奧巴馬政府對越南政策調(diào)整及美越關(guān)系走勢
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-18 08:57
【摘要】：冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，從布什政府到克林頓政府再到小布什政府時期，美國對越政策經(jīng)歷了相應(yīng)的變化。總體說來,就是在對越政策上逐步緩和；經(jīng)濟合作方面逐步解鎖；安全防務(wù)和戰(zhàn)略上越發(fā)重視；軍事的聯(lián)系由零接觸到有所合作；意識形態(tài)上從未間斷向越南輸入民主、宗教自由和人權(quán)思想。奧巴馬政府在執(zhí)政之初于2009年就確定“重返亞洲”的目標，2010年以來，美國對外戰(zhàn)略的一個顯著特點是加快推進戰(zhàn)略東移，強化在亞太地區(qū)的戰(zhàn)略部署，，增強在東南亞的存在。在這個戰(zhàn)略目標下，奧巴馬政府注重同越南深入發(fā)展雙邊關(guān)系，國務(wù)卿一年內(nèi)兩次到訪越南便可見一斑。越南是美國在亞洲、在東南亞的關(guān)鍵一環(huán)，因此美國與越南的合作越發(fā)緊密。 美國認為越南將會成為在東南亞具有重要影響力的中間力量。在2011年7月美國國會研究服務(wù)局（CRS）就美越雙邊關(guān)系中美國對越南的目標描述的十分清晰。美國對越政策目標包括：發(fā)展更為和睦的雙邊關(guān)系、盡可能的把越南帶進主流國家行列、使越南為美國的貿(mào)易和投資開放市場、促進越南國內(nèi)的人權(quán)和民主的發(fā)展、平衡中國在區(qū)域內(nèi)不斷增加的影響力、保持美國在東南亞的影響力。奧巴馬政府調(diào)整其對越政策有著多方面的戰(zhàn)略考量，在其全球戰(zhàn)略的背景下，越南在美國的對外政策考量中地位越來越重要。中國崛起給美國帶來的威脅感，也是美國對越政策調(diào)整的又一關(guān)鍵因素。鑒于中越歷史上存在糾葛，美國希望利用越南來制衡中國。希拉里曾公開表示，美國若想建立一個成功的區(qū)域架構(gòu)，取決于美國同印度、新加坡、新西蘭、馬來西亞、蒙古、印度尼西亞、越南、文萊及太平洋島國開展有效的合作。而美國認為影響其與這些國家關(guān)系最復(fù)雜和最重大的因素是中國。若把奧巴馬政府重返東南亞看作是一幅巨大拼圖的話，越南絕對是這一拼圖中不可缺少的一塊。自冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后美越關(guān)系逐步深化，從最開始的尋找越戰(zhàn)失蹤人員問題一直到現(xiàn)階段各個領(lǐng)域均有發(fā)展。特別是在奧巴馬執(zhí)政時期，美國對越南可謂十分重視，兩國關(guān)系勢頭發(fā)展迅猛。兩國在政治、經(jīng)濟和軍事等領(lǐng)域不斷深化合作并產(chǎn)生積極的效果。然而與此同時，兩國的分歧仍然存在，因此，兩國未來的關(guān)系的發(fā)展仍存在一定的變數(shù)。
[Abstract]:After the Cold War, from the Bush administration to the Clinton administration to the Bush administration, the American policy toward Vietnam underwent corresponding changes. Generally speaking, it is the gradual relaxation of the policy towards Vietnam, the gradual unlocking of economic cooperation, the increasing emphasis on security and defense and strategy, the military contact from zero contact to some cooperation; Ideologically, democracy, freedom of religion, and human rights were constantly imported into Vietnam. The Obama administration set the goal of "returning to Asia" in 2009 at the beginning of its administration. Since 2010, a prominent feature of the U.S. foreign strategy has been to accelerate the strategic eastward shift, strengthen strategic deployment in the Asia-Pacific region, and strengthen its presence in Southeast Asia. Under this strategic objective, the Obama administration has focused on deepening bilateral relations with Vietnam, as evidenced by the Secretary of State's two visits to Vietnam in a year. Vietnam is a key link between the United States in Asia and Southeast Asia, so the United States and Vietnam cooperate more closely. The United States believes Vietnam will be an important intermediary in Southeast Asia. In July 2011, the Congressional Research Services Agency (CRS) provided a clear description of the U.S. goals for Vietnam in bilateral relations with Vietnam. The objectives of the United States policy towards Vietnam include: to develop more harmonious bilateral relations, to bring Viet Nam to the mainstream as far as possible, to open its markets for United States trade and investment, and to promote human rights and democratic development in Viet Nam. Balance China's growing influence in the region and maintain American influence in Southeast Asia. The Obama administration has many strategic considerations in adjusting its policy toward Vietnam, and Vietnam is becoming increasingly important in U.S. foreign policy in the context of its global strategy. The sense of threat from China's rise is another key factor in the adjustment of US policy towards Vietnam. Given the historical disputes between China and Vietnam, the US wants to use Vietnam to counterbalance China. Clinton has said publicly that a successful U.S. regional architecture depends on effective cooperation with India, Singapore, New Zealand, Malaysia, Mongolia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Brunei and Pacific Island countries. The United States believes that the most complex and significant factor affecting its relations with these countries is China. Vietnam is an indispensable piece of the Obama administration's return to Southeast Asia as a huge puzzle. Since the end of the Cold War, the relations between the United States and Vietnam have gradually deepened, from the beginning of the search for missing persons in the Vietnam War to the development of every field at the present stage. Especially during the Obama administration, the United States attached great importance to Vietnam and relations between the two countries developed rapidly. The two countries continue to deepen cooperation in the political, economic and military fields and produce positive results. At the same time, however, differences still exist between the two countries, so the future development of relations between the two countries remains uncertain.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：國際關(guān)系學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D871.2
