本文關(guān)鍵詞：理性節(jié)的理性與非理性　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 理性節(jié) 革命節(jié)日 理性 非理性 激進(jìn)主義 政教分離

【摘要】：法國(guó)大革命創(chuàng)造的節(jié)日數(shù)不勝數(shù),理性節(jié)便是其中之一。它誕生于革命最激烈的時(shí)期,是大革命政教之爭(zhēng)的頂峰。理性節(jié)推崇理性,排斥宗教,因此背負(fù)了極端無神論的罵名,也展露了鮮明的時(shí)代特色。 共和二年霧月17日(1793年11月7日)國(guó)民公會(huì)召開會(huì)議,在巴黎主教戈貝爾的帶動(dòng)下,大批教士棄職,拉開了理性崇拜的序幕。霧月20日(11月10日)在巴黎圣母院首度慶祝理性節(jié),節(jié)日中利用真人偶像宣揚(yáng)理性收效顯著。理性節(jié)慶�；顒�(dòng)隨后在法國(guó)各地展開,各激進(jìn)省份積極響應(yīng),在改造巴黎模式的同時(shí)表達(dá)了自身對(duì)理性的理解。 在各地的理性節(jié)活動(dòng)中,人們走出教堂,來到廣闊的室外空間,他們挪用傳統(tǒng)宗教節(jié)日的慶祝方式,加入狂歡哄鬧元素,大量運(yùn)用語言文字,融合各類象征符號(hào),混合理性與自由概念,通過崇拜理性女神、自由殉難者以及其他革命象征物表達(dá)對(duì)理性的獨(dú)特理解。 然而,由于埃貝爾派的激進(jìn)主義作風(fēng),加之大量革命群眾加入,理性節(jié)越來越走向不受控制,它的極端激進(jìn)作風(fēng)暴露出非理性的本質(zhì)。這種非理性源自對(duì)理性思想的曲解,源自神秘主義本性,也源自對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)社會(huì)的反抗。啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)以來的信仰缺失和反宗教情緒在理性節(jié)中達(dá)到極致。經(jīng)歷了理性節(jié)的狂亂之后,法國(guó)人漸漸找到了宗教和理性的平衡點(diǎn),走上了真正實(shí)踐政教分離的道路。 理性節(jié)反映出法國(guó)人激進(jìn)的政治文化風(fēng)格,其引發(fā)的政教問題時(shí)至今日仍受到關(guān)注。理性節(jié)全面展現(xiàn)了法蘭西民族性,具有深刻的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Among the countless festivals created by the French Revolution, the Festival of reason is one of them. It was born in the most intense period of revolution and was the pinnacle of the political and religious struggle of the Revolution. Therefore, bear the name of extreme atheism, but also show the distinctive characteristics of the times. On 17th (November 7th 1793) the Congregation of the Congregation of the Congresses of the second year of the Republic, led by Bishop Gobell of Paris, led a large number of priests to abandon their posts. On 20th (November 10th), the Mist Moon celebrated the Day of reason for the first time in Notre Dame in Paris. The festival uses human idols to proclaim that reason works well. The celebration of the festival took place throughout France, with radical provinces responding positively to the transformation of the Paris model and expressing their understanding of reason. In the rational festival activities, people come out of the church to the vast outdoor space, they misappropriate the traditional religious festival celebration, add carnival coaxing elements, a large use of language and characters. It combines all kinds of symbolic symbols, mixes the concepts of reason and freedom, and expresses the unique understanding of reason by worshipping the goddess of reason, martyrs of freedom and other revolutionary symbols. However, due to the radicalism of the Hebert faction and the participation of a large number of revolutionary masses, the Festival of reason has become more and more uncontrolled. Its extreme radical style reveals the essence of irrationality, which originates from the misinterpretation of rational thought and from the nature of mysticism. But also from the resistance to the real society. Since the Enlightenment the lack of faith and anti-religious sentiment in the Festival of reason to the extreme. After the frenzy of the Festival of reason, the French gradually found a point of balance between religion and reason. On the road of true practice of separation of church and state. The rational Festival reflects the radical political and cultural style of the French, and the problems of politics and religion caused by it are still paid close attention to today. The rational Festival shows the French nationality in an all-round way and has profound significance for reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：K565

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本文編號(hào)：1430788