【摘要】：河南傳統(tǒng)游藝作為一種休閑娛樂方式,蘊(yùn)含著豐富的中原傳統(tǒng)文化,并在中原人的生活中扮演者寓教于樂的重要角色。優(yōu)越的地理環(huán)境、農(nóng)耕為主的生活方式、豐富的文化傳說是河南傳統(tǒng)游藝產(chǎn)生的土壤。其發(fā)展與中原的歷史發(fā)展一脈相承,經(jīng)歷了先秦的萌芽期、秦漢的發(fā)展期、魏晉的融合期、隋唐五代的大發(fā)展期、兩宋的鼎盛期、明清的衰落期、民國(guó)至今的轉(zhuǎn)型期。通過以說書唱戲?yàn)橹鞯目陬^文學(xué)類、與節(jié)日廟會(huì)息息相關(guān)的舞蹈類、宮廷性質(zhì)明顯的競(jìng)技類、種類繁多的游戲類、民眾普及廣的雜藝類五個(gè)方面對(duì)河南傳統(tǒng)游藝追蹤溯源,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)河南傳統(tǒng)游藝活動(dòng)帶有濃厚的農(nóng)耕文化氣息、明顯的娛神色彩、軍事戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的影子、儒家文化烙印的特點(diǎn)。時(shí)至今日,河南的傳統(tǒng)游藝與現(xiàn)代游藝相比,既有共性又有區(qū)別。其共性在于兩者都具有鮮明的時(shí)代性、社會(huì)交往功能與節(jié)日特征；其區(qū)別在于河南傳統(tǒng)游藝活動(dòng)逐步發(fā)生著變化：從娛神到娛人、從以?shī)蕵窞橹飨蛞陨虡I(yè)為主轉(zhuǎn)變。盡管河南的傳統(tǒng)游藝活動(dòng)源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng),蘊(yùn)含豐富的文化內(nèi)涵,與現(xiàn)代游藝相比具有獨(dú)特的文化傳承性。然而,隨著工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化、全球化的發(fā)展,人們思維方式、審美情趣的轉(zhuǎn)變,廣播、電視、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)等現(xiàn)代傳媒工具的普及,傳統(tǒng)游藝逐漸失去了原有的魅力和風(fēng)采,面臨著或已消失、或已發(fā)生變化的境地。筆者以投壺作為個(gè)案研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)投壺在當(dāng)今河南及其它地區(qū)具有“復(fù)蘇”的現(xiàn)象。但人們對(duì)于投壺的玩法及背后隱藏的文化內(nèi)涵卻并不十分了解,有的人將投壺視同于“套圈”,甚至有的人玩投壺是出于獵奇的心態(tài)。此外,部分學(xué)者依據(jù)投壺“復(fù)蘇”的現(xiàn)象,認(rèn)為只要對(duì)投壺的玩法、規(guī)則等加以創(chuàng)新勢(shì)必流傳下去。筆者認(rèn)為對(duì)待如投壺類的優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)游藝活動(dòng),我們不能盲目地跟風(fēng),主觀意愿地談繼承與創(chuàng)新,而是要尊重河南傳統(tǒng)游藝自身發(fā)展的規(guī)律,結(jié)合實(shí)際,尊重河南當(dāng)?shù)厝说倪x擇,有步驟有目的進(jìn)行。
[Abstract]:Henan traditional recreation, as a way of leisure and entertainment, contains rich traditional culture of Central Plains, and plays an important role in the life of Central Plains people. Superior geographical environment, farming-based lifestyle, rich cultural legends are the soil of Henan traditional recreation. Its development and the historical development of the Central Plains are in the same vein. They have experienced the budding period of the pre-Qin Dynasty, the development period of the Qin and Han dynasties, the fusion period of the Wei and Jin dynasties, the great development period of the Sui, Tang and the five dynasties, the heyday of the two Song dynasties, the declining period of the Ming and Qing dynasties, and the transition period from the Republic of China to the present. Through oral literature, which is dominated by storytelling and singing, dance closely related to festivals, temple fairs, palatial competitions, various kinds of games, and popular miscellaneous arts, we trace back to the origin of Henan's traditional entertainment in five aspects. The author found that Henan traditional recreation activities have strong flavor of farming culture, obvious amusing spirit, the shadow of military war, and the characteristics of Confucian culture imprint. To date, Henan's traditional entertainment and modern entertainment compared, both common and different. The difference lies in the gradual change of traditional entertainment activities in Henan: from entertainment to entertainment, from entertainment to commerce. Although Henan's traditional recreational activities have a long history, contain rich cultural connotations, compared with modern entertainment has a unique cultural heritage. However, with the development of industrialization, urbanization, globalization, the transformation of people's thinking mode and aesthetic taste, the popularization of modern media tools such as radio, television, Internet and so on, the traditional entertainment has gradually lost its original charm and style. A situation that has been or has disappeared or has changed. Taking the pot as a case study, the author finds that the pot has the phenomenon of "resuscitation" in Henan and other regions. However, people do not know much about the playing method and the cultural connotation hidden behind it. Some people regard the throwing pot as a "ring", and some even play it out of a curious mentality. In addition, according to the phenomenon of "recovery", some scholars believe that as long as the playing methods, rules and so on, innovation will be carried on. The author thinks that we should not blindly follow the trend and talk about inheritance and innovation, but should respect the development law of Henan traditional recreation, combine with reality, and respect the choice of local people in Henan. Do it step by step and purposefully.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：K892.29

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本文編號(hào)：2272086