本文關(guān)鍵詞： 色諾芬 《希臘史》 史學(xué) 古希臘　出處：《上海師范大學(xué)》2012年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合色諾芬的全體著作和古希臘史背景，借鑒現(xiàn)代史學(xué)理論的發(fā)展，對色諾芬《希臘史》的內(nèi)容和思想進(jìn)行了研究，闡述了他對城邦危機(jī)中希臘人困境和出路的思考；并通過對該書史學(xué)風(fēng)格的總結(jié)分析，展現(xiàn)了色諾芬與希羅多德和修昔底德歷史寫作的不同特點(diǎn)。全文除導(dǎo)言和結(jié)語外，共有五章。 導(dǎo)言部分重點(diǎn)綜述了國內(nèi)外對色諾芬的認(rèn)識和研究，對相應(yīng)的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了評論，指出了其中的成就和不足；闡明了論文的研究思路與方法。 第一章探討了色諾芬的思想背景與他的歷史探究之間的關(guān)系，并分析了色諾芬寫作《希臘史》的目的。前5世紀(jì)末到前4世紀(jì)希臘城邦危機(jī)的主要表現(xiàn)，蘇格拉底對色諾芬的影響和色諾芬的人生歷練，構(gòu)成了色諾芬的思想背景，，也深刻影響了他的《希臘史》的寫作目的——思考希臘人的困境與出路。 第二章結(jié)合希臘人對技藝的一般觀點(diǎn)和色諾芬豐富的技藝觀，探討了《希臘史》對軍事技藝的展現(xiàn)。良好的軍事技藝是希臘城邦維護(hù)獨(dú)立和正義利益的力量基礎(chǔ)，色諾芬之所以在歷史寫作中特別注重展現(xiàn)實(shí)踐中的軍事技藝，目的就是使其史著有利于啟發(fā)希臘城邦改善自身的軍事技藝。 第三章探討了《希臘史》從三個(gè)方面對城邦內(nèi)外關(guān)系的展現(xiàn)與思考。其中包括城邦內(nèi)部不同派別的斗爭及僭主式統(tǒng)治的出現(xiàn)，城邦之間霸權(quán)與反霸權(quán)的斗爭，和希臘與波斯之間的復(fù)雜關(guān)系。色諾芬通過對這三方面關(guān)系的敘述，力圖證明城邦內(nèi)外關(guān)系中存在確定的正義，并反思了當(dāng)時(shí)狂熱的泛希臘主義思潮。 第四章結(jié)合希臘神學(xué)思想背景與色諾芬的神學(xué)觀，探討了《希臘史》中對正義和神意一致性的展現(xiàn)，并指出色諾芬這樣做的目的是為城邦內(nèi)外關(guān)系中的正義建立起神明強(qiáng)有力的支持。色諾芬這樣無意宣揚(yáng)一種宿命論，而是要凸顯人在歷史困境中堅(jiān)持正義時(shí)所表現(xiàn)出來的高貴之美。 第五章對《希臘史》相比于希羅多德和修昔底德史著的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了分析，主要論述了《希臘史》敘述技巧和風(fēng)格方面的特色，并結(jié)合色諾芬的其他作品論述了歷史與救贖視角下《希臘史》的獨(dú)特魅力。 結(jié)語部分總結(jié)了色諾芬《希臘史》對希臘人困境與出路的深刻思考，并指出了其歷史的和時(shí)代的意義。
[Abstract]:On the basis of previous studies, this paper studies the content and thought of Xenophen's Greek History, based on the whole works of Xenophon and the background of ancient Greek history, and drawing on the development of modern historiography theory. This paper expounds his thoughts on the plight and outlet of the Greeks in the crisis of the city state. By summing up and analyzing the historical style of the book, it shows the different characteristics of Xenophon's historical writing with Herodotus and Thucydides. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, there are five chapters in the full text. The introduction mainly summarizes the understanding and research of Xenophen at home and abroad, reviews the corresponding viewpoints, points out the achievements and shortcomings, and clarifies the research ideas and methods of the thesis. The first chapter discusses the relationship between Xenophon's ideological background and his historical inquiry, and analyzes the purpose of Xenophon's writing the Greek History. The main manifestation of the Greek city-state crisis from the end of 5th century to 4th century. The influence of Socrates on Xenophen and his life experience constitute the ideological background of Xenophen, and also deeply influence the writing purpose of his Greek History-to think about the plight and outlet of the Greeks. The second chapter combines the general view of the Greeks on technology and Xenophen's rich view of technology. This paper discusses the display of military skills in the History of Greece. Good military skills are the power foundation of the Greek city-states to safeguard the interests of independence and justice. Xenophen paid special attention to the practical military skills in historical writing in order to enlighten the Greek city-states to improve their military skills. The third chapter discusses the display and reflection of the relationship between the city-states and the city-states from three aspects, including the struggle of different factions within the city-states and the emergence of tyrant rule, the struggle between the city-states and the anti-hegemonic power. Through the narration of these three relations, Sanofen tries to prove the existence of definite justice in the relations between the inner and outer city-states, and to reflect on the fanatical trend of pan-Hellenism at that time. Chapter 4th combines the background of Greek theology and Xenaufen's theology, and probes into the unity of justice and divinity in the History of Greece. It is pointed out that the purpose of Sanofen is to establish a strong divine support for justice in the relations between the city and the outside. Sanofen does not intend to preach a fatalism. It is to highlight the noble beauty that people show when they insist on justice in the historical predicament. Chapter 5th analyzes the characteristics of Herodotus and Thucydides compared with Herodotus and Thucydides, and mainly discusses the characteristics of the narrative techniques and styles of the History of Greece. It also discusses the unique charm of Greek History from the perspective of history and redemption in the light of Xenophon's other works. In the conclusion part, the author summarizes the profound thinking about Greek predicament and outlet in Xenophon, and points out the significance of its history and times.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K125

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