中國—沙特阿拉伯關(guān)系研究（1990-2009）
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-05 10:07
【摘要】： 中華人民共和國與沙特阿拉伯王國于1990年7月21日正式建交。在這之前,由于兩國的政治體制、社會(huì)文化、宗教信仰等各方面皆存在巨大差異,加上冷戰(zhàn)等歷史限制,沙特一直與“中華民國”(臺(tái)灣)保持外交關(guān)系,中沙建交經(jīng)歷了一段艱難曲折的歷程。 但中沙建交后,兩國的關(guān)系一直維持友好和平發(fā)展,創(chuàng)造了不同社會(huì)制度、不同信仰、不同文化傳統(tǒng)的國家間和睦相處、友好合作的典范。本文對中沙關(guān)系進(jìn)行了一次詳細(xì)的梳理和分析。 首先,兩國建交前沙特與“中華民國”(臺(tái)灣)的關(guān)系作為中沙建交的背景被提出。在概述臺(tái)沙關(guān)系后,作者認(rèn)為,臺(tái)沙間經(jīng)貿(mào)往來是雙方保持關(guān)系的主要?jiǎng)恿?也給中沙建交造成了一定的困難。在中沙建交后,這一關(guān)系也沒有停止,并仍有發(fā)展,臺(tái)灣也沒有停止利用這一關(guān)系在國際舞臺(tái)上為自己“拓展空間”的動(dòng)作。這一事實(shí)要求中國重視在與沙特發(fā)展關(guān)系時(shí)既要堅(jiān)持“一個(gè)中國”原則,更要注重合適的策略。 其次,兩國的建交是一個(gè)充滿曲折的過程,同時(shí)也展現(xiàn)了兩國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的高超智慧和嫻熟的外交技巧。利用國內(nèi)穆斯林展示中國的和平友好形象是贏得沙特對中國的好感的重要舉措,在穆斯林交往的推動(dòng)下,中沙間的經(jīng)貿(mào)、文化體育等方面的交往從無到有,兩國的民間外交最終促成了政治上的建交。中沙建交完全可以作為國際關(guān)系的典型案例進(jìn)行分析,因此,筆者利用國際關(guān)系理論中的“觀念”對外交政策的影響這一研究路徑對中沙建交進(jìn)行了較詳細(xì)的分析,指出,沙特對中國的認(rèn)識(shí)的改變主要緣自對中國國內(nèi)穆斯林的認(rèn)識(shí),在看到中國自由的宗教政策后,兩國慢慢以經(jīng)貿(mào)、體育交流為橋梁,最終達(dá)到正式建交。 第三,建交后,中沙兩國的關(guān)系因中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展得到提速,中沙間的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系已經(jīng)達(dá)到一種戰(zhàn)略高度。中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)騰飛離不開沙特石油的供應(yīng),這是兩國關(guān)系的重點(diǎn),此外,中沙間的相互投資和貿(mào)易往來也不斷上升。經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系的重要性得到兩國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的共同關(guān)注,中沙間已經(jīng)完成了最高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的互訪,而中國最高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人已三次訪問沙特。這些互訪不僅鞏固了中沙間的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系,更推動(dòng)了兩國關(guān)系的全面發(fā)展。在處理共同關(guān)心的國際問題上,兩國都表示互相理解和支持;除宗教交往外,兩國的文化、教育、科技等交流也得到長足的發(fā)展。中國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人稱贊“中沙關(guān)系目前處于歷史最好發(fā)展階段”。 中沙關(guān)系友好發(fā)展的同時(shí)也存在一些不確定的因素,比如中國對沙特的貿(mào)易逆差,臺(tái)灣與沙特的關(guān)系等;而在國際因素上則有美國在中東地區(qū)的主導(dǎo)地位,國際恐怖主義的威脅,與沙特接壤的伊拉克局勢動(dòng)蕩,隔灣相望的伊朗核問題局勢不明等。這些都可能影響未來的中沙關(guān)系。要應(yīng)對這些問題,中沙兩國必須加強(qiáng)交流和合作。
[Abstract]:The people's Republic of China and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia formally established diplomatic relations on July 21, 1990. Prior to this, Saudi Arabia had always maintained diplomatic relations with the "Republic of China" (Taiwan) because of the great differences in the political system, social culture, religious beliefs and other aspects of the two countries, coupled with historical restrictions such as the Cold War. The establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Saudi Arabia has gone through a difficult and tortuous course. However, after the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Saudi Arabia, the relations between the two countries have always maintained friendly and peaceful development, creating a model of harmonious coexistence and friendly cooperation between countries with different social systems, different faiths and different cultural traditions. In this paper, the relationship between China and Saudi Arabia is combed and analyzed in detail. First of all, the relationship between Saudi Arabia and the Republic of China (Taiwan) before the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries was put forward as the background for the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Saudi Arabia. After summarizing the relationship between Taiwan and Saudi Arabia, the author believes that the economic and trade exchanges between Taiwan and Saudi Arabia are the main driving force for the maintenance of relations between the two sides, and also cause some difficulties for the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Saudi Arabia. After the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Saudi Arabia, this relationship has not stopped, and there has still been development, and Taiwan has not stopped using this relationship to "expand space" for itself on the international stage. This fact requires China to attach importance to not only adhering to the "one China" principle and paying more attention to appropriate strategies in developing relations with Saudi Arabia. Secondly, the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries is a tortuous process, but also shows the superb wisdom and skillful diplomatic skills of the leaders of the two countries. Using domestic Muslims to display China's image of peace and friendship is an important measure to win Saudi Arabia's goodwill towards China. Driven by Muslim exchanges, the exchanges between China and Saudi Arabia in economic, trade, cultural, sports, and other aspects have grown from scratch. The folk diplomacy of the two countries finally contributed to the establishment of political diplomatic relations. The establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Saudi Arabia can be analyzed as a typical case of international relations. Therefore, the author makes a more detailed analysis of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Saudi Arabia by using the research path of the influence of "ideas" in the theory of international relations on foreign policy, and points out that The change of Saudi understanding of China is mainly due to the understanding of Muslims in China. After seeing China's free religious policy, the two countries slowly took economic, trade and sports exchanges as a bridge, and finally reached the formal establishment of diplomatic relations. Third, after the establishment of diplomatic relations, the relations between China and Saudi Arabia have been accelerated by the rapid development of China's economy, and the economic and trade relations between China and Saudi Arabia have reached a strategic height. China's economic take-off can not be separated from the supply of Saudi oil, which is the focus of relations between the two countries, in addition, mutual investment and trade between China and Saudi Arabia are also on the rise. The importance of economic relations has received common attention from the leaders of the two countries. China and Saudi Arabia have completed the exchange of visits between the top leaders, while the top leaders of China have visited Saudi Arabia three times. These visits not only consolidated the economic and trade relations between China and Saudi Arabia, but also promoted the all-round development of bilateral relations. In dealing with international issues of common concern, the