本文選題：蘇維埃政權(quán) + 斗爭(zhēng)　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文

【摘要】： 十月革命前俄國(guó)東正教作為俄國(guó)的國(guó)教,擁有近億人的信徒,對(duì)俄國(guó)的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化都有著重要的影響。在封建時(shí)期,統(tǒng)治階級(jí)為了利用宗教幫助自己在思想上統(tǒng)治人民,因此賦予了俄國(guó)東正教會(huì)及教士很多特權(quán)和財(cái)產(chǎn),以對(duì)其進(jìn)行籠絡(luò)和獎(jiǎng)賞,使其成為封建政權(quán)的附庸。十九世紀(jì)的俄國(guó)處于農(nóng)奴制瓦解和崩潰階段,資本主義開始產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展。俄國(guó)人民群眾起義接連不斷,革命運(yùn)動(dòng)蓬勃發(fā)展,于是封建統(tǒng)治者加大了對(duì)俄國(guó)東正教教會(huì)的扶植,以期教會(huì)幫助維護(hù)其統(tǒng)治。進(jìn)入二十世紀(jì),俄國(guó)革命形勢(shì)更加高漲,沙皇統(tǒng)治日益衰落,面對(duì)突變的形勢(shì),俄國(guó)東正教會(huì)希望能維護(hù)既有的權(quán)利并盡可能爭(zhēng)取到更多利益,于是在1917年二月革命后召開了中斷兩百多年的全俄宗教會(huì)議。但在會(huì)議期間,十月革命爆發(fā),無產(chǎn)階級(jí)建立了蘇維埃政權(quán),這使得俄國(guó)東正教會(huì)陷入一片慌亂,匆忙推選出大牧首,以期面對(duì)突變的局勢(shì)。但是由于蘇維埃政權(quán)和俄國(guó)東正教會(huì)雙方在世界觀、意識(shí)形態(tài)等立場(chǎng)方面存在巨大的矛盾,因此蘇維埃政權(quán)根據(jù)當(dāng)時(shí)的國(guó)內(nèi)和國(guó)際條件,開始對(duì)俄國(guó)東正教會(huì)進(jìn)行斗爭(zhēng)。蘇維埃政權(quán)通過頒布法律條令,將俄國(guó)東正教會(huì)在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化上的特權(quán)逐一取消,并沒收了教會(huì)大量的土地和財(cái)產(chǎn),使其成為一個(gè)純粹的宗教組織,再也無力與蘇維埃政權(quán)抗衡。同時(shí)蘇維埃政權(quán)也因斗爭(zhēng)了俄國(guó)東正教會(huì)得以進(jìn)一步的鞏固。
[Abstract]:Before the October Revolution, the Russian Orthodox Church, as the Russian state religion, had nearly 100 million followers, which had an important influence on Russian politics, economy and culture. During the feudal period, the ruling class, in order to use religion to help them rule the people ideologically, gave the Russian Orthodox Church and priests a lot of privileges and property to win over and reward them and make them become vassals of the feudal regime. In the 19th century Russia was in the stage of the collapse and collapse of serfdom, and capitalism began to emerge and develop. The Russian masses revolted one after another, and the revolutionary movement flourished, so the feudal rulers strengthened the support of the Russian Orthodox Church in the hope that the Church would help maintain its rule. In the 20th century, the Russian revolution became even higher and the czarist rule declined day by day. In the face of the sudden situation, the Russian Orthodox Church hoped to safeguard its existing rights and strive for as many benefits as possible. So after the revolution of February 1917, the all-Russian religious conference was held for more than 200 years. But during the October Revolution, when the proletariat established Soviet power, the Russian Orthodox Church was in a panic and hurriedly elected its leader in the hope of facing a sudden change. However, because of the great contradiction between the Soviet regime and the Russian Orthodox Church in the positions of world outlook, ideology and so on, the Soviet regime began to struggle against the Russian Orthodox Church according to the domestic and international conditions at that time. By issuing legal decrees, the Soviet regime abolished the political, economic and cultural privileges of the Russian Orthodox Church one by one, and confiscated a great deal of the land and property of the church, making it a purely religious organization. No longer able to compete with the Soviet regime. At the same time, the Soviet regime was also further consolidated by the struggle of the Russian Orthodox Church.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：K512.5

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 陳小玉;無神論的確立與東正教的衰落[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2011年

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本文編號(hào)：1917321