本文關鍵詞： 多達 《人生指南》 加洛林王朝 威廉 婦女　出處：《東北師范大學》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本學位論文以9世紀中葉加洛林王朝的一部貴族婦女多達所著的訓子家書《人生指南》為主要研究對象。具體說來就是:以多達的《人生指南》為中心,對其豐富內(nèi)涵和獨特特征加以細密考察;以多達這位女性的生平與塞普提曼尼亞的伯納德家族的興衰為紐帶,探究個人、家族、國家、社會之間的相互關系;從一位婦女、一個家庭、一個家族的命運觀察加洛林社會的變遷;反過來,以社會變遷來對《人生指南》的內(nèi)涵做出解說,從變動不居的社會環(huán)境來對一位婦女、一位母親的情懷加以揭示;從各種社會集團之間的政治較量、斗爭,對一個家庭、一個家族命運給出答案。重點是將這部文獻置于加洛林社會整體發(fā)展之中,來判斷、評價其所表述的內(nèi)容、訴求的社會價值和時代意義;并同其他歷史文獻相互印證,認識、揭示個人、家庭、家族命運與國家、社會、時代的關系;來展示加洛林社會中諸種矛盾、沖突和斗爭,進而尋求對西方文明早期階段整個法蘭克社會深入和真實的認識。在探究和撰寫過程中,筆者堅持歷史唯物主義史觀為理論指導;堅持存在決定意識、社會存在決定社會意識的基本原理;堅持具體問題具體分析的研究方法;力求做到個案探究與整體分析相結合,即個人、家庭、家族的命運與社會、時代的歷史運動相結合。筆者力求做到史料研讀與理論認知相結合,即回歸原始史料文獻,一切皆從史料文本出發(fā),結合社會運動歷史,來看取所研究對象的歷史價值與意義。為此本人搜集了《人生指南》、《王室法蘭克年代記》等原始史料文獻(英文、中文譯本)11種,16篇。堅持運用歷史學、文獻史料學等諸種成熟的分析方法,又借鑒詮釋學(闡釋學)、文化史、社會史、文明史,宗教學等學科的方法理論。為此筆者搜集了英文各類學術文獻70種,中文文獻30余種。全文整體結構由主體內(nèi)容和輔助內(nèi)容兩大部分組成,其中引言、正文(四章)和結語等三部分為正文的主體內(nèi)容;以文獻目錄、王朝世系、家譜圖表和后記等為輔助內(nèi)容。引言:共分三節(jié)。分別主要就選題緣起和主要研究對象做一陳述交代;對所涉及的國內(nèi)外,特別是20世紀70年代以降的西方學界的研究狀況和主要相關史料、學術研究文獻加以綜述;并對全文的研究方法和基本思路、結構框架等加以扼要說明,為正文論述的展開做一鋪墊。正文:共分四章。各章主要內(nèi)容為:第一章:共分四節(jié)。主要是從文獻學和學術史兩個視角,對《人生指南》這一文獻的版本、抄本的存續(xù)、流傳;撰寫語言、體例;篇章結構;主要內(nèi)容以及17世紀以來西方文獻學界、語言文學界、史學界對其整理、編輯和翻譯以及認識的基本脈絡和基本評價予以介紹。筆者還對當今西方學術界的各種研究論著等文獻進行了一定程度的梳理,對上個世紀下半葉以來晚近一個時期,西方學術界從女性史、社會史、教育史、政治史等各種角度和層面,對多達著述的各種探析和研究態(tài)勢加以簡要評估。第二章:共分四節(jié)。前兩節(jié)主要是結合各種歷史文獻所載史實和學術文獻中所反映的當今學界的研究成果,對8、9世紀之間的加洛林王朝與貴族、王朝統(tǒng)治與貴族政治之間的某些密切關聯(lián)特征加以梳理和認識;對塞普提曼尼亞伯納德家族與加洛林王室的淵源;伯納德的先祖功績和該家族興起過程等加以概要梳理。第三節(jié)主要是對多達本人的考察、分析。鑒于有關其本人史料極度匱乏,筆者從當時各種史料中,對多達的出身、婚姻、所受教育等狀況加以辨析,盡可能地將有血有肉有靈魂思想的多達個性面貌呈現(xiàn)出來。而在第四節(jié)中,筆者欲從為人母、為人妻的特定角色和身處孤獨、病患等特殊境況等多位角度出發(fā),來透視多達這位女性內(nèi)心之中的摯愛、憂患與哀怨,從而探究多達之所以要撰著這部著述的實際心理緣由。第三章,共分三節(jié)。本章主要是以文本分析方法,緊密結合文獻自身內(nèi)容,分別從信仰、忠誠、修身和家族觀念意識等四個維度或層面,集中地對《人生指南》這部文獻進行深度剖析。在勾勒多達所表達的“望子成龍”期冀中,辨析多達本人內(nèi)心的理想價值模式中,揣摩價值取向;在多達鼓勵其子追求完美的催促中,尋覓其所奉行的奉君之術與交友之道;從多達內(nèi)心之虔誠、華麗之筆法和喋喋不休的反復述說中,體悟維系、延續(xù)家族血脈的個體訴求;盡可能以細密分析,來展示一位獨特貴族女性的精神世界,并看取其同加洛林時代與社會總體精神狀態(tài)之間的關系。第四章,共分三節(jié)。前兩節(jié)主要展示和論及多達本人之渴望、期盼與其子威廉和其夫君伯納德之悲慘的政治下場結局之間的巨大反差;并力求在展示這些巨大反差的同時,揭示加洛林時代貴族政治的充滿私利的運行機制和極端殘酷的爭斗性質。第三節(jié)則主要以多達次子小伯納德及其子孫的命運來展示9世紀下半葉伯納德家族的復興之勢,這種復興伯納德、威廉父子及其家族悲慘境遇構成了又一種反差。同時又從史詩傳奇或英雄傳奇所體現(xiàn)的伯納德家族在后世民間詩人吟唱中的榮耀與現(xiàn)實和歷史文獻中所載伯納德家族凄惶命運之間的巨大反差。筆者在文中就上述這些反差的“歷史”給予評述,從而對以個人、家庭、家族為一方,以國家、社會和時代為另一方的加洛林時代的歷史進行互動分析。結論,共分兩個部分。一是對前述諸章節(jié)所述內(nèi)容加以歸納總結。1、《人生指南》一書無論其作者身份、性別,還是其書寫內(nèi)容、撰著體例都極具特色,是當時唯一一部由世俗女性著述的文獻,唯一一部由母親撰寫的“訓子家書”類著述。2、以多達的《人生指南》這一著述為中心,對其豐富內(nèi)涵和獨特特征加以細密考察;以多達這位女性的生平與塞普提曼尼亞的伯納德家族的興衰為紐帶,探究個人、家族、國家、社會之間的相互關系;以社會變遷來對《人生指南》的內(nèi)涵做出解說,從變動不居的社會環(huán)境來對一位婦女、一位母親的情懷加以揭示;對一個家庭、一個家族命運給出答案。3、對多達的出身、婚姻、所受教育等狀況加以辨析,盡可能地將有血有肉有靈魂思想的多達個性面貌與特征呈現(xiàn)出來。從為人母、為人妻的特定角色和身處孤獨、病患等特殊境況等多位角度出發(fā),來透視多達這位女性內(nèi)心之中的摯愛、憂患與哀怨,進而探究多達之所以要撰著這部著述的實際心理緣由。4、從信仰、忠誠兩個維度,并兼顧修身和家族觀念意識等層面,集中地對《人生指南》這部文獻的主旨和內(nèi)涵進行深度剖析。展示一位獨特貴族女性的天國人間,古今一體,信仰上帝,忠于父君的精神世界。5、從多達本人及其家族命運與社會、時代之間的三種反差,揭示9世紀法蘭克社會歷史運動的復雜性、多樣性和戲劇性。二是簡要論及筆者所獲得一些感受,其著眼點主要在史料文獻對史學研究的根本意義、研究視野的拓展與原始文本的細密分析、繼續(xù)研究的空間、中國悠久的歷史和豐厚的文獻對此研究的借鑒意義等四個方面。
[Abstract]:< > from training child life guide in this thesis in mid ninth Century Carlovingian a up to the noble women as the main research object. Specifically: to as many as "Life Guide" as the center, to detailed investigation on its rich connotation and unique characteristics; to life and as many as the Sepp women this provided the rise and fall of the Bernard family as a link, to explore personal, family, country, social relationship between; from a woman, a family, a family of social change the fate of observation of the Carolingian; in turn, the social changes to the connotation of "life" guidelines for making interpretation, from the unsettled social environment to a woman, a mother's feelings to be revealed; from the struggle between various social groups, political contest, a family, a family's destiny to answer. This paper will focus on the offer The development of the whole society, to judge and evaluate the expression of content, social value and the significance of the times demands; and with other historical documents confirm each other, reveal the individual, family, society, family and national destiny, the era of relations; to show all kinds of contradictions of the Carolingian society, conflict and struggle, and to seek in the early