本文關(guān)鍵詞： 社會背景 婦女管理委員會 婦女解放 婦女館 進步 世界博覽會　出處：《華東師范大學》2007年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 為了展示哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)新大陸以來特別是工業(yè)化時期取得的成就,美國于1893年在芝加哥舉辦了哥倫布世界博覽會。面對婦女在政治、法律、經(jīng)濟、教育、宗教等領(lǐng)域取得的進步,國會授權(quán)國家委員會成立了婦女管理委員會,具體負責婦女參加博覽會事宜。 婦女管理委員會為了更好地展示女性在各個領(lǐng)域取得的成就,在許多國家和美國的各州成立了婦女管理委員會分會,收集了大量的女性作品,設立了婦女館等建筑物。通過展品和召開婦女代表大會的方式向觀眾展示自己。她們的活動反映了世紀之交美國婦女解放運動的目標、方式和面臨的問題,也是19世紀末美國社會的一個側(cè)面。因此,對女性在1893年芝加哥世界博覽會上的活動進行研究是觀察世博會的一個視角,也是對這段美國歷史的一種探索,更是研究美國婦女解放運動的重要組成部分。 本文以美國女性在1893年芝加哥世界博覽會上的活動為研究對象,在整理和分析大量第一手史料以及前人的研究基礎上,對其產(chǎn)生的社會背景、過程、意義及其對美國婦女解放運動和美國社會的影響進行研究。 本論文共分四章,另加緒論。 緒論首先敘述了本論文的研究意義,然后回顧了國內(nèi)外的研究情況,指出了這些研究已解決的和尚未解決的問題,并對本文的基本思路和結(jié)構(gòu)框架作了較為詳盡的說明。 第一章分析婦女館設立的社會背景。它的設立是美國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、社會改革運動和婦女解放運動綜合作用的結(jié)果。首先,舉辦世界博覽會需要女性財政上的支持;其次,婦女已具備了一定的組織能力和籌集社會資金的經(jīng)驗,特別是地位日益提高的中產(chǎn)階級女性,她們想通過建立婦女館來收集、展示女性成就。 第二章考察婦女館的設立和使用。本章主要研究一些女設計師、女畫家、女雕刻家等對婦女館的貢獻以及在婦女管理委員會的倡導和管理下兒童館和單身女性宿舍的建造和婦女館內(nèi)展室的分布和展品的展示。特別是在此召開的世界婦女代表大會,它使不同國家、不同種族、不同階層的婦女發(fā)出了自己的聲音,內(nèi)容涉及到婦女與政治、家庭、教育、慈善事業(yè)、社會道德、婦女自身解放等問題,這是婦女館設立的重要意義之所在,也是本文論述的重點。 第三章探討婦女館外的婦女。部分女性認為女性應該與男性在各個領(lǐng)域平等競爭,沒必要設獨立的婦女展館;婦女除自己召開代表大會外,還參加了世界宗教大會等其它會議,闡述女性的主張、擴大自己的影響;如果說男性歧視女性的話,那么黑人女性則受到雙重歧視,但她們不放棄任何展示自己、為黑人姐妹爭取利益的機會,她們通過散發(fā)小冊子、在大會和公共場合的演講來表達自己的不滿和愿望,為博覽會和婦女解放增添了新的內(nèi)容。 第四章研究婦女館的意義。婦女館展示了婦女在許多領(lǐng)域內(nèi)取得的成就,樹立了許多婦女典型,既是對400年來特別是19世紀最后50年婦女成就的一次總結(jié),也是未來婦女解放運動的一個起點,既增強了婦女的自信又擴大了社會影響,就像婦女管理委員會主席伯莎·霍諾爾·帕爾默所說,15世紀末哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲新大陸,而比這意義更大的是,政府在19世紀末發(fā)現(xiàn)了美國女性。
[Abstract]:In order to show Columbo since the discovery of the new continent especially during the period of industrialization achievements in the United States in 1893 in Chicago held the Columbo World Expo. In the face of women in politics, law, economy, education, religion has made progress in the fields, Congress authorized the National Committee established the women's Management Committee, responsible for women to participate in the Expo.
Women's Management Committee in order to better show women's achievements in various fields, in many countries and the United States established the women's branch management committee, a large collection of women's work, set up the woman "s building. Through the exhibits and held a meeting of the representatives of women to show their way to the audience. Their activities reflect the century the American women's liberation movement, and the problems faced, but also the end of the nineteenth Century American Society of one side. Therefore, the women in the 1893 Chicago World Expo is a research activity on the perspective of World Expo, but also an exploration of the history of the United States, is an important part of the research American women's liberation movement.
In this paper, American women in the 1893 World's fair in Chicago as the research object, in the collation and analysis of a large number of first-hand data and previous research on the basis of the background, process, research significance and influence of liberation movement and the American Society of American women.
This paper is divided into four chapters, plus an introduction.
The introduction first describes the research significance of this paper, then reviews the research situation at home and abroad, points out the unsolved problems that have been solved by these studies, and illustrates the basic ideas and structural framework of this paper in detail.
The first chapter social background analysis of women's Museum. It is the establishment of American economic development, the comprehensive effect of the social reform movement and women's liberation movement results. First of all, to host the World Expo women need financial support; secondly, women has a certain organization ability and social capital raising experience, especially increasing the status of the women of the middle class, they want to collect through the establishment of the center for women, show women's achievements.
The second chapter reviews the establishment and use of the women's hall. This chapter mainly studies some female designer, painter, distribution and exhibits construction and Museum galleries such as women's female sculptor contribution to women's Museum as well as in advocating and management of the management committee under the children's Museum of women and women dormitory show. Especially in the meeting of the world women's Congress, it makes different countries, different races, different classes of women issued their own voice, involving women and politics, family, education, charity, social morality, women's Liberation and other issues, this is where the significance of the establishment of the center for women, is the focus of this paper.
The third chapter discusses the women outside the Museum of women. Some women think that women should be equal competition with men in all fields, not necessary to set the independent women's hall; in addition to their own women's Congress, also participated in the World Congress of religions and others, expounds the female advocate, to expand their influence; if men of discrimination against women if so, black women are double discrimination, but they do not give up any show themselves, to fight for the interests of the black sisters by chance, they release pamphlets in the general assembly and the public speech to express their dissatisfaction and desire, adds new contents for the liberation of women and the Expo.
The fourth chapter studies the significance of women. Women's Hall shows women achieved successes in many fields, set up many typical women, both for the 400 years is a summary of nineteenth Century the last 50 years the achievements of women, a starting point is the future of the women's liberation movement, as well as enhancing women's confidence and expand the social influence, as president of the women's Management Committee Bertha Honore Palmer said at the end of fifteenth Century, Columbo discovered the new continent of America, and the significance is greater than this, the government found that women at the end of nineteenth Century.

【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：K712.44

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前1條

1 楊長云;公眾的聲音：19世紀末20世紀初美國的市民社會與公共空間[D];廈門大學;2009年

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本文編號：1453804