本文選題：16世紀(jì) + 威尼斯��； 參考：《武漢大學(xué)》2010年博士論文

【摘要】：16世紀(jì)是西歐社會(huì)由傳統(tǒng)向近代,由封建主義向資本主義過(guò)渡的時(shí)期。在這一轉(zhuǎn)型變革的背景下,與西北歐民族國(guó)家的興起不同,孕育了文藝復(fù)興輝煌文化的意大利城市,在新航路開辟和周邊民族國(guó)家接連發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)侵?jǐn)_的壓力下,紛紛走向衰落,或被滅亡或被吞并。但半島上的威尼斯共和國(guó)卻是個(gè)例外。它作為近代早期意大利地區(qū)持續(xù)時(shí)間最長(zhǎng),發(fā)展最為成功的城市共和國(guó),在16世紀(jì)克服了這些壓力所引發(fā)的社會(huì)危機(jī),維護(hù)了其自身獨(dú)立自由的地位和社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定的局面。在這一過(guò)程中,威尼斯共和國(guó)的貴族政治發(fā)揮了重要的作用,通過(guò)調(diào)整與改革,使威尼斯這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)在向近代社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型的過(guò)程中實(shí)現(xiàn)了平穩(wěn)過(guò)渡。 全文共分為四章。第一章主要論述威尼斯貴族政治的歷史和社會(huì)背景,包括威尼斯共和國(guó)的形成與早期發(fā)展,它的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況與社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu),以及威尼斯貴族政治的早期發(fā)展。第二章從“威尼斯神話”入手,在展示威尼斯共和國(guó)及其貴族政治在16世紀(jì)初鼎盛發(fā)展的同時(shí),論述其在這一時(shí)期所遇到的危機(jī)和困難,為下面兩章具體論述其貴族政治的調(diào)整與應(yīng)對(duì)提供背景。第三章從調(diào)整和解決貴族政治內(nèi)部矛盾,以及應(yīng)對(duì)威尼斯社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)這兩方面入手,展示威尼斯政治在16世紀(jì)發(fā)展完善的同時(shí),應(yīng)對(duì)威尼斯經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的方式與能力。第四章則轉(zhuǎn)到社會(huì)生活方面,考察貴族政治面對(duì)社會(huì)貧困危機(jī)時(shí)的改革措施與手段,同時(shí)具體分析其如何通過(guò)對(duì)公共空間的控制與管理,來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)秩序的穩(wěn)定與和諧。 通過(guò)對(duì)16世紀(jì)威尼斯貴族政治的研究,筆者認(rèn)為威尼斯的貴族政治在保留傳統(tǒng)的統(tǒng)治原則和政治體制的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)調(diào)整自身的統(tǒng)治方式和政策,對(duì)整個(gè)國(guó)家及其社會(huì)生活實(shí)行了有效的管理,使威尼斯共和國(guó)成功地克服了16世紀(jì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)危機(jī)給社會(huì)生活所帶來(lái)的破壞性影響。威尼斯的貴族政治體制也經(jīng)受住了這一時(shí)期共和國(guó)社會(huì)危機(jī)的考驗(yàn),并實(shí)現(xiàn)了自我的完善和發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The 16 th century was the transition period from tradition to modern times, from feudalism to capitalism. Under the background of this transformation, different from the rise of the Nation-State of Western Europe, the Italian cities, which gave birth to the brilliant culture of the Renaissance, have declined one after another under the pressure of opening up new routes and launching wars one after another by the neighboring nation-states. Or be destroyed or swallowed up. The Republic of Venice on the peninsula was an exception. As the longest and most successful city republic in the early modern Italy, it overcame the social crisis caused by these pressures in the 16th century, and maintained its independent and free status and social harmony and stability. In this process, the aristocratic politics of Venice Republic played an important role, through adjustment and reform, Venice, the traditional society in the process of transition to modern society to achieve a smooth transition. The full text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter mainly discusses the history and social background of Venice aristocratic politics, including the formation and early development of Venice republic, its economic situation and social structure, and the early development of Venice aristocratic politics. The second chapter begins with "the mythology of Venice", while showing the great development of Venice Republic and its aristocratic politics in the early 16th century, it discusses the crisis and difficulties it encountered in this period. It provides the background for the adjustment and response of aristocratic politics in the following two chapters. The third chapter starts with adjusting and resolving the internal contradictions of aristocratic politics and coping with Venice's social and economic crisis, and shows the way and ability of Venice's politics to deal with Venice's economic crisis at the same time of its development and perfection in the 16th century. The fourth chapter turns to the aspect of social life, examines the reform measures and means of aristocratic politics in the face of social poverty crisis, and analyzes in detail how to realize the stability and harmony of social order through the control and management of public space. Through the study of the aristocratic politics of Venice in the 16th century, the author thinks that the aristocratic politics of Venice, on the basis of retaining the traditional ruling principle and political system, adjusts its own ruling ways and policies. Effective management of the whole country and its social life enabled the Republic of Venice to successfully overcome the destructive effects of the economic and war crises of the 16th century on social life. The aristocratic political system of Venice withstood the test of the social crisis of the republic in this period, and realized self-perfection and development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：K546

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 李潔;文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的威尼斯貴族研究[D];四川大學(xué);2007年

，

本文編號(hào)：1876743