stages of the Western civilization of the whole society into the frank and real understanding. In the research and writing process, the author insists on historical materialism as the theoretical guidance; to decide the existence of consciousness, social existence and social consciousness determines the basic principle; research methods to analyze specific issues; and strive to do the case research method combined with the overall. Analysis of personal, family, the fate of the family and society, the historical movement combination. The author tries to do the historical study and the theory of cognitive combination, namely the return of the original historical text Xian, everything from the historical perspective of text, combined with the history of social movements, from the point of view of the object of study of historical value and significance. Therefore I collected life guide < >, < > chronicles the original Royal Frankish documents (Chinese and English, 11), 16. Insist on the use of history, literature and historical materials etc. the mature analysis method, and draws lessons from Hermeneutics (Chan Shixue), cultural history, social history, history, theory and method of religion and other disciplines. The author collected English of academic literature 70, Chinese documents more than 30. The overall structure consists of two parts, the main content and the content of the introduction of auxiliary, text (four chapters) and conclusion. The three part is the main body of the content; in the bibliography, Dynasty genealogy, genealogical chart and postscript as auxiliary content. Introduction: it is divided into three sections. The main topics were the main research object and reason make a statement Metasomatism; on the research status at home and abroad, especially in academic circles in 1970s of the West and the main historical materials, academic research literature review and research methods; the full text of the basic ideas and framework, to do a brief description, paving the way for the expansion are mainly discussed. The main body is divided into four chapters:. The main contents of each chapter are as follows: the first chapter: it is divided into four sections. Mainly from the two perspectives of literature and academic history of this literature guidebook > < version, copy the existence of spread; writing style; language structure; main contents as well as since seventeenth Century western literature circles, language in literature, historiography of the arrangement, and basic evaluation basic context editing and translation and understanding to be introduced to a certain extent. The author also analyzed the literature in the western academic circle and various research works, since the second half of the last century In a period of time, the western academic circles from the women's history, social history, education history, political history and other aspects, a brief assessment of the various analysis and research situation of up to writing. The second chapter is divided into four sections. The first two is mainly a combination of various historical documents and historical facts contained in the academic literature reflected in the current academic research results, to the 8,9 century between the Carolingian Dynasty and the nobility, to sort out and realize some closely related characteristics between the ruling dynasty and aristocratic origin; this provided the Bernard family and the Carolingian royal of the ancestors of Bernard and Sepp; merit the family to rise. The third section mainly review analysis of the investigation, as many as himself. In view of the lack of historical data from the author himself, at the time of various materials, up to the birth, marriage, education and other conditions to discrimination, as far as possible Can the soul thought as much as true to life personality aspect. In the fourth section, the author will from the mother, as a wife and a specific role in isolation, illness and other special circumstances such as a point of view, the perspective of female heart as much as love, suffering and sorrow, so as to explore the reason why up the actual writing this psychological reason works. The third chapter is divided into three