two countries have expressed mutual understanding and support. In addition to religious exchanges, cultural, educational, scientific and technological exchanges between the two countries have also made great progress. Chinese leaders praised "Sino-Saudi relations are at the best stage of development in history." At the same time, there are some uncertain factors in the friendly development of Sino-Saudi relations, such as China's trade deficit with Saudi Arabia, Taiwan's relations with Saudi Arabia, and so on. In terms of international factors, there are the dominant position of the United States in the Middle East, the threat of international terrorism, the volatile situation in Iraq bordering Saudi Arabia, and the unknown situation of the Iranian nuclear issue across the bay. All these may affect the future relationship between China and Saudi Arabia. To deal with these problems, China and Saudi Arabia must strengthen exchanges and cooperation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D822.3
本文編號(hào)：2493449
[Abstract]:The people's Republic of China and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia formally established diplomatic relations on July 21, 1990. Prior to this, Saudi Arabia had always maintained diplomatic relations with the "Republic of China" (Taiwan) because of the great differences in the political system, social culture, religious beliefs and other aspects of the two countries, coupled with historical restrictions such as the Cold War. The establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Saudi Arabia has gone through a difficult and tortuous course. However, after the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Saudi Arabia, the relations between the two countries have always maintained friendly and peaceful development, creating a model of harmonious coexistence and friendly cooperation between countries with different social systems, different faiths and different cultural traditions. In this paper, the relationship between China and Saudi Arabia is combed and analyzed in detail. First of all, the relationship between Saudi Arabia and the Republic of China (Taiwan) before the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries was put forward as the background for the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Saudi Arabia. After summarizing the relationship between Taiwan and Saudi Arabia, the author believes that the economic and trade exchanges between Taiwan and Saudi Arabia are the main driving force for the maintenance of relations between the two sides, and also cause some difficulties for the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Saudi Arabia. After the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Saudi Arabia, this relationship has not stopped, and there has still been development, and Taiwan has not stopped using this relationship to "expand space" for itself on the international stage. This fact requires China to attach importance to not only adhering to the "one China" principle and paying more attention to appropriate strategies in developing relations with Saudi Arabia. Secondly, the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries is a tortuous process, but also shows the superb wisdom and skillful diplomatic skills of the leaders of the two countries. Using domestic Muslims to display China's image of peace and friendship is an important measure to win Saudi Arabia's goodwill towards China. Driven by Muslim exchanges, the exchanges between China and Saudi Arabia in economic, trade, cultural, sports, and other aspects have grown from scratch. The folk diplomacy of the two countries finally contributed to the establishment of political diplomatic relations. The establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Saudi Arabia can be analyzed as a typical case of international relations. Therefore, the author makes a more detailed analysis of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Saudi Arabia by using the research path of the influence of "ideas" in the theory of international relations on foreign policy, and points out that The change of Saudi understanding of China is mainly due to the understanding of Muslims in China. After seeing China's free religious policy, the two countries slowly took economic, trade and sports exchanges as a bridge, and finally reached the formal establishment of diplomatic relations. Third, after the establishment of diplomatic relations, the relations between China and Saudi Arabia have been accelerated by the rapid development of China's economy, and the economic and trade relations between China and Saudi Arabia have reached a strategic height. China's economic take-off can not be separated from the supply of Saudi oil, which is the focus of relations between the two countries, in addition, mutual investment and trade between China and Saudi Arabia are also on the rise. The importance of economic relations has received common attention from the leaders of the two countries. China and Saudi Arabia have completed the exchange of visits between the top leaders, while the top leaders of China have visited Saudi Arabia three times. These visits not only consolidated the economic and trade relations between China and Saudi Arabia, but also promoted the all-round development of bilateral relations. In dealing with international issues of common concern, the two countries have expressed mutual understanding and support. In addition to religious exchanges, cultural, educational, scientific and technological exchanges between the two countries have also made great progress. Chinese leaders praised "Sino-Saudi relations are at the best stage of development in history." At the same time, there are some uncertain factors in the friendly development of Sino-Saudi relations, such as China's trade deficit with Saudi Arabia, Taiwan's relations with Saudi Arabia, and so on. In terms of international factors, there are the dominant position of the United States in the Middle East, the threat of international terrorism, the volatile situation in Iraq bordering Saudi Arabia, and the unknown situation of the Iranian nuclear issue across the bay. All these may affect the future relationship between China and Saudi Arabia. To deal with these problems, China and Saudi Arabia must strengthen exchanges and cooperation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D822.3
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