本文選題：阿富汗 + 民族主義�。� 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古民族大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：民族主義與現(xiàn)代化是近代以來(lái)世界歷史的兩大運(yùn)動(dòng),兩者相伴而生。在兩者的歷史交往中,民族主義為現(xiàn)代化注入了多樣性,現(xiàn)代化不斷重新塑造著民族主義。民族主義與現(xiàn)代化的這一交往特征在阿富汗有著生動(dòng)的體現(xiàn)。現(xiàn)代阿富汗民族的建構(gòu)始于18世紀(jì)中葉阿富汗杜蘭尼王朝的建立,而阿富汗民族主義的興起則源于對(duì)西方強(qiáng)勢(shì)文化挑戰(zhàn)的本能回應(yīng)。作為阿富汗民族主義訴求之一的“現(xiàn)代化”于19世紀(jì)中期開(kāi)始啟動(dòng),這反過(guò)來(lái)又賦予民族主義以“現(xiàn)代性”,隨著“青年阿富汗派”的形成,阿富汗民族主義基本形成。與此同時(shí),阿馬努拉激進(jìn)的現(xiàn)代化改革造成了阿富汗民族主義的離散。在納第爾國(guó)王和查希爾國(guó)王前期,阿富汗民族主義被聚合到國(guó)家層面。但是在“十年憲政”期間,現(xiàn)代化的悖論,以及阿富汗與外部世界交往的失衡,使阿富汗民族主義再次出現(xiàn)了離散現(xiàn)象,群眾性的民族主義開(kāi)始挑戰(zhàn)國(guó)家民族主義的合法性。1973年政變后,達(dá)烏德試圖將離散的民族主義再次聚合到國(guó)家層面,但以失敗告終�！八脑赂锩焙�,不僅阿富汗民族主義的行為主體、形式發(fā)生重大轉(zhuǎn)變,阿富汗民族主義與現(xiàn)代化的交往特征產(chǎn)生變異,由相互促進(jìn)變?yōu)橄嗷ハ魅�。蘇聯(lián)入侵,“塔利班”掌權(quán)更加劇了這一趨勢(shì)。2001年阿富汗戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)后,民族主義與現(xiàn)代化的交往出現(xiàn)了歷史的契機(jī),但是兩者交往的文明化有待于民族主義自覺(jué)性的提升,以及國(guó)際社會(huì)的支持。
[Abstract]:Nationalism and modernization are two movements in modern world history. In the historical contact between the two, nationalism infused diversity into modernization, and modernization constantly reshaped nationalism. This characteristic of nationalism and modernization is vividly embodied in Afghanistan. The construction of the modern Afghan nation began in the middle of the 18th century with the establishment of the Duraney dynasty in Afghanistan, and the rise of Afghan nationalism originated from the instinctive response to the challenge of Western culture. "Modernization", one of the demands of Afghan nationalism, started in the middle of 19th century, which in turn gave nationalism "modernity". With the formation of "Young Afghan faction", Afghan nationalism basically formed. At the same time, Amanullah's radical modernisation led to the fragmentation of Afghan nationalism. In the early days of King Nadir and King Zahir, Afghan nationalism was converged at the national level. But during the decade of Constitutionalism, the paradox of modernization, and the imbalance in Afghanistan's engagement with the outside world, led to the resurgence of the phenomenon of separation of Afghan nationalism. Mass nationalism has begun to challenge the legitimacy of national nationalism. After the 1973 coup, Daud tried to reunite discrete nationalism to the national level, but failed. After the "April Revolution", not only the main actors of Afghan nationalism, but also the interaction characteristics of Afghan nationalism and modernization changed from mutual promotion to mutual weakening. The Soviet Union invaded and the "Taliban" came to power, adding to this trend. After the war in Afghanistan in 2001, there was a historical opportunity for nationalistic and modern exchanges, but the civilisation of the exchanges between the two had yet to be enhanced by nationalistic consciousness. And the support of the international community.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K372

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