利益集團(tuán)與美國中東政策
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-08 20:40
【摘要】： 本文運(yùn)用和借鑒當(dāng)代政治學(xué)理論以及歷史和國際關(guān)系研究的新理論、新方法,理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際,以美國利益集團(tuán)政治為切入點(diǎn),旨在研究和揭示美國利益集團(tuán)政治在美國外交政策的制訂和實(shí)施過程中的作用與影響。在美國中東政策的制訂和實(shí)施過程中,為實(shí)現(xiàn)各自的利益和目標(biāo),親以、親阿利益集團(tuán)通過游說與反游說活動(dòng)的各種手段對其施加影響。親以利益集團(tuán)對美國中東政策的深刻影響,親阿利益集團(tuán)竭盡全力的反游說努力,以及親伊朗游說集團(tuán)在美國的興起,凡此種種,均說明了諸多利益集團(tuán)在美國政治中的交鋒和沖突。作為游離于政府之外的一支不可低估的特殊政治力量,利益集團(tuán)在對外政策問題上日趨活躍,將使得政府與政府之間外交往來的傳統(tǒng)模式越來越受到挑戰(zhàn)。 本文注重宏觀研究與微觀分析相結(jié)合,兼顧整體研究與個(gè)案分析,綜合運(yùn)用中英文材料,力求得出科學(xué)的結(jié)論。除“前言”和“結(jié)語”外,本文共五章:第一章回顧有關(guān)美國利益集團(tuán)政治的相關(guān)理論,主要闡述利益集團(tuán)的概念、性質(zhì)、種類及其演變,同時(shí)還討論利益集團(tuán)游說方式及其在美國政治中的地位、作用和影響。第二章梳理了戰(zhàn)后美國中東外交政策的演變,討論這一時(shí)期美國在中東地區(qū)的戰(zhàn)略利益及其中東政策的發(fā)展、變化和特點(diǎn)。第三章闡明美國猶太人的起源、發(fā)展、分布和社會特征,探討美國親以利益集團(tuán)的內(nèi)線和外線利益集團(tuán)如何影響美國政治,及其影響美國中東政策的活動(dòng)方式。第四章試圖對美國阿拉伯人和親阿利益集團(tuán)的歷史、現(xiàn)狀及其政治參與情況進(jìn)行研究,分析美國阿拉伯人政治參與的困境和前景以及親伊朗游說在美國的興起,認(rèn)為親阿利益集團(tuán)的游說活動(dòng)力量較為有限。第五章旨在闡述親以、親阿利益集團(tuán)各自對美國中東政策的影響途徑與活動(dòng)效應(yīng),并從背景、社會接納度和影響力等方面進(jìn)行比較,以伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭為案例進(jìn)行分析,探討美國如何在兩股強(qiáng)大勢力的影響下制訂符合自己利益的中東政策。 “結(jié)語”部分從利益集團(tuán)與美國政治這一宏觀角度入手,對親以、親阿利益集團(tuán)進(jìn)行對比研究后,認(rèn)為利益集團(tuán)對美國中東政策的影響具有雙重性,即既有民主性的一面,也有非民主性的一面。無論是親以利益集團(tuán)還是親阿利益集團(tuán),對美國中東政策的影響都有其局限性。
[Abstract]:This paper applies and draws lessons from the new theories, methods and theories of contemporary political science and the study of history and international relations, taking American interest group politics as the starting point. The purpose of this paper is to study and reveal the role and influence of American interest group politics in the process of making and implementing American foreign policy. In the process of making and implementing American Middle East policy, pro-Israel and pro-Arab interest groups exert influence on them through various means of lobbying and anti-lobbying in order to realize their respective interests and goals. The profound impact of pro-Israeli interest groups on the Middle East policy of the United States, the all-out anti-lobbying efforts of pro-Arab interest groups, and the rise of pro-Iranian lobby groups in the United States, and all this, Both illustrate the confrontations and conflicts between many interest groups in American politics. As a special political force which can not be underestimated outside the government, interest groups are becoming more and more active in foreign policy issues, which will make the traditional mode of diplomatic exchanges between the government and the government more and more challenged. This paper focuses on the combination of macro research and micro analysis, taking into account the overall research and case analysis, and making comprehensive use of both English and Chinese materials to reach scientific conclusions. In addition to the foreword and the conclusion, there are five chapters in this paper: the first chapter reviews the relevant theories about American interest group politics, mainly expounds the concept, nature, type and evolution of interest group. It also discusses interest group lobbying and its status, role and influence in American politics. The second chapter combs the evolution of American foreign policy in the Middle East after the war, and discusses the strategic interests of the United States in the Middle East region and the development, changes and characteristics of the Middle East policy during this period. The third chapter expounds the origin, development, distribution and social characteristics of American Jews, and discusses how the inner and outside interest groups of pro-Israel interest groups in the United States influence American politics and the ways of their activities that influence American Middle East policy. Chapter four attempts to study the history, status quo and political participation of American Arabs and pro-Arab interest groups, and analyze the plight and prospects of American Arab political participation and the rise of pro-Iranian lobbying in the United States. It is believed that the power of the pro-Arab interest groups is relatively limited. The fifth chapter is to explain the influence ways and activity effects of pro-Israel and pro-Arab interest groups on American Middle East policy, and to compare them from the aspects of background, social acceptance and influence, taking the Iraq War as a case study. To explore how the United States under the influence of two powerful forces to formulate their own interests in the Middle East policy. The "conclusion" part starts from the macroscopic angle of interest group and American politics, and makes a comparative study of pro-Israel and pro-Arab interest groups, and points out that the influence of interest groups on American Middle East policy has a dual character, that is, it has a democratic side. There is also a non-democratic side. Both pro-Israeli and pro-Arab interest groups have their limitations on American Middle East policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D871.2
