本文選題：孟加拉 + 柴明達(dá)爾��； 參考：《河北大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：柴明達(dá)爾是1947年以前印度農(nóng)村一種具有特殊權(quán)力的地方階層，由該階層居主導(dǎo)地位的農(nóng)村賦稅征收和管理制度，亦被稱為柴明達(dá)爾制度。因自然條件差異，，柴明達(dá)爾在不同區(qū)域的形態(tài)也有所不同。其中孟加拉的柴明達(dá)爾最具代表性。 18世紀(jì)英國東印度公司占領(lǐng)孟加拉后，最初棄用了柴明達(dá)爾，委派自己雇員征稅賦稅，企圖實現(xiàn)直接管理。但這種做法成本過高，且賦稅征收效果不佳。迫不得已，殖民者開始改造和利用原有的柴明達(dá)爾階層，實施間接統(tǒng)治。實踐表明，殖民者對孟加拉柴明達(dá)爾的改造非常成功，他們成為政府的得力助手。此后，殖民者將孟加拉地區(qū)的經(jīng)驗推廣到其他區(qū)域，變?yōu)楣芾碛《绒r(nóng)村的主要統(tǒng)治形式。 18世紀(jì)孟加拉柴明達(dá)爾階層處于不斷變化的階段。他們在失去原來傳統(tǒng)性地方管理人的同時，也沒有確立起資本主義性質(zhì)的農(nóng)業(yè)資本家身份,而是處于兩者之間的過渡狀態(tài)。對他們的研究，可以揭示孟加拉農(nóng)村從自然經(jīng)濟向殖民地經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)變的進程。
[Abstract]:Chaimingdahl is a kind of local stratum with special power in Indian countryside before 1947. It is also called Chaimingdahl system. Due to the difference of natural conditions, Chaimingdahl has different forms in different regions. Bangladesh's Chaimingdahl is the most representative. After the British East India Company occupied Bangladesh in the 18th century, it initially abandoned Chaimindal and appointed its own employees to tax and tax in an attempt to achieve direct management. But the cost is too high, and the effect of tax collection is not good. Forced, the colonists began to transform and use the original Chaimingdahl class, the implementation of indirect rule. Practice has shown that the colonists transformed Bengal Chaimingdahl very successfully, and they became the government's right-hand-hand. Since then, the colonists have extended the experience of Bangladesh to other regions and become the dominant form of governance in rural India. The Chaimingdahl class in Bangladesh in the 18 th century was at a constantly changing stage. While they lost their traditional local managers, they did not establish their capitalist status as agricultural capitalists, but were in a transitional state between the two. Their research can reveal the process of the transition from natural economy to colonial economy in rural Bangladesh.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：K351.4

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

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3 趙克毅 ,管敬緒;論孟加拉的柴明達(dá)爾制度[J];史學(xué)月刊;1981年04期

本文編號：1917523