大程度上仍受到國內(nèi)外政治環(huán)境,特別是中東持續(xù)沖突的影響。本文認為,某種程度上,以色列功利性地利用了大屠殺教育。其次,以色列對大屠殺排他性地運用有將大屠殺私有化的趨勢,并促使以色列形成一種病態(tài)的以自我為中心的民族主義傾向,而以色列的國家行為也與大屠殺教育意義形成對立。最后,以色列大屠殺教育在很大程度上形成了以色列人的“馬薩達情結(jié)”,而這對中東和平進程,乃至國際政治環(huán)境都造成了不良的影響。 借鑒以色列大屠殺教育的經(jīng)驗,中國需要進一步深化對相關(guān)戰(zhàn)爭歷史的認識,并進行相關(guān)的法制建設(shè)和教育網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè),深入開展相關(guān)的學術(shù)研究,以豐富多樣的教育內(nèi)容和形式推進中國相關(guān)教育的發(fā)展和深化。同時,注意正確培育民族主義熱情,在擴大這一戰(zhàn)爭歷史記憶國際影響的基礎(chǔ)上,為中國的發(fā)展和世界的長久和平貢獻力量。 大屠殺是個悲劇,我們?nèi)孕枰M一步反思和深化對大屠殺的認識。人類社會的和平和發(fā)展需要從大屠殺中汲取教訓。大屠殺教育告訴人類最重要的兩點是:愛好和平和尊重差異性。記取大屠殺,不僅要防止類似悲劇的重演,更是要讓人類生活在一個和平、平等的新地球上!
[Abstract]:The massacre is a genocidal massacre in modern human society. It is not only a painful memory in the history of the Jewish nation, but also a common historical heritage of human beings. With the profound reflection on the massacre in the post-war human society, the Holocaust education has been brought into the national education by the European and American and Israeli countries.
The early Israeli society was in the environmental memory of massacre for the existence of a large number of Holocaust survivors, and the Holocaust education was largely marginalized. The early Israeli massacre education was relatively weak in the massacre and emphasized heroism values, while also showing obvious Zionist features. This is a major situation. At that time, the Seaman trial of the Israeli government, based on the policy choices made by the national and national needs, had a great impact on the Israeli society in.1961 and had a potential impact on the development of the Israeli massacre education.
After the advent of Likud in 1977, with the emergence of a series of relevant laws and policies, the Israeli massacre education has changed greatly. This change has the background of the needs of the social development of Israel and the continuing conflict in the Middle East. With the natural fading of environmental memory and the emergence of the problem of national integration, the situation of the emergence of the problem of national integration has been further developed and deep. At present, Israel has formed a national massacre education network centered on the adewazham massacre. Israel's legal, profound Holocaust education has also formed a mass memory of the Holocaust in Israel, and is established by emphasizing the uniqueness of the massacre, ethnicity, and the establishment of a link with Zionism. The international impact of the Israeli massacre education, while promoting the Holocaust memory of all human beings, has created a good international environment for the development of Israel.
At present, the emergence of the Israeli revisionist historical textbooks, the post Zionism and the denial of the massacre at home and abroad have caused a certain impact on the further development of the Israeli massacre education. However, with the emergence of a new round of anti Semitism and other problems in the world, the Israeli massacre education will continue to be strengthened. To a great extent, development is still affected by the political environment at home and abroad, especially the continuing conflict in the Middle East. This article believes that, to a certain extent, Israel uses the massacre education utilitarianism. Secondly, Israel's use of the Holocaust to privatize the Holocaust in the Holocaust and to promote Israel to form a morbid state of self. In the end, the Israeli massacre education, to a large extent, formed the "Masada complex" of the Israelites, which had a bad influence on the Middle East peace process and even the international political environment.
Drawing on the experience of the Israeli massacre education, China needs to further deepen the understanding of the history of the related war, carry out relevant legal construction and educational network construction, carry out relevant academic research in depth, and promote the development and deepening of related education in China by enriching various educational contents and forms. At the same time, we should pay attention to the correct cultivation of the nation. The enthusiasm of ISM has contributed to the development of China and the long-term peace of the world on the basis of expanding the international influence of this war's historical memory.
The massacre is a tragedy, and we still need to further reflect and deepen our understanding of the Holocaust. The peace and development of human society need to draw lessons from the Holocaust. The most important two points of the Holocaust education are: peace loving and respect for differences. The Holocaust is not only to prevent similar tragedies, but also to let human beings Live on a new earth of peace and equality!
【學位授予單位】：上海社會科學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：K382.52

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前1條

1 葛淑珍;猶太人抗擊“否認納粹屠猶”研究[D];南京大學;2011年

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本文編號：2033106