本文選題：區(qū)域開發(fā) + 五年計劃��； 參考：《重慶師范大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：區(qū)域開發(fā)是一個復雜的系統(tǒng)工程,是一定地區(qū)內(nèi)資源的綜合開發(fā)利用過程,有系統(tǒng)性、整體性、層次性、結構性、計劃性、戰(zhàn)略性、綜合性等特性。西伯利亞資源豐富、地理位置獨特,是俄羅斯重要的地區(qū)。資源豐富的西伯利亞的開發(fā)卻是經(jīng)歷了一個漫長的過程,沙俄政府開發(fā)的規(guī)模和影響都很小。蘇聯(lián)成立后,歷屆領導人也都十分重視西伯利亞的開發(fā)。在斯大林時期蘇聯(lián)政府對西伯利亞的開發(fā),是工業(yè)化時期蘇聯(lián)大規(guī)模區(qū)域開發(fā)的一次重要嘗試,開發(fā)模式對以后歷屆蘇聯(lián)政府產(chǎn)生了極其重要的影響。 在一個上千萬平方公里工業(yè)落后的區(qū)域中,蘇聯(lián)政府從全局和長遠目標出發(fā),統(tǒng)一規(guī)劃和部署,通過制定多個五年計劃使西伯利亞區(qū)域開發(fā)順利實現(xiàn)。前三個五年的計劃是在相對和平的情況下進行的,西伯利亞與遠東各個方面的發(fā)展也都取得了很好的成績。在三五計劃實施了三年后,第二次世界大戰(zhàn)爆發(fā),戰(zhàn)爭打破了蘇聯(lián)的社會建設步伐,但是西伯利亞與遠東作為戰(zhàn)爭的大后方則進入了快速的發(fā)展階段,并為蘇聯(lián)最終取得戰(zhàn)爭的勝利做出了自己重大的貢獻。戰(zhàn)爭結束,國家的政策重新傾向西部的歐洲部分,西伯利亞與遠東的發(fā)展速度放緩。在計劃體制下,國家有效地集中人力、物力、財力開發(fā)西伯利亞。西伯利亞也是蘇聯(lián)高度集中的計劃體制的受益者。政府在開發(fā)過程中還設計了區(qū)域性生產(chǎn)綜合體的新型機制,使西伯利亞開發(fā)順利進行并盡快地產(chǎn)生經(jīng)濟效果。但是,計劃體制也給西伯利亞的發(fā)展帶來了消極的影響,優(yōu)先發(fā)展重工業(yè)、片面追求數(shù)量指標的發(fā)展模式也給西伯利亞區(qū)域開發(fā)帶來了消極影響。 總體上看,斯大林時期西伯利亞的工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展大大改變了這一地區(qū)的面貌,使其在蘇聯(lián)經(jīng)濟中的地位逐年提高,對蘇聯(lián)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的貢獻越來越大。工業(yè)上,燃料動力、水力和礦物質(zhì)資源,是工業(yè)化代發(fā)展的基礎。農(nóng)業(yè)上,西伯利亞的土地資源豐富,是國家在東部一個新興的糧食生產(chǎn)基地。相對與以后大規(guī)模的開發(fā),這一時期僅僅是一個過渡。正是由于這一時期的建設,才為后來的大規(guī)模開發(fā)提供了有力的支撐。 今天,世界經(jīng)濟一體化,這就對區(qū)域的開發(fā)提出了新的要求。區(qū)域經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展必須符合時代潮流,也要符合中國的國情。為此我們國家提出了以人為本,樹立全面、協(xié)調(diào)、可持續(xù)的科學發(fā)展觀。科學發(fā)展觀為現(xiàn)階段區(qū)域經(jīng)濟發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略注入了新的內(nèi)涵。在人與自然的關系上,要求遵循的是人與自然和諧共存,可持續(xù)發(fā)展的準則。區(qū)域開發(fā)在科學發(fā)展觀的指導下,要調(diào)整發(fā)展思路,轉變發(fā)展模式。只有堅持以人為本的原則,以改革和創(chuàng)新為動力,才能實現(xiàn)社會全面和諧發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Regional development is a complex system engineering, which is the process of comprehensive development and utilization of resources in a certain area. It has the characteristics of systematization, integrity, hierarchy, structure, planning, strategy, comprehensiveness and so on. Siberia is an important region of Russia because of its rich resources and unique geographical location. The exploitation of resource-rich Siberia has gone through a long process, the scale and influence of the Russian government are very small. After the founding of the Soviet Union, successive leaders also attached great importance to the development of Siberia. The exploitation of Siberia by the Soviet government in Stalin's time was an important attempt in the large-scale development of the Soviet Union during the industrialization period, and the development model had an extremely important influence on the successive Soviet governments. In a region with tens of millions of square kilometers of industrial backwardness, the Soviet government, proceeding from the overall and long-term goals, unified planning and deployment, and successfully realized the development of Siberia by drawing up several five-year plans. The first three years of the program were carried out in relative peace, and Siberia and the far East made good progress in every aspect. Three years after the implementation of the third Five-Year Plan, the second World War broke