本文選題：卡拉姆津　切入點(diǎn)：俄國(guó)早期保守主義　出處：《蘇州科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：俄國(guó)早期保守主義思潮的產(chǎn)生,追根溯源,是其歷史遺產(chǎn)的延承與現(xiàn)代性追求二者交織的產(chǎn)物。俄國(guó)保守主義作為一種社會(huì)政治思潮系統(tǒng)成形于19世紀(jì)第一個(gè)四分之一時(shí)期內(nèi),它本身既包含有傳統(tǒng)主義的成分或要素,同時(shí)又具備有鮮明的時(shí)代印記。18世紀(jì)俄國(guó)沿著啟蒙時(shí)代的理念發(fā)展路徑,憑借國(guó)家這一革命性動(dòng)力加速推動(dòng)著俄國(guó)社會(huì)的轉(zhuǎn)型,然而,一個(gè)多世紀(jì)以來(lái)的"趕超型"發(fā)展道路所帶來(lái)的現(xiàn)代性與傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀念二者之間沖突的系統(tǒng)呈現(xiàn)和反應(yīng),在18世紀(jì)晚期已初具雛形,歷經(jīng)將啟蒙時(shí)代所宣揚(yáng)的進(jìn)步理念付諸社會(huì)實(shí)踐的法國(guó)大革命以及沙皇亞歷山大一世統(tǒng)治前期重新構(gòu)造俄國(guó)傳統(tǒng)制度和機(jī)構(gòu)"大廈"的相關(guān)政治和社會(huì)改革舉措,國(guó)際與國(guó)內(nèi)層面的"雙重挑戰(zhàn)"致使俄國(guó)保守主義思潮在19世紀(jì)第一個(gè)四分之一時(shí)期內(nèi)首次得以全面迸發(fā)。尼古拉·米哈伊爾洛維奇·卡拉姆津,作為19世紀(jì)第一個(gè)四分之一時(shí)期俄國(guó)早期保守主義者當(dāng)中的典型代表之一,不僅充分吸收啟蒙時(shí)代西方先進(jìn)思想文化成果,而且矢志一生致力于啟迪民智與助推俄國(guó)啟蒙事業(yè)的發(fā)展,在感傷主義文學(xué)創(chuàng)作和歷史學(xué)編纂方面均大有建樹(shù)。18世紀(jì)與19世紀(jì)之交,卡拉姆津先后經(jīng)歷了國(guó)內(nèi)、外發(fā)生的一系列革命與激進(jìn)改革事件,促使其轉(zhuǎn)向俄國(guó)歷史研究,以"歷史主義"的方法和態(tài)度重新思考俄國(guó)社會(huì)的現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題,于其中,對(duì)俄國(guó)傳統(tǒng)君主制的解構(gòu)成為了卡拉姆津保守主義思想的重要內(nèi)核以及其思想遺產(chǎn)的重要組成部分。另外,圍繞著俄國(guó)農(nóng)民解放這一社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)主題,卡拉姆津個(gè)人的思想呈現(xiàn)出某種自由主義色彩,他并不反對(duì)俄國(guó)農(nóng)民得以最終的解放,而且從對(duì)俄國(guó)社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)條件的認(rèn)知與親身社會(huì)實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)出發(fā),得出結(jié)論:采取逐步、漸進(jìn)的方式推動(dòng)解放事業(yè)更符合俄羅斯國(guó)家和農(nóng)民自身的共同利益。
[Abstract]:The origin of the early Russian conservatism is the intertwined of its historical heritage and the pursuit of modernity. As a social and political trend of thought, Russian conservatism was formed in the first 1/4 period in 19th century. It not only contains elements of traditionalism, but also has distinctive epoch imprint. 18th century Russia along the path of the concept of the Enlightenment era, by virtue of the revolutionary power of the country to accelerate the transformation of Russian society, however, The systematic presentation and response of the conflict between modernity and traditional values brought about by the development of "catch-up type" for more than a century has begun to take shape in the late period of 18th century. The French Revolution, which put into practice the progressive ideas preached in the Enlightenment era, and the political and social reforms related to the reconstruction of the traditional Russian system and institutional "edifice" in the early days of the reign of tsar Alexander I, The "double challenge" at the international and domestic levels led to the first full burst of Russian conservatism in the first 1/4 years in 19th century. In 19th century, as one of the typical representatives of the early Russian conservatives in the first 1/4 period, not only did they fully absorb the achievements of advanced western ideology and culture in the Enlightenment era, He was committed to enlightening the people and promoting the development of Russian enlightenment, and had great achievements in sentimental literary creation and historical compilation. At the turn of the 18th century and the 19th century, Kalamzin had experienced domestic experiences one after another. A series of revolutionary and radical reform events occurred outside the country, prompting it to turn to the study of Russian history, rethinking the realistic problems of Russian society with the method and attitude of "historicism". The deconstruction of the Russian traditional monarchy has become an important core of Kalamzin's conservative thought and an important part of its ideological heritage. Kalamzin's personal thought shows some kind of liberalism, he is not opposed to the ultimate liberation of Russian peasants, and from the cognition of the Russian social reality and personal social practice experience, he draws the conclusion: adopt step by step, A gradual approach to the cause of liberation is more in the common interest of the Russian state and farmers themselves.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K512.34
，

本文編號(hào)：1619390