本文選題：戰(zhàn)俘 + 國(guó)際公約��； 參考：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文

【摘要】： 戰(zhàn)俘問(wèn)題是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)體系研究中的一個(gè)重要組成部分。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)是屹今為止人類歷史上規(guī)模最大的一次戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),也是被俘率最高的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),官方正式名單上的戰(zhàn)俘數(shù)量上百萬(wàn),且尚有大約2000萬(wàn)人由于國(guó)籍、種族、宗教或勞動(dòng)力等原因被秘密囚禁。目前,學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)于二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期戰(zhàn)俘問(wèn)題的研究碩果頗豐,但主要集中在對(duì)戰(zhàn)俘遭遇的描述和對(duì)拘留國(guó)罪行的揭露上,鮮有對(duì)戰(zhàn)后幸存戰(zhàn)俘賠償問(wèn)題的研究。 本文以二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期日本虐待戰(zhàn)俘問(wèn)題研究為題,在查閱大量的歷史文獻(xiàn)和參考大量的研究成果基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)此問(wèn)題展開較為系統(tǒng)的梳理、詮釋和深思。 本文分為四部分: 第一部分:簡(jiǎn)要回顧歷史上的戰(zhàn)俘問(wèn)題及其制定的相應(yīng)法規(guī)。該章依歷史階段分為三個(gè)時(shí)期,從遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)代到十七世紀(jì)為第一時(shí)期,這一時(shí)期,戰(zhàn)俘是勝利者的私有財(cái)產(chǎn),可以任意殺害和買賣;從十七世紀(jì)到二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期為第二時(shí)期,這一時(shí)期產(chǎn)生了對(duì)待戰(zhàn)俘的人道觀念并制定了一系列法規(guī);從第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束到現(xiàn)代為第三時(shí)期,這一時(shí)期將原有法規(guī)進(jìn)一步完善,并且組建了一些監(jiān)督機(jī)構(gòu),國(guó)際法規(guī)的簽約國(guó)數(shù)目激增。 第二部分:講述二戰(zhàn)中被日本俘虜?shù)膽?zhàn)俘的生存狀況。該章以盟國(guó)戰(zhàn)俘和中國(guó)戰(zhàn)俘這兩個(gè)不同群體為研究對(duì)象,分別從轉(zhuǎn)移途中、監(jiān)獄生活和奴役狀況等方面揭示日本對(duì)戰(zhàn)俘的殘酷虐待。 第三部分:論述戰(zhàn)俘生涯對(duì)戰(zhàn)俘戰(zhàn)后生活的影響及其戰(zhàn)后日本對(duì)侵略罪行的態(tài)度和對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)受害者的賠償問(wèn)題。 第四部分:這一部分分析戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中戰(zhàn)俘遭虐待的原因及歷史教訓(xùn),呼吁彌補(bǔ)健在的二戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)俘,進(jìn)一步完善相應(yīng)國(guó)際法規(guī),建立完善的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)監(jiān)督機(jī)制以建立健康和平的國(guó)際社會(huì)。
[Abstract]:The question of prisoners of war is an important part of the study of war system. World War II was the largest war in the history of mankind and the highest rate of capture by far. The number of prisoners on the official list is millions, and about 20 million people are still on the list because of their nationality and race. Imprisoned in secret for religious or labour reasons. At present, the academic research on prisoners of war during World War II has been fruitful, but mainly focused on the description of prisoners of war and the disclosures of the crimes of the countries of detention, and there is little research on the compensation of prisoners of war surviving after the war. Based on the research on the abuse of prisoners of war in Japan during World War II, and on the basis of consulting a large number of historical documents and referring to a large number of research achievements, this paper systematically combs, interprets and ponders the problem. This paper is divided into four parts: Part I: a brief review of the issue of prisoners of war in history and the corresponding laws and regulations. The chapter is divided into three periods, from ancient times to the seventeenth century, when prisoners of war were the private property of the victors and could be killed and traded at will, and from the seventeenth century to the second period, This period gave rise to the concept of humanity in the treatment of prisoners of war and made a series of laws and regulations. From the end of the second World War to the third period of modern times, this period further improved the original laws and regulations, and set up a number of supervisory bodies. The number of signatories to international regulations has soared. The second part tells about the living conditions of prisoners of war captured by Japan in World War II. In this chapter, two different groups of allied prisoners of war and Chinese prisoners of war are taken as research objects, which reveal the cruel abuse of prisoners of war in Japan from the aspects of transfer, prison life and servitude, respectively. The third part discusses the influence of POWs' career on POWs' postwar life and Japan's attitude towards the crime of aggression and the compensation of war victims after the war. Part IV: this part analyzes the causes and historical lessons of the abuse of prisoners of war, and appeals to make up for the living prisoners of World War II, to further improve the relevant international laws and regulations, to establish a sound and peaceful international community.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：K152

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