本文編號：2339550
[Abstract]:After the Cold War, from the Bush administration to the Clinton administration to the Bush administration, the American policy toward Vietnam underwent corresponding changes. Generally speaking, it is the gradual relaxation of the policy towards Vietnam, the gradual unlocking of economic cooperation, the increasing emphasis on security and defense and strategy, the military contact from zero contact to some cooperation; Ideologically, democracy, freedom of religion, and human rights were constantly imported into Vietnam. The Obama administration set the goal of "returning to Asia" in 2009 at the beginning of its administration. Since 2010, a prominent feature of the U.S. foreign strategy has been to accelerate the strategic eastward shift, strengthen strategic deployment in the Asia-Pacific region, and strengthen its presence in Southeast Asia. Under this strategic objective, the Obama administration has focused on deepening bilateral relations with Vietnam, as evidenced by the Secretary of State's two visits to Vietnam in a year. Vietnam is a key link between the United States in Asia and Southeast Asia, so the United States and Vietnam cooperate more closely. The United States believes Vietnam will be an important intermediary in Southeast Asia. In July 2011, the Congressional Research Services Agency (CRS) provided a clear description of the U.S. goals for Vietnam in bilateral relations with Vietnam. The objectives of the United States policy towards Vietnam include: to develop more harmonious bilateral relations, to bring Viet Nam to the mainstream as far as possible, to open its markets for United States trade and investment, and to promote human rights and democratic development in Viet Nam. Balance China's growing influence in the region and maintain American influence in Southeast Asia. The Obama administration has many strategic considerations in adjusting its policy toward Vietnam, and Vietnam is becoming increasingly important in U.S. foreign policy in the context of its global strategy. The sense of threat from China's rise is another key factor in the adjustment of US policy towards Vietnam. Given the historical disputes between China and Vietnam, the US wants to use Vietnam to counterbalance China. Clinton has said publicly that a successful U.S. regional architecture depends on effective cooperation with India, Singapore, New Zealand, Malaysia, Mongolia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Brunei and Pacific Island countries. The United States believes that the most complex and significant factor affecting its relations with these countries is China. Vietnam is an indispensable piece of the Obama administration's return to Southeast Asia as a huge puzzle. Since the end of the Cold War, the relations between the United States and Vietnam have gradually deepened, from the beginning of the search for missing persons in the Vietnam War to the development of every field at the present stage. Especially during the Obama administration, the United States attached great importance to Vietnam and relations between the two countries developed rapidly. The two countries continue to deepen cooperation in the political, economic and military fields and produce positive results. At the same time, however, differences still exist between the two countries, so the future development of relations between the two countries remains uncertain.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：國際關(guān)系學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D871.2
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 林明華;新時期越南外交[J];當代亞太;2003年03期
2 林明華;越美關(guān)系發(fā)展的制約因素[J];當代亞太;2004年05期
3 朱穎;;美越雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的歷史新階段[J];當代亞太;2007年03期
4 李碧華;美國越南關(guān)系大事記(一九七五—一九九五)[J];東南亞縱橫;1995年03期
5 許梅;美越關(guān)系的發(fā)展軌跡[J];東南亞縱橫;1996年03期
6 古小松;;經(jīng)濟增長達5%為數(shù)不多的國家之一——越南2009～2010年回顧與前瞻[J];東南亞縱橫;2010年03期
7 王國平;越南外交中的大國因素[J];東南亞;2005年02期
8 成漢平;;奧巴馬政府重返東南亞的真實意圖[J];東南亞之窗;2009年03期
9 王龍虎;;2010年越南經(jīng)濟前景展望[J];東南亞之窗;2010年01期
10 王國平;;2010年越南的全方位、多元化外交[J];東南亞之窗;2011年01期
本文編號：2339550
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/shekelunwen/waijiao/2339550.html
最近更新
教材專著