sections. This chapter is mainly based on the text analysis method, combined with the literature itself, separately from the faith, loyalty, morality and family awareness of the concept of four dimensions or aspects, in-depth analysis of "life Guide > this literature focus. In the outline of up to the expression of the" 12 "period of Hebei, up to my inner ideal value mode, try to figure out the value orientation; in up to encourage the pursuit of the perfect son urged, for which they pursued in Jun The operation and the way of making friends; from as many as inner piety, gorgeous style and repeated the chatter without stop, understanding the individual demands of maintaining, continue the family line; as far as possible to the detailed analysis, to show a unique noble spiritual world of women, and the relationship between the Carolingian era and society overall mental state the fourth chapter is divided into three sections. The first two mainly deals with the show and as many as I desire, a huge contrast between the expectations of his son William and her husband Bernard's tragic fate and political ending; and at the same time show the huge contrast, revealing the aristocracy of Carolingian era full of interests and the operating mechanism of extreme cruelty the battle of nature. The third section mainly takes up the second small Bernard and the sons of destiny to show the second half of ninth Century, the Bernard family revival, the revival of Bernard William. Father and son and family misery constitute a contrast. The huge contrast between the Bernard family and the tragic fate of the hero from the epic saga or legend of the Bernard family in the later folk poets sing the glory and the reality and historical literature. The author contrasts these "history" comments in the text thus, for personal, family, family is a party, the country, the society and the times to the other side of the Carolingian era in the history of interaction analysis. The conclusion is divided into two parts. One is on the aforementioned chapters of the content to summarize.1, "Life Guide" a Book of identity, no matter the author of the sex, or the writing content, writing style is very unique, was the only works by the secular women's literature, only a mother to write a "training sub class writing letter".2, "refers to the life to as many as This works South > as the center, to detailed investigation on its rich connotation and unique characteristics; to life and up to the female Sepp Bernard family provided the rise and fall of this as a link, to explore personal, family, country, the relationship between the society; social change in connotation of "life" guidelines for the interpretation. From the unsettled social environment to a woman, a mother's feelings to be revealed; for a family, a family of destiny answers.3, up to the birth, marriage, education and other conditions to analyze as much as possible will have as many as true to life soul of ideological outlook and personality characteristics from the mother, as a wife and a specific role in isolation, illness and other special circumstances such as a point of view, the perspective of female heart as much as love, suffering and sorrow, and up to the written inquiry This works the actual psychological reason of.4, from the two dimensions of faith, loyalty, and both moral and family awareness of the concept level, in-depth analysis focus on the "Life Guide > this literature theme and connotation. Showing a unique aristocratic women in heaven on earth, and a belief in God, loyal to the body. Father you the spiritual world of.5, and his family members from as many as three kinds of life and the society, the contrast between the times, Ninth Century Frank to reveal the complexity of social historical movement, diversity and dramatic. The two is briefly discussed the author get some experience, its focus mainly on the fundamental significance of literature history research, fine development research the vision and the original text of the analysis, to study space, the four aspects of Chinese long history and abundant literature on this reference.

【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：K13

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