本文關(guān)鍵詞：反聯(lián)邦黨人政治思想中的混合代表制與消極自由觀　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 混合代表制 共和學(xué)派 積極自由 消極自由

【摘要】：在與聯(lián)邦黨人爭(zhēng)辯的過(guò)程中,反聯(lián)邦黨人提出了混合代表制�；旌洗碇圃噲D將既忠于選民利益又思慮長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的社會(huì)中間階層選入議會(huì),以吸取實(shí)質(zhì)代表制和實(shí)際代表制的長(zhǎng)處,避免二者的不足。混合代表制的目的在于防止議會(huì)腐化,其效力會(huì)因1787年憲法關(guān)于常備軍、征稅權(quán)的規(guī)定有所削弱,因此反聯(lián)邦黨人對(duì)1787年憲法進(jìn)行了嚴(yán)厲批駁�；旌洗碇莆┯性谝粋�(gè)人口不多、習(xí)俗相近的空間內(nèi)方能得以實(shí)施,反聯(lián)邦黨人以此作為支持小共和國(guó)的論據(jù)。 混合代表制要求更多的公民參與政治決策,共和學(xué)派據(jù)此認(rèn)為混合代表制背后的政治哲學(xué)支撐是積極自由,并將反聯(lián)邦黨人歸入共和主義譜系。伯納德·貝林、戈登·伍德和約翰·波考克分別以“權(quán)力與自由之對(duì)抗”、“古典共和主義”、“公民人文主義”指稱(chēng)自己的理論。三者對(duì)共和主義的理解不相一致,但都對(duì)既有歷史學(xué)家的主張——反聯(lián)邦黨人信奉的是以洛克為代表的消極自由觀——提出了質(zhì)疑。 共和學(xué)派對(duì)反聯(lián)邦黨人的解讀建立在固化的思維邏輯上：地產(chǎn)和獨(dú)立人格、獨(dú)立人格和積極自由因果相承。本文通過(guò)對(duì)積極自由內(nèi)涵和消極自由傳承譜系的檢視,證明獨(dú)立人格與積極自由沒(méi)有必然聯(lián)系,反聯(lián)邦黨人秉承的仍是以洛克為代表的消極自由觀,共和學(xué)派對(duì)反聯(lián)邦黨人的解讀是不成功的,混合代表制背后的政治哲學(xué)支持是消極自由。 參與民主理論以積極自由為支撐,精英民主理論以消極自由為支撐。反聯(lián)邦黨人以混合代表制維護(hù)消極自由的政治思想,對(duì)于解決當(dāng)代參與民主和精英民主之間的爭(zhēng)論有重要意義。
[Abstract]:In the course of arguing with the Federalists, the anti-federalists proposed a mixed representation system, which sought to elect into Parliament a social middle class that was loyal to the interests of its voters and considered the long term. The purpose of the mixed representation system is to prevent the parliament from corrupting, and its effect will be due to the standing army in the constitution of 1787. The rules on taxation were weakened, so the anti-federalists severely rejected the 1787 constitution. Mixed representation can only be implemented in a space where the population is small and customs are similar. The anti-federalists used it as an argument for the small republic. The mixed representation system requires more citizens to participate in the political decision-making, so the Republican school thinks that the political philosophy support behind the mixed representation system is positive freedom. And put the anti-federalists in the Republican spectrum. Bernadette Belin, Gordon Wood, and John Polcock, respectively, "the struggle between power and freedom," "classical republicanism." "Citizen Humanism" refers to his own theory. The three have different understandings of republicanism. But they question the idea that the anti-federalists believe in a negative view of liberty represented by Locke. The republicanism's interpretation of the anti-federalists is based on the fixed logic of thinking: real estate and independent personality. By examining the connotation of positive freedom and the inheritance of negative freedom, this paper proves that independent personality and positive freedom are not necessarily related. The anti-federalists still hold the negative view of freedom represented by Locke, the Republican school's interpretation of the anti-federalist is not successful, and the political philosophical support behind the mixed representation system is negative freedom. The theory of participatory democracy is supported by positive freedom, while the theory of elite democracy is supported by negative freedom. It is of great significance to resolve the dispute between contemporary participatory democracy and elite democracy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K712

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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本文編號(hào)：1392026