本文編號：2405091
[Abstract]:This paper applies and draws lessons from the new theories, methods and theories of contemporary political science and the study of history and international relations, taking American interest group politics as the starting point. The purpose of this paper is to study and reveal the role and influence of American interest group politics in the process of making and implementing American foreign policy. In the process of making and implementing American Middle East policy, pro-Israel and pro-Arab interest groups exert influence on them through various means of lobbying and anti-lobbying in order to realize their respective interests and goals. The profound impact of pro-Israeli interest groups on the Middle East policy of the United States, the all-out anti-lobbying efforts of pro-Arab interest groups, and the rise of pro-Iranian lobby groups in the United States, and all this, Both illustrate the confrontations and conflicts between many interest groups in American politics. As a special political force which can not be underestimated outside the government, interest groups are becoming more and more active in foreign policy issues, which will make the traditional mode of diplomatic exchanges between the government and the government more and more challenged. This paper focuses on the combination of macro research and micro analysis, taking into account the overall research and case analysis, and making comprehensive use of both English and Chinese materials to reach scientific conclusions. In addition to the foreword and the conclusion, there are five chapters in this paper: the first chapter reviews the relevant theories about American interest group politics, mainly expounds the concept, nature, type and evolution of interest group. It also discusses interest group lobbying and its status, role and influence in American politics. The second chapter combs the evolution of American foreign policy in the Middle East after the war, and discusses the strategic interests of the United States in the Middle East region and the development, changes and characteristics of the Middle East policy during this period. The third chapter expounds the origin, development, distribution and social characteristics of American Jews, and discusses how the inner and outside interest groups of pro-Israel interest groups in the United States influence American politics and the ways of their activities that influence American Middle East policy. Chapter four attempts to study the history, status quo and political participation of American Arabs and pro-Arab interest groups, and analyze the plight and prospects of American Arab political participation and the rise of pro-Iranian lobbying in the United States. It is believed that the power of the pro-Arab interest groups is relatively limited. The fifth chapter is to explain the influence ways and activity effects of pro-Israel and pro-Arab interest groups on American Middle East policy, and to compare them from the aspects of background, social acceptance and influence, taking the Iraq War as a case study. To explore how the United States under the influence of two powerful forces to formulate their own interests in the Middle East policy. The "conclusion" part starts from the macroscopic angle of interest group and American politics, and makes a comparative study of pro-Israel and pro-Arab interest groups, and points out that the influence of interest groups on American Middle East policy has a dual character, that is, it has a democratic side. There is also a non-democratic side. Both pro-Israeli and pro-Arab interest groups have their limitations on American Middle East policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D871.2
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 王躍蓁;美國對埃及援助及美埃關(guān)系研究（1969-1977）[D];暨南大學(xué);2012年
，本文編號：2405091
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