本文關鍵詞：德國、日本二戰(zhàn)史觀迥異的比較研究　出處：《山西大學》2007年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 德國 日本 侵略歷史 反省態(tài)度

【摘要】： 德國和日本是當今世界上兩個令人矚目的國家。它們都走過一條冒險—失敗—崛起的相同發(fā)展道路。60多年前，兩國都走上了對外野蠻侵略的法西斯道路，成為挑起第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的元兇，并且最終都淪為戰(zhàn)敗國。戰(zhàn)后，兩國都被異國占領，又同樣在戰(zhàn)爭的廢墟上迅速崛起，實現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟騰飛并進一步向政治大國邁進。然而，在面對60多年前那段同樣罪惡的歷史時，兩國對待侵略歷史的態(tài)度卻大相徑庭。德國認真反省，坦誠謝罪，贏得了國際社會的接納與尊重；日本則肆意歪曲歷史，拒不認罪，因而遭到國際社會的強烈譴責。形成如此巨大反差的原因是多方面的。本文側(cè)重從政治環(huán)境、地緣環(huán)境、文化傳統(tǒng)等三個方面探究德、日對待侵略歷史態(tài)度迥異的深層次原因。 本文分為引言、正文、結(jié)語三部分。 引言部分：介紹了本選題的目的、意義，研究內(nèi)容、研究方法以及國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀。 正文部分：首先就德、日兩國對侵略歷史截然相反的態(tài)度進行了比較研究，進而對形成如此強烈反差的深層次原因進行了綜合分析。 第一章：德國、日本的二戰(zhàn)史觀迥然不同 主要就德、日兩國對侵略戰(zhàn)爭的認識、對戰(zhàn)爭賠償?shù)膽B(tài)度、對后人的歷史教育、對右翼勢力的抵制等四個方面進行綜合比較與歷史分析。 第2—4章為全文的重點，分別從不同角度考察分析了德、日兩國對待侵略歷史態(tài)度迥異的深層次原因。具體分述如下： 第二章：德、日兩國二戰(zhàn)史觀迥異之政治環(huán)境因素 反法西斯盟國對德國制定了徹底的改造政策，并對德國進行了較徹底的“非納粹化”運動，這是德國日后能徹底否定納粹、完全認罪的基礎；而美國對日本不完全的非軍事化以及東京審判的不徹底，導致日本右翼勢力死灰復燃，埋下了日本為侵略歷史翻案的禍根。 第三章：德、日兩國二戰(zhàn)史觀迥異之地緣環(huán)境因素 地處歐洲中心的德國，在周邊強鄰的警惕注視和不停敲打的壓力下，制定了新的地緣外交戰(zhàn)略，積極尋求周邊國家的諒解和認可；而在戰(zhàn)后遠東處于美國壓倒性霸權的國際環(huán)境下，日本仗恃美國的保護和撐腰，輕視貧弱的亞洲受害國，極大影響了對其侵略歷史的深刻反省。 第四章：德、日兩國二戰(zhàn)史觀迥異之歷史文化因素 德國的罪感文化和日本的恥感文化；信奉基督教的德國追求理性的民族意識和信奉神道教的日本深受武士道精神影響的狹隘民族意識，這兩種文化、兩種民族意識是德、日兩國對待侵略歷史態(tài)度迥異的文化根源所在。 結(jié)語：德、日兩國對侵略歷史截然不同的態(tài)度和行動，，造成了不同的后果和影響。日本只有以史為鑒，效法德國，根除一切不利于和平的言行，才能真正取信于國際社會，確保走和平發(fā)展的道路，避免悲劇重演。
[Abstract]:Germany and Japan is one of the world's two eye-catching countries. They are walking on a Road Adventure - years.60 the same development fail before the rise, foreign countries have embarked on the path of fascism as brutal aggression, provoke the culprit of the Second World War, and eventually became a defeated country. After the war the two countries are foreign occupation, and also in the ruins of the war on the rapid rise, realized rapid economic development and further towards political power. However, in the face of that 60 years ago the same evil history, their attitude to the invasion history but be quite different. The German reflect, frank apology, won the acceptance of international community and respect; Japan distorts the history, pleaded not guilty, and strongly condemned by the international community. The formation of such a huge contrast for many reasons. This article focuses on the political environment, geopolitical ring Three aspects, such as border and cultural tradition, are used to explore the deep reasons for the disparate attitude of Germany and Japan on the history of aggression.
This article is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion.
Introduction: the purpose, significance, research content, research methods and current research status at home and abroad are introduced.
The main body of the text: first of all, a comparative study of the opposite attitudes towards aggression between Germany and Japan is made, and the deep reasons for such a strong contrast are analyzed comprehensively.
Chapter one: Germany, Japan's World War II historical views are quite different
This article mainly makes a comprehensive comparison and historical analysis of four aspects: Germany, Japan's understanding of the war of aggression, the attitude of war compensation, the historical education of posterity, and the boycott of the right wing forces.
The second - 4 chapter is the key point of the full text. From different angles, the deep reasons of the different attitudes towards the history of aggression in Germany and Japan are analyzed and analyzed.
The second chapter: the different political and environmental factors in the history of World War II between Germany and Japan
Anti fascist allies made thorough reform policy for Germany, and Germany has carried out a thorough "denazification movement", which is completely denial of the Nazi German day after, complete demilitarization and confession; the incomplete of Japan and the Tokyo trial is not complete, leading to the Japanese right-wing forces a stirring among the dry bones the seeds planted in Japan, to overturn the history of aggression.
The third chapter: the geopolitical environmental factors of the different historical views of the two countries in Germany and Japan
Located in the centre of Europe in Germany, neighboring strong vigilance watching and beating on the pressure, set out a new foreign geopolitical strategy, neighboring countries actively seek understanding and approval; and in the Far East after the war in the United States overwhelming hegemony in the international environment, the protection of the United States and Japan on backing, despised the poor in Asia the victim's, has a great impact on the deeply reflect on the history of aggression.
The fourth chapter: the historical and cultural factors of the different historical views of World War II between Germany and Japan
Germany's guilt culture and Japanese culture of shame; Christian German rational pursuit of national consciousness and the worship of God of Taoism by Japanese Bushido influence narrow national consciousness, the two kinds of culture, two kinds of national consciousness is moral, cultural root two different attitudes toward the aggressive history.
Conclusion: Japanese history of aggression, different attitudes and actions result in different consequences and effects of Japan. If so, follow the example of Germany, the eradication of all is not conducive to peace and, to truly win the trust of the international community, to ensure that the road of peaceful development, to avoid the tragedy.

【學位授予單位】：山西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：K152

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