本文選題：英國外交政策 + 和平戰(zhàn)略��； 參考：《首都師范大學》2005年博士論文

【摘要】：本篇博士論文主要研究的是20世紀20年代的英法關系,論文共分六章。 第一章,論文詳細回顧了英法兩國外交大戰(zhàn)略形成的歷史和原因,主要從 地理政治學角度闡述英法外交政策的核心內(nèi)容。由于英國是處于歐洲大陸之外 的島國,這一地理位置決定了它的外交大戰(zhàn)略的內(nèi)容:積極向海洋擴張,經(jīng)營 自己的版圖和實力,同時對歐洲大陸采取均勢政策,防止超霸型國家出現(xiàn),威 脅英倫三島的安全和英國的優(yōu)勢地位;作為大陸國家代表的法國,則被稱為“六 角國”,四周邊境長期被曾經(jīng)強大的鄰居德國、意大利、西班牙包圍。法國邊界 走勢是開放型的,缺乏戰(zhàn)略縱深,曾長期遭受異族入侵,邊境安全問題嚴峻, 所以法國一直尋求維護本國“天然疆界”的“安全戰(zhàn)略”。 第二章,論述了第一次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后,英法傳統(tǒng)外交戰(zhàn)略在戰(zhàn)后和平安 排中繼續(xù)延續(xù)。英國對歐洲的外交戰(zhàn)略依舊是歐洲均勢,而其戰(zhàn)略背后的根本 目的是確保歐洲的和平穩(wěn)定,反對法國過分壓制德國,以便盡快使歐洲經(jīng)濟和 市場正常化,為英國經(jīng)濟的恢復和發(fā)展提供機會,這些內(nèi)容成為英國“和平戰(zhàn)略” 出臺的背景。法國的安全戰(zhàn)略是維護邊界安全,為達到此目的,它力主徹底從 政治、經(jīng)濟和軍事上壓垮德國,確立法國在歐洲大陸的霸權地位,確保自己獲 得真正的安全。由于戰(zhàn)略目標的差異,雙方在巴黎和會上進行了激烈爭斗,雖 然最終達成了妥協(xié),簽訂了《凡爾賽和約》,但雙方戰(zhàn)略沖突沒有得到根本解決, 為以后兩國在歐洲和平與重建問題上的矛盾留下隱患。 第三章,詳細闡述英國和平戰(zhàn)略是如何初步實施的。巴黎和會后,英國一 方面滿足法國在賠償問題上的部分要求,一方面為恢復歐洲經(jīng)濟而努力,但都 沒有產(chǎn)生預想的效果。1923年由于在賠款問題上僵持不下,法國聯(lián)合比利時派 兵占領魯爾。英國在危機初期對法采取協(xié)調(diào)政策,隨著危機的加深,英國感到 法國的行動有可能危及歐洲均勢和破壞歐洲經(jīng)濟的恢復步伐,遂對法國采取了 遏制政策,迫使法國走上英國構想的歐洲重建軌道。英國和平戰(zhàn)略初步實施取 得成效。法國在這一時期先是與英國采取協(xié)調(diào)政策,力圖通過協(xié)商解決賠款與 安全問題。但當英國扶德抑法意圖越來越明顯時,法國遂逐漸放棄與英國的協(xié) 作關系,派兵強行占領魯爾,這一行為造成戰(zhàn)后兩國關系的嚴重對抗。最終法 國由于國內(nèi)嚴重的財政危機,不得不放棄對英國的強硬政策,與英國再度走上 協(xié)商合作的道路。 第四章,英國和平戰(zhàn)略雖然得以實施,但是法德關于賠償問題的矛盾仍會 造成更大的沖突。1924年,在美國的支持下,英國連同歐洲相關大國締結(jié)了旨 在解決德國賠償問題,恢復德國經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定的《道威斯計劃》,該計劃也是英國力 圖維護歐洲經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定的重要措施。在出臺《道威斯計劃》的過程中,英國壓制 了法國,扶植了德國,進一步調(diào)整了歐洲的均勢并維持了和平,和平戰(zhàn)略得以
[Abstract]:This doctoral dissertation mainly deals with the Anglo French relations in 1920s. The thesis is divided into six chapters.
The first chapter reviews the history and causes of the great diplomatic strategy of Britain and France.
From the perspective of geopolitics, the core content of foreign policy of Britain and France is expounded.
The geographical position of an island nation determines the content of its diplomatic strategy: actively expanding into the ocean and operating it.
Its own territory and strength, at the same time, adopt a balance of power policy on the European continent to prevent the emergence of superpower countries.
The security of the British island and the superiority of the United Kingdom; France, as the representative of the mainland, is known as "six".
The border area has been surrounded by powerful neighbours, Germany, Italy and Spain for a long time.
The trend is open and lacks strategic depth. It has been subjected to alien invasions for a long time, and border security is grim.
So France has been seeking to safeguard its "natural boundary" security strategy.
The second chapter discusses the diplomatic strategy of Britain and France after World War I after World War II and peace.
Britain's diplomatic strategy toward Europe is still the balance of power in Europe, and the fundamental behind its strategy.
The aim is to ensure peace and stability in Europe, and oppose France's excessive suppression of Germany so as to enable the European economy as soon as possible.
The normalization of the market provides opportunities for the recovery and development of the British economy. These contents become the "peace strategy" of Britain.
The background of France's security strategy is to safeguard the border security. In order to achieve this goal, France is committed to the ultimate goal.
Germany, politically, economically and militarily, established France's hegemony in the European continent and ensured its success.
Because of the differences in strategic objectives, the two sides have fought fiercely in Paris and at the meeting.
Eventually, a compromise was reached and the Versailles peace treaty was signed, but the strategic conflict between the two sides was not fundamentally resolved.
There is a hidden danger for the two countries' conflicts on the issue of peace and reconstruction in Europe.
The third chapter elaborates on how the British peace strategy was initially implemented. After Paris and the meeting, the United Kingdom
It will meet some of the demands of France on compensation, while on the one hand it will strive to restore the European economy, but both
It did not produce the desired effect. In.1923, France was united Belgian school because of its deadlock on the indemnity issue.
The British took the policy of coordinating the law at the beginning of the crisis.
France's actions may jeopardize the balance of Europe and destroy the pace of European economic recovery.
The containment policy forced France to embark on the European reconstruction track conceived by Britain.
In the meantime, France adopted a coordinated policy with the United Kingdom, trying to resolve the indemnity through negotiation.
Security. However, when the intention of British anti German law became more and more obvious, France gradually gave up its association with Britain.
The relationship between the two countries was forced to occupy Ruhr, which resulted in a serious confrontation between the two countries after the war.
Because of the serious financial crisis in China, China has to abandon its tough policy towards Britain and move on again with Britain.
The path of consultation and cooperation.
In the fourth chapter, although the British peace strategy is implemented, the conflict between France and Germany on compensation will continue.
A greater conflict. In.1924, with the support of the United States, Britain and the European powers came to the conclusion.
The plan is also a British power to solve the German compensation problem and restore Germany's economic stability.
The plan is an important measure to maintain economic stability in Europe.
France, supporting Germany, further adjusted the balance of power in Europe and maintained peace.

【學位授予單位】：首都師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：K151

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前3條

1 鄭重;斯特萊斯曼的外交活動研究[D];吉林大學;2009年

2 閆榕;1919-1924年英國的地中海政策研究[D];蘭州大學;2012年

3 胡明嵐;試論第一次世界大戰(zhàn)后的法比軍事同盟[D];首都師范大學;2012年

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本文編號：1842999