本文選題：傳統(tǒng)手工藝　切入點(diǎn)：蒙古族　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：馬鞍在汽車發(fā)明和廣泛使用之前,是人們生活、征戰(zhàn)、狩獵、競賽等必不可少的馬上用具。馬鞍凝聚著蒙古民族的發(fā)展歷程,它所代表的鞍馬文化更是與蒙古族的發(fā)展一脈相承。但是,隨著社會生活日益科技化,手工技術(shù)淡出人們生活,能夠熟練掌握馬鞍制作技藝的藝人越來越少了。馬鞍制作技藝研究近年來成為傳統(tǒng)手工藝和技術(shù)史研究者關(guān)注的重要領(lǐng)域。 2008年科爾沁左翼后旗申報(bào)的馬鞍制作技藝入選國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)項(xiàng)目名錄。本文在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,從考古發(fā)掘、文獻(xiàn)記載、現(xiàn)存實(shí)物等角度梳理了馬鞍發(fā)展脈絡(luò),重點(diǎn)對科爾沁左翼后旗裸馬鞍制作工藝這一項(xiàng)少數(shù)民族純手工制作技藝進(jìn)行了實(shí)地田野調(diào)查和分析。完成了對科爾沁左翼后旗馬鞍制作技藝的完整還原記錄,并進(jìn)行了可行性保護(hù)分析,還對其發(fā)展提出了建議。 論文分為五章。第一章為緒論,介紹了研究目的、研究意義、前人工作、本文擬解決的問題、研究方法和本文創(chuàng)新之處。 第二章通過對考古資料、文獻(xiàn)方面馬鞍的發(fā)掘與記載大致梳理了中國古代少數(shù)民族馬鞍的發(fā)展過程,并介紹了科爾沁的歷史及科爾沁馬鞍的特殊性和代表性。 第三章是本文的核心內(nèi)容,對筆者所調(diào)研的科爾沁左翼后旗“嘎拉達(dá)其”裸馬鞍的制作全貌作以完整的記錄。按照馬鞍制作流程的先后順序,對裸馬鞍每一部分的制作,以及制作中的所包含的技術(shù)作以全面闡述。 第四章中比較了科爾沁馬鞍、鄂爾多斯馬鞍、巴爾虎馬鞍、喀爾喀馬鞍的不同特點(diǎn),并運(yùn)用圖表方法列出了科爾沁作以后旗馬鞍與錫林郭勒蘇尼特右旗馬鞍的詳細(xì)數(shù)據(jù)。其次,對“嘎拉達(dá)其”裸馬鞍的銷售和使用狀況做了調(diào)研,包括對馬鞍的相關(guān)文化事項(xiàng),即風(fēng)俗、禁忌等做了簡要概述。 第五章為結(jié)語部分,探討了馬鞍制作技藝的特點(diǎn)和影響并對這一制作技藝的保護(hù)和發(fā)展提出了自己的建議。筆者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該從技術(shù)和文化兩個層面去考慮。 本文通過現(xiàn)場拍攝圖片、查閱文獻(xiàn)資料等方法對國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄項(xiàng)目科爾沁左翼后旗馬鞍制作技術(shù)做了全面直觀的記錄。認(rèn)為馬鞍的發(fā)展影響鞍馬文化的發(fā)展,鞍馬文化的發(fā)展與蒙古族發(fā)展相輔相成,對傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)要進(jìn)行原生態(tài)的保護(hù),民族文化則要與時俱進(jìn)。
[Abstract]:The saddle before the invention of the automobile and is widely used in people's life, war, hunting, competitions and other necessary equipment. Immediately embodies the development course of Mongolia saddle the nation, it represents the development of culture is the pommel horse and Mongolian strain. However, with the social life becomes increasingly scientific, technical manual out of people's lives. To master the saddle making skills of artists is less and less. Saddle making skills research in recent years has become an important field of traditional crafts and the history of technology researchers.
2008 Kerqinzuoyihouqi declaration of saddle making skills included in the national list of intangible cultural heritage protection project. Based on the previous research, from the archaeological excavations, literature, etc. existing physical perspective focuses on the development of the saddle, Kerqinzuoyihouqi bare saddle production technology that a minority of pure Handmade art field investigation and analysis. The completion of the Kerqinzuoyihouqi saddle making restore the integrity of records, and carries out the feasibility analysis of protection, it puts forward some suggestions on its development.
The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which introduces the purpose of the study, the significance of the study, the work of the predecessors, the problems to be solved in this paper, the method of research and the innovation of this article.
The second chapter roughly summarizes the development process of the ancient Chinese minority saddle through archaeological data and literature excavation and records, and introduces the history of Horqin and the particularity and representativeness of Horqin Ma saddle.
The third chapter is the core content of this paper is to research the Kerqinzuoyihouqi picture making the GA LADA naked saddle to complete records. In order to make the saddle making process, bare saddle of each part, and the making technology of the comprehensive exposition.
The fourth chapter of the Horqin Erdos saddle, saddle, saddle Baerhu, different characteristics of Khalkha saddle, and lists the detailed data for later in its saddle and saddle using chart method in Xilinguole Sonid. Secondly, on the GA LADA "naked saddle for sale and use of the investigation, including the relevant cultural issues the saddle is custom taboo to do a brief overview.
The fifth chapter is the epilogue. It discusses the characteristics and influence of the saddle making technology, and puts forward some suggestions for the protection and development of this technology. I think we should consider it from two aspects of technology and culture.
Through field pictures, documents and other methods of national intangible cultural heritage project production technology Kerqinzuoyihouqi saddle made a comprehensive intuitive record. That affect the development of the cultural development of saddle horse, horse culture and development of Mongolian development complement each other, to protect the original ecology of traditional technology to the nation culture is to keep pace with the times.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：K892.2

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