【摘要】：世界文化遺產(chǎn)地極其珍貴,全人類都有責(zé)任保護(hù)其不受損害。隨著社會(huì)發(fā)展、環(huán)境變化及過(guò)度旅游開(kāi)發(fā)等因素影響,經(jīng)歷了千百年留存下來(lái)的世界文化遺產(chǎn)地(簡(jiǎn)稱遺產(chǎn)地)日益變得脆弱加之各種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的影響,使遺產(chǎn)地面臨更多的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),但各類風(fēng)險(xiǎn)中往往是自然災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)給遺產(chǎn)地帶來(lái)毀滅性或極其嚴(yán)重的損害,給遺產(chǎn)地保護(hù)工作帶來(lái)了更大的威脅與挑戰(zhàn),使人們?cè)絹?lái)越清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)到遺產(chǎn)地自然災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的重要性、必要性和緊迫性。黨中央、國(guó)務(wù)院歷來(lái)高度重視世界文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)工作,由于長(zhǎng)期過(guò)度開(kāi)發(fā)和不合理利用,遺產(chǎn)地正面臨著巨大的威脅,有的遺產(chǎn)地消亡或正逐漸受到破壞,因此,加強(qiáng)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)刻不容緩。世界文化遺產(chǎn)地是全人類共同的物質(zhì)和精神財(cái)富,極其珍貴又不可再生,具有突出的普遍價(jià)值,每處遺產(chǎn)地都承載著歷史、藝術(shù)或科學(xué)價(jià)值。保護(hù)世界文化遺產(chǎn)不受損害,主要是保護(hù)其價(jià)值不受損害,當(dāng)遺產(chǎn)地面臨自然災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)威脅時(shí),避免價(jià)值損失的發(fā)生,或者將預(yù)期發(fā)生的價(jià)值損失降低到最低水平才能使遺產(chǎn)價(jià)值盡可能加以延續(xù)。因此將風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理理論引入到世界文化遺產(chǎn)地保護(hù)與管理中,為避免文物的價(jià)值損失提供了理論依據(jù),為預(yù)防性保護(hù)提供了重要的理論與方法。本文重點(diǎn)研究遺產(chǎn)地的自然災(zāi)害類風(fēng)險(xiǎn),提出了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估各階段的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容,針對(duì)于遺產(chǎn)地的實(shí)際情況提出了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)準(zhǔn)則及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)對(duì)方法。通過(guò)本文對(duì)世界文化遺產(chǎn)地自然災(zāi)害類風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的研究,為實(shí)現(xiàn)世界文化遺產(chǎn)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理提供重要的理論和方法支撐。通過(guò)以敦煌莫高窟的為實(shí)例進(jìn)行研究,提出了莫高窟自然災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)識(shí)別、分析、評(píng)價(jià)、應(yīng)對(duì)的內(nèi)容；圍繞敦煌莫高窟風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)需求,開(kāi)展莫高窟風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析準(zhǔn)則和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)劃分方法研究,建立面向敦煌莫高窟的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分類、分級(jí)體系；綜合考慮現(xiàn)有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)處理技術(shù)手段及管理?xiàng)l件,針對(duì)莫高窟風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)報(bào)、預(yù)警、控制和突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急等不同類型風(fēng)險(xiǎn)響應(yīng)方式,開(kāi)展不同類型風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與響應(yīng)優(yōu)先級(jí)之間的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系研究,以及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)報(bào)、預(yù)警、控制和突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急等的響應(yīng)機(jī)制研究。
[Abstract]:The world's cultural heritage is so precious that all human beings have a duty to protect it from harm. With the influence of social development, environmental change and over-exploitation of tourism, the world cultural heritage sites, which have survived for thousands of years, have become increasingly fragile and affected by various risks, which make the heritage sites face more risks. However, among all kinds of risks, natural disasters often bring destructive or extremely serious damage to heritage sites, and pose greater threats and challenges to the protection of heritage sites. It makes people realize the importance, necessity and urgency of natural disaster risk management. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have always attached great importance to the protection of world cultural heritage. As a result of long-term over-exploitation and irrational utilization, heritage sites are facing a great threat, some of which are dying out or are gradually being destroyed. It is urgent to strengthen the protection of cultural heritage. World cultural heritage is the common material and spiritual wealth of all mankind. It is extremely precious and non-renewable, and has outstanding universal value. Every heritage place bears historical, artistic or scientific value. To protect the world cultural heritage from damage, mainly to protect its value from harm, and to avoid the loss of value when the site is threatened by natural disasters. Or reduce the expected loss of value to a minimum level so that the value of the heritage as long as possible. Therefore, the introduction of risk management theory into the protection and management of world cultural heritage sites provides a theoretical basis for avoiding the value loss of cultural relics and an important theory and method for preventive conservation. This paper focuses on the risk of natural disasters in heritage sites, puts forward the main research contents of each stage of risk assessment, and puts forward the risk evaluation criteria and risk response methods according to the actual situation of heritage sites. Through the research on the risk management of natural disasters in the world cultural heritage sites, this paper provides an important theoretical and methodological support for the realization of risk management of the world cultural heritage. By taking the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang as an example, the paper puts forward the contents of natural disaster risk identification, analysis, evaluation and response of the Mogao Grottoes, and focuses on the needs of the risk assessment of the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang. To study the risk analysis criteria and risk classification methods of Mogao Grottoes, to establish a risk classification and classification system for the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, to comprehensively consider the existing risk treatment techniques and management conditions, and to forecast and early warning the risk in Mogao Grottoes, and to set up a risk classification and classification system for the Mogao Grottoes. Different types of risk response methods such as control and emergency response, the corresponding relationship between different types of risk and response priority, and the response mechanism of risk forecasting, early warning, control and emergency response are studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：G122

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張鵬;李寧;;我國(guó)自然災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分級(jí)方法的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化[J];災(zāi)害學(xué);2014年02期

2 尚志海;劉希林;;自然災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題探討[J];災(zāi)害學(xué);2014年02期

3 Guangyu Zhou;Xinhua Zhao;Lei Zhang;Qing Wu;;Assessment and management of the performance risk of a pilot reclaimed water disinfection process[J];Journal of Environmental Sciences;2013年10期

4 Edwin T Brown;;Risk assessment and management in underground rock engineering——an overview[J];Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering;2012年03期

5 尹占娥;;自然災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)理論與方法研究[J];上海師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2012年01期

6 葉金玉;林廣發(fā);張明鋒;;自然災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估研究進(jìn)展[J];防災(zāi)科技學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2010年03期

7 張海波;;高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)中的自然災(zāi)害管理——以“2008年南方雪災(zāi)”為案例[J];北京行政學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2010年03期

8 史培軍;葉濤;王靜愛(ài);鄒銘;何飛;;論自然災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的綜合行政管理[J];北京師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2006年05期

9 郭躍;;自然災(zāi)害的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)特征及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理模型的探討[J];水土保持研究;2006年04期

10 黃崇福;自然災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析的基本原理[J];自然災(zāi)害學(xué)報(bào);1999年02期

，

本文編號(hào)：2193345