本文選題：愛(ài)德華三世 + 經(jīng)濟(jì)政策　； 參考：《天津師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：愛(ài)德華三世是英國(guó)中世紀(jì)晚期一位重要的國(guó)王,他在位的半個(gè)世紀(jì)里英國(guó)政治、軍事、經(jīng)濟(jì)方面發(fā)生了劇烈的變動(dòng)。國(guó)王和議會(huì)制定了一系列經(jīng)濟(jì)政策,這些經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的實(shí)施推動(dòng)了本國(guó)商人勢(shì)力崛起和呢絨工業(yè)復(fù)興,它們可謂英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的兩個(gè)急先鋒,英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展方向也有所改變。本文分三個(gè)部分來(lái)研究愛(ài)德華三世的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。第一章主要論述愛(ài)德華三世統(tǒng)治時(shí)期的整體狀況,國(guó)王通過(guò)與貴族、商人保持親密信任的關(guān)系來(lái)維持國(guó)內(nèi)政治穩(wěn)定和獲取戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)資金支持,英國(guó)與佛蘭德?tīng)枴⒓铀箍颇岬拿芮猩虡I(yè)往來(lái)成為戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)根源,國(guó)王的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和外交政策,為議會(huì)控制稅收權(quán)和增強(qiáng)政治權(quán)利提供了契機(jī)。第二章主要以愛(ài)德華三世在位時(shí)期頒布的經(jīng)濟(jì)法令為切入點(diǎn),探討國(guó)王的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策,將之分為五類來(lái)研究:1.國(guó)內(nèi)商業(yè)政策;2.商人政策;3.羊毛和呢絨政策;4.貨幣政策;5.勞工政策。第三章主要分析國(guó)王經(jīng)濟(jì)政策對(duì)英國(guó)當(dāng)時(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展的影響,其中羊毛和呢絨政策是本章剖析的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容,國(guó)王支持英國(guó)本土商人壟斷羊毛出口貿(mào)易,給外國(guó)商人在英國(guó)的勢(shì)力予以打擊,本土商人的經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治實(shí)力大大增強(qiáng)。英國(guó)人開(kāi)始自主控制本國(guó)的財(cái)政金融、羊毛出口貿(mào)易和港口關(guān)稅。扶植呢絨工業(yè)發(fā)展促使英國(guó)呢絨生產(chǎn)量猛增,愛(ài)德華三世制定的羊毛出口高關(guān)稅和呢絨出口低關(guān)稅政策,在其統(tǒng)治后期促使英國(guó)羊毛出口量下降呢絨出口量上升。這一政策被后世國(guó)王沿用,最終推動(dòng)英國(guó)出口結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)變。
[Abstract]:Edward III was an important king of England in the late Middle Ages. During the half century of his reign, Britain's political, military, and economic changes took place dramatically.The king and parliament set out a series of economic policies, the implementation of which led to the rise of their businessmen and the revival of the woolen industry. They were two pioneers of Britain's economic growth, and the direction of the British economy changed.This article is divided into three parts to study the economic policy of Edward III.The first chapter mainly discusses the whole condition of Edward III's reign, the king maintains the domestic political stability and obtains the war fund support through maintaining the close trust relations with the aristocrat and the merchant, Britain and Flanders,Gasconi's close business ties became the economic root of the war, and the king's war and foreign policy provided an opportunity for parliament to control taxes and strengthen political rights.The second chapter mainly discusses the king's economic policy from the economic law issued by Edward III, and divides it into five categories to study: 1.Domestic Business Policy.The merchant policy is 3.Wool and woolen policy.Monetary policy.Labour policyThe third chapter mainly analyzes the impact of the king's economic policy on the economic development and long-term development of Britain at that time, in which wool and woolen policy are the main contents of this chapter. The king supports the British merchants to monopolize the export of wool.The economic and political strength of local businessmen was greatly enhanced by the crackdown on foreign businessmen in Britain.The British began to control their own finances, wool exports and port duties.The growth of the fedora industry led to a surge in British woolen production, and Edward III's policy of high and low tariffs on wool exports led to a decline in British woolen exports in the later years of his reign.This policy was followed by later kings, and eventually promoted the British export structure change.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K561.33

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