本文關(guān)鍵詞：出國(guó)經(jīng)歷與跨文化敏感度，，及沖突管理模式的關(guān)系研究　出處：《西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 海外經(jīng)歷 跨文化敏感度 矛盾沖突管理方式

【摘要】：隨著科技的進(jìn)步與社會(huì)的發(fā)展,我們生活的環(huán)境逐漸變成了“地球村”。在我們的生活,學(xué)習(xí),工作中都可能會(huì)遇到需要與外國(guó)人打交道的情況。在這樣的一個(gè)大環(huán)境下,懂得如何和有著不同文化背景的人打交道是非常重要的和必要的。因此,文化敏感度也顯得尤為重要�？缥幕舾卸仁强缥幕浑H中不可或缺的一部分。根據(jù)Guoming Chen和Starosta(2000)跨文化敏感度由以下5個(gè)因素組成：交際參與度,文化差異認(rèn)同感,交際信心,交際愉悅感,交際專(zhuān)注度。在與人交往的過(guò)程中,矛盾沖突不可避免,使用不同的方式處理對(duì)待矛盾將會(huì)產(chǎn)生不同的結(jié)果。Rahim和Bonoma(1979)將處理矛盾的方式分為以下五種：整合式,獨(dú)裁式,妥協(xié)式,屈從式,避讓式。 從1978年到2012年,超過(guò)260萬(wàn)名中國(guó)學(xué)生赴外國(guó)留學(xué)。僅2012年就有約40萬(wàn)中國(guó)學(xué)生選擇海外留學(xué)。2012到2013年度,美國(guó)共約82萬(wàn)海外留學(xué)生,中國(guó)學(xué)生占28.7%。由此可知,赴海外留學(xué)已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)大的趨勢(shì)。海外留學(xué)經(jīng)歷可以提升學(xué)生的跨文化交際能力,跨文化敏感度,從而有可能影響到他們對(duì)矛盾沖突的認(rèn)知,以及對(duì)處理矛盾沖突方式的選擇。這篇文章旨在研究海外留學(xué)經(jīng)歷,跨文化敏感度以及矛盾沖突管理方式三者之間的關(guān)系。 本文選取60名來(lái)自成都的大學(xué)生作為調(diào)查對(duì)象。他們中30人有赴美交換留學(xué)經(jīng)歷,另外30人沒(méi)有。本文將同時(shí)采用調(diào)查法和半結(jié)構(gòu)化采訪,來(lái)調(diào)查參與者的文化敏感度及矛盾沖突管理方式的選擇情況。本文采用的量具是Cuoming Chen和Starosta在2000年研發(fā)的跨文化敏感度量表及Rahim和Bonoma1979年設(shè)計(jì)的人際沖突管理模式量表。本文的主要目的是探索矛盾沖突管理方式與文化敏感度之間的關(guān)系。除此之外本文還將研究在美交流時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短與跨文化敏感度高低之間的關(guān)系；組成跨文化敏感度的5個(gè)因素間的相互關(guān)系；本文還將對(duì)比兩組被調(diào)查者的文化敏感度高低,以及對(duì)不同沖突管理方式的喜歡,來(lái)探索赴美留學(xué)經(jīng)歷對(duì)其文化敏感度和矛盾沖突管理方式選擇的影響。 本文發(fā)現(xiàn)綜合式處理方式與文化敏感度呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系,這表明文化敏感度越高的人,越傾向于使用綜合式來(lái)處理矛盾,綜合式的方式能使產(chǎn)生矛盾的雙方最終達(dá)到雙贏的目的。獨(dú)裁式和回避式與文化敏感度中交際信心、交際愉悅度以及文化差異認(rèn)同感均呈負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,與交際參與度和交際專(zhuān)注度呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系。這表明一個(gè)人在國(guó)際交往中越自信、越快樂(lè)、越尊重兩國(guó)文化差異,在處理矛盾時(shí),他將越不會(huì)采取獨(dú)裁或者回避的態(tài)度。如果一個(gè)個(gè)體在國(guó)際交往中參與度和專(zhuān)注度越高,他越傾向于采取獨(dú)裁和回避的態(tài)度來(lái)解決交際中的矛盾沖突�？缥幕舾卸扰c屈從式之間無(wú)顯性關(guān)系。 數(shù)據(jù)顯示,兩組學(xué)生的跨文化敏感度都較高。兩組學(xué)生在文化差異認(rèn)同感、交際愉悅度兩個(gè)維度的得分比在交際信心、交際參與度以及交際專(zhuān)注度的得分高。這表明被調(diào)查者在跨文化交際中對(duì)文化差異有很強(qiáng)的認(rèn)同感,同時(shí)很享受跨文化交際,但是在交際中他們應(yīng)該更加的自信和積極。在研究跨文化敏感度中5個(gè)因素之間的關(guān)系時(shí)作者發(fā)現(xiàn),文化差異認(rèn)同感與交際愉悅度這兩個(gè)因素間呈強(qiáng)烈正相關(guān)關(guān)系。這意味著一個(gè)較能接受文化差異的人在國(guó)際交往中會(huì)較快樂(lè)。同時(shí),在國(guó)際交往中,越快樂(lè)的人越傾向于接受文化差異。比較兩組學(xué)生跨文化敏感度中每個(gè)因素的分值時(shí),作者沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)顯著差異,這個(gè)結(jié)果表明出國(guó)經(jīng)歷以及在國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度對(duì)被調(diào)查者的跨文化敏感度并不一定會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響。 與屈從式、回避式及獨(dú)裁式相比,兩組學(xué)生都表現(xiàn)的更傾向于選擇綜合式和妥協(xié)式來(lái)處理矛盾沖突。將兩組學(xué)生在各個(gè)方式的分值做對(duì)比,發(fā)現(xiàn)他們?cè)诒茏屖椒绞降倪x擇上存在顯著差異,沒(méi)有出國(guó)經(jīng)歷的學(xué)生更傾向于使用避讓式。但是采訪的數(shù)據(jù)顯示在美國(guó)呆了一年和一年以上的被調(diào)查者,在回國(guó)之后,對(duì)矛盾的態(tài)度以及對(duì)矛盾沖突管理方式的選擇都有了一定的改變。他們?nèi)ッ绹?guó)之前認(rèn)為矛盾是雙方建立良好關(guān)系的障礙,而后來(lái)則認(rèn)為只要用合適的方法處理矛盾,將會(huì)有利于建立雙方良性的關(guān)系。他們也更加的傾向選擇綜合式的方法來(lái)處理矛盾沖突。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and society, our living environment has gradually become a "global village". In our life, learning, work may encounter the need to deal with the situation of foreigners. In such an environment, how to understand and have different cultural background of the people is is very important and necessary. Therefore, cultural sensitivity is also very important. Intercultural sensitivity is an indispensable part in intercultural communication. According to the Guoming Chen and Starosta (2000) intercultural sensitivity by the following 5 factors: social participation, cultural identity, social confidence, communication pleasure the sense of communicative focus. In the process of dealing with people, inevitable conflict, using different ways of treating contradictions will produce different results of.Rahim and Bonoma (1979) will deal with the contradictory way is divided into the following five A: integrated, authoritarian, compromise, yielding, avoidance.
From 1978 to 2012, more than 2 million 600 thousand Chinese students studied abroad. In 2012 there were only about 400 thousand Chinese students choose to study abroad.2012 to the year 2013, the United States a total of about 820 thousand overseas students, China students accounted for 28.7%. the study abroad has become a big trend. Overseas experience can enhance the cross culture the students' communicative competence, intercultural sensitivity, which may influence their perception of conflict, and the choice of the way of dealing with the conflicts. This article aims to study the experience of studying abroad, the relationship between intercultural sensitivity and conflict management style of the three.
