本文選題：限制戰(zhàn)略武器談判 + 莫斯科會(huì)議��； 參考：《華東師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：核武器的出現(xiàn)不僅改變了美國國家戰(zhàn)略,也改變了冷戰(zhàn)進(jìn)程。核武器使美國擁有戰(zhàn)略優(yōu)勢(shì),同時(shí)也增加了蘇聯(lián)的不安全感。雙方的核軍備競(jìng)賽愈演愈烈。為了防止核戰(zhàn)爭的爆發(fā),從艾森豪威爾政府開始,歷屆政府都考慮對(duì)核武器加以限制。在尼克松總統(tǒng)任期內(nèi),美蘇通過限制戰(zhàn)略武器談判,達(dá)成了反彈道導(dǎo)彈條約和限制戰(zhàn)略進(jìn)攻性武器的協(xié)定。本文通過研究尼克松政府時(shí)期的美蘇限制戰(zhàn)略武器談判,對(duì)談判過程和結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析,揭示了限制戰(zhàn)略武器會(huì)談與緩和的關(guān)系。 第一章首先回顧了尼克松政府以前美國幾任總統(tǒng)的核軍備政策的特點(diǎn),描述了美國的核軍備政策的發(fā)展過程。隨著蘇聯(lián)核武器的發(fā)展,美國喪失了核武器的優(yōu)勢(shì)地位,同時(shí)美國逐漸加強(qiáng)了對(duì)核武器的限制。第二章主要探討美國對(duì)于限制戰(zhàn)略武器談判的準(zhǔn)備工作和赫爾辛基的第一輪談判。第三章敘述了談判雙方由于利益沖突使得會(huì)談陷入了僵局。在國際國內(nèi)因素的共同作用下,雙方逐漸取得共識(shí),并最終達(dá)成協(xié)議。結(jié)語部分總結(jié)了限制戰(zhàn)略武器會(huì)談的歷史意義,指出會(huì)談推動(dòng)了美國和蘇聯(lián)緩和的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The emergence of nuclear weapons not only changed the national strategy of the United States, but also the Cold War process. Nuclear weapons give the United States a strategic advantage and increase the Soviet Union's sense of insecurity. The nuclear arms race between the two sides has intensified. In order to prevent the outbreak of nuclear war, since the Eisenhower administration, successive governments have considered nuclear weapons restrictions. During President Nixon's term, the United States and the Soviet Union reached an agreement on an anti-ballistic missile treaty and a strategic offensive arms limitation treaty through strategic arms limitation negotiations. This paper analyzes the negotiation process and results of the U.S.-Soviet strategic arms limitation negotiations during the Nixon administration, and reveals the relationship between the strategic arms limitation talks and the detente. The first chapter reviews the characteristics of the nuclear arms policy of the Nixon administration and describes the development process of the American nuclear arms policy. With the development of nuclear weapons in the Soviet Union, the United States lost its superiority in nuclear weapons and gradually strengthened its restrictions on nuclear weapons. The second chapter mainly discusses the preparation of the Strategic Arms limitation negotiations and the first round of Helsinki negotiations. Chapter three describes the deadlock of the talks due to the conflict of interest between the two sides. Under the joint action of international and domestic factors, the two sides gradually reached a consensus and finally reached an agreement. The conclusion summarizes the historical significance of Strategic Arms limitation talks and points out that the talks promoted the development of relaxation between the United States and the Soviet Union.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：E712;K712

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