本文關(guān)鍵詞： 孫中山 文化思想 中國傳統(tǒng)文化 西方文化　出處：《河北大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：孫中山是近代中國歷史上的偉大人物，，他生活在一個(gè)中西文化急劇交融、碰撞的時(shí)代。帝國主義列強(qiáng)在大肆侵略和瓜分中國的同時(shí),也帶來了西方文化對(duì)中國傳統(tǒng)文化的沖擊，中國面臨一個(gè)文化選擇和重新整合的問題。因此,如何認(rèn)識(shí)和處理中西方文化的關(guān)系,是當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)面臨的一個(gè)大問題。 孫中山文化思想主要是對(duì)中國傳統(tǒng)文化、近代西方文化以及近代中國文化出路的理解與思考。孫中山一方面看到了中國傳統(tǒng)文化的成就和輝煌，比較準(zhǔn)確的把握了中國傳統(tǒng)文化在世界文化發(fā)展史上的地位；另一方面也認(rèn)識(shí)到了中國傳統(tǒng)文化的缺陷和不足，較為科學(xué)的說明了中國近代文化落伍于世界的原因。總起來說，他對(duì)中國傳統(tǒng)文化的總體評(píng)價(jià)是恰當(dāng)?shù)�、客觀的。在對(duì)中國傳統(tǒng)文化做出總體估價(jià)的基礎(chǔ)上，孫中山提出了對(duì)待中國傳統(tǒng)文化的基本態(tài)度：“能用古人而不為古人所惑，能役古人而不為古人所奴”，即對(duì)中國傳統(tǒng)文化既要繼承與借鑒，也要批判和改造。孫中山長期生活在西方，對(duì)西方文化有著直接感受和較為深入的研究。從西方的啟蒙思潮到科學(xué)技術(shù)，孫中山都看到了西方文化的先進(jìn)特性，是抱著肯定和學(xué)習(xí)的態(tài)度研讀的。孫中山不是西方文化的盲目學(xué)習(xí)者，在看到其優(yōu)點(diǎn)和長處的同時(shí)，也對(duì)弊端和缺點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了揭露和批判。孫中山認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)西方文化應(yīng)該遵循以下幾點(diǎn)原則：依據(jù)國情來借鑒與學(xué)習(xí)西方文化；選擇最先進(jìn)的文化來借鑒與學(xué)習(xí)；重視專門人才。融合中西，創(chuàng)造一種中西文化交融、互補(bǔ)的新型文化，是孫中山文化思想的基本思路。這種文化形式不同于“中體西用”或“西體中用”的文化組合。為此，交融互補(bǔ)，你中有我，我中有你的文化模式的確立，為中國未來文化的發(fā)展指明了方向。 孫中山的文化思想對(duì)后世影響頗大，是毛澤東文化思想的重要來源之一。孫中山文化思想的研究對(duì)今天的社會(huì)主義文化建設(shè)仍具有重要的當(dāng)代價(jià)值和借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Sun Zhongshan is a great figure in the history of modern China. He lives in an era when Chinese and Western cultures merge rapidly and collide. The imperialist powers are invading and carving up China at the same time. It also brings about the impact of western culture on Chinese traditional culture. China is faced with a problem of cultural choice and re-integration. Therefore, how to understand and deal with the relationship between Chinese and Western culture. It was a big problem for society at that time. Sun Zhongshan's cultural thought is mainly to understand and think about the outlet of Chinese traditional culture, modern western culture and modern Chinese culture. On the one hand, Sun Zhongshan saw the achievement and brilliance of Chinese traditional culture. Accurately grasp the status of Chinese traditional culture in the history of world culture development; On the other hand, it also recognizes the defects and shortcomings of Chinese traditional culture, and scientifically explains the reasons why Chinese modern culture is lagging behind the world. Generally speaking, his overall evaluation of Chinese traditional culture is appropriate. Objectively. On the basis of the overall evaluation of Chinese traditional culture, Sun Zhongshan put forward a basic attitude towards Chinese traditional culture: "can use the ancients without being confused by the ancients, can serve the ancients without being slaves by the ancients". Sun Zhongshan lived in the West for a long time and had a direct feeling and a deeper study of Western culture, from the enlightenment trend of thought to science and technology in the West. Sun Zhongshan has seen the advanced characteristics of western culture and studied it with the attitude of affirmation and study. Sun Zhongshan is not a blind learner of western culture, and at the same time sees its advantages and strengths. Sun Zhongshan believes that learning western culture should follow the following principles: learn from and learn from western culture according to national conditions; Choose the most advanced culture to learn from; Pay attention to the specialized talents, integrate Chinese and Western cultures, and create a new type of culture that blends Chinese and Western cultures and complements each other. It is the basic thought of Sun Zhongshan's cultural thought. This cultural form is different from the cultural combination of "the Chinese body and the west" or "the western body". For the future development of Chinese culture pointed out the direction. Sun Yat-sen 's cultural thought has a great influence on later generations. As one of the important sources of Mao Zedong's cultural thought, the study of Sun Zhongshan's cultural thought still has important contemporary value and reference significance for the socialist cultural construction today.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：G0

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