the pace of social construction in the Soviet Union, but Siberia and the far East, as the main rear areas of the war, entered a stage of rapid development. And for the Soviet Union finally won the war to make its own major contribution. At the end of the war, state policy shifted back to Europe in the west, and Siberia and the far East slowed down. Under the planning system, the state effectively concentrated manpower, material resources, and financial resources to develop Siberia. Siberia is also a beneficiary of the Soviet Union's highly centralized planning system. In the process of development, the government has also designed a new mechanism of regional production complex, which makes the development of Siberia go on smoothly and produce economic effect as soon as possible. However, the planning system also has a negative impact on the development of Siberia, giving priority to the development of heavy industry, and the development mode of one-sided pursuit of quantitative indicators also has a negative impact on the development of Siberia region. On the whole, the development of industry and agriculture in Siberia during Stalin's period changed the appearance of this region greatly, and made its status in the Soviet economy rise year by year, and it contributed more and more to the economic development of the Soviet Union. In industry, fuel power, hydraulic and mineral resources are the basis of industrialization. In agriculture, Siberia is rich in land resources, is the country in the east of a new food production base. This period is only a transition relative to later large-scale development. It is because of this period of construction, for the subsequent large-scale development to provide a strong support. Today, the integration of the world economy, this has put forward new requirements for regional development. Regional economic development must be in line with the trend of the times, but also in line with China's national conditions. Therefore, our country put forward the scientific development view of people-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable. The concept of scientific development has injected new connotation into the present regional economic development strategy. In the relation between man and nature, the principle of harmonious coexistence and sustainable development between man and nature is required. Under the guidance of the scientific development view, regional development should adjust the development thinking and change the development mode. Only by adhering to the principle of people-oriented and taking reform and innovation as the motive force can we realize the harmonious development of the society in an all-round way.
【學位授予單位】：重慶師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K512.5

【相似文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 華萊士;金仲華;;蘇聯(lián)亞洲紀行(三續(xù))[J];世界知識;1946年21期

2 卡·什列斯爾 ,吳疆;用鄂溫克民族志資料揭開法國比利牛斯山區(qū)巖畫的奧秘[J];北方文物;1992年03期

3 吳孟雪;;明清歐人對來華通道的探尋(五)[J];文史知識;1996年06期

4 Stephen Cook;李靜;;真正的回報(上)[J];英語沙龍(初級版);2005年03期

5 馮有才;;西伯利亞的溫暖[J];東西南北;2009年02期

6 十一朵;;鏡頭[J];東方養(yǎng)生;2009年03期

7 ;圖潘 西伯利亞大草原上的圖雅(哈薩克斯坦)[J];電影世界;2009年02期

8 馮有才;;西伯利亞的溫暖[J];現(xiàn)代青年(細節(jié)版);2009年11期

9 玄羽;;玄羽的詩[J];綠風;2010年05期

10 Henry Wallace;Mauris Hindus;_5do;;華，

本文編號：1895411