This paper selected 60 college students from Chengdu as subjects. 30 of them have to exchange experiences in studying, 30 other people who were not. This paper also adopts the method of investigation and semi-structured interview, choice of management mode of cultural sensitivity and conflict to survey participants. The tools used in this paper is Cuoming Chen and Starosta in cross-cultural research 2000 sensitive interpersonal conflict management mode measurement table and Rahim and Bonoma1979 design. The main purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between conflict management style and cultural sensitivity. In addition this paper also studies the relationship between beauty exchange time and intercultural sensitivity; composition the relationship of the 5 factors of intercultural sensitivity among; this paper will also be compared between the two groups investigated the sensitivity of the culture, and the different conflict management style I like to explore the influence of the experience of studying in the United States on its cultural sensitivity and the choice of conflict management.
This paper found that the comprehensive treatment associated with culturally sensitive positive relationship, which shows that cultural sensitivity higher, more likely to deal with the contradictions in the use of a comprehensive, integrated approach enables both conflict and ultimately achieving a win-win objective. Dictatorship and avoidance and cultural sensitivity in interpersonal communication confidence. The degree of pleasure and cultural differences of identity were negatively related, and communicative participation and communication focus on the degree of positive correlation. This indicates that a person in international exchanges and confidence, more happy, more respect the cultural differences between the two countries, in dealing with the conflict, the more he not authoritarian or evasive attitude will be taken if an individual. Participation in international exchanges and the higher the degree of attention, he tends to adopt a dictatorship and evasive attitude to resolve the conflict in communication. No explicit relationship between intercultural sensitivity and submission.
Data show that two groups of students' intercultural sensitivity is high. The two groups of students in different cultural identity and communication pleasure in two dimension scores than in communicative confidence, communicative participation and communication focus of high score. This suggests that respondents have a strong sense of identity on the cultural differences in cross-cultural at the same time enjoy communication, intercultural communication, but in communication, they should be more confident and positive. The relationship between the 5 factors of cross cultural sensitivity in research the author found that cultural differences that a strong positive correlation between empathy and communicative pleasure between these two factors. This means that a can accept the cultural differences people are more happy in international exchanges. At the same time, in international exchanges, happier people are more inclined to accept the cultural differences between the two groups. Students' intercultural sensitivity in each factor score, the authors did not find There are significant differences. The results show that going abroad and the length of time studying abroad do not necessarily affect the cross-cultural sensitivity of the respondents.
And to avoid, and authoritarian compared two groups of students were more likely to choose to deal with conflict and compromise. The comprehensive comparison of two groups of students in various ways scores, they are found to have significant differences in the way of avoiding type choice, no country has the student is more likely to use avoiding type. But the interview data show that in the United States for a year and more than one year of respondents, in return, the contradiction between attitude and choice of conflict management style has changed. They went to the United States before that conflict is both to establish a good relationship and obstacles later, as long as the appropriate method to deal with conflicts, will be conducive to the establishment of the benign relationship. They are more inclined to choose an integrated approach to deal with conflicts.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G115

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