【摘要】：1997年7月1日,香港順利回歸祖國,揭開了中英關(guān)系的新篇章。1997年至今的13年中,英國更換了三位首相,暗示著中英關(guān)系在這段期間內(nèi)經(jīng)歷過的三個時期:布萊爾時期、布朗時期和卡梅倫時期。英國首相擁有組閣權(quán),不但可以任命內(nèi)閣成員和組成內(nèi)閣委員會,更可以分配決策權(quán)給各部門及其所負(fù)責(zé)的項(xiàng)目。英國首相甚至可以決定不參與對外決策,但是根據(jù)英國傳統(tǒng)首相從來都不會放棄這項(xiàng)權(quán)利。所以,首相在對外政策的制定過程是相當(dāng)有影響力,因此他/她的參與是不可或缺的。不同的首相或許主張不同的對外政策,但是政策的持續(xù)性是英國的外交傳統(tǒng)之一。在對外政策上,新工黨向來注重道德規(guī)范,而保守黨更加關(guān)注經(jīng)濟(jì)利益。1997年后,英國延續(xù)了其對香港的報告制度以及對香港600萬居民“道義上的義務(wù)”。香港主權(quán)移交回中國后,負(fù)責(zé)為香港人起居生活而制訂“安置”政策的港英政府不復(fù)存在,英國政府直接參與對港“獲益”政策的制定。另外,英國不再視香港為一個需要解決的問題,而是發(fā)展中英關(guān)系的一個新的契機(jī)。中英兩國更在香港回歸后日益建立起如同英國與美國般親密的“特殊關(guān)系”。1997年后,英國在敦促香港民主進(jìn)程上更積極尋求歐盟的合作。基于1997后香港身分發(fā)生變化,英國調(diào)整了相應(yīng)的對華及對港戰(zhàn)略;中國與香港是分開的經(jīng)濟(jì)體,也是英國亞洲戰(zhàn)略中的兩大重要基地。中國香港盡管不再是影響中英關(guān)系的重要因素但是在中英關(guān)系中仍舊保持著重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)戰(zhàn)略地位。
[Abstract]:On July 1, 1997, Hong Kong successfully returned to the motherland, opening a new chapter in Sino-British relations. In the 13 years since 1997, Britain has changed three prime ministers, suggesting three periods that Sino-British relations have experienced during this period: the Blair period. Brown and Cameron. The British Prime Minister has the power to form a cabinet, not only to appoint cabinet members and form a cabinet committee, but also to allocate decision-making power to various departments and the projects for which they are responsible. The British prime minister may even decide not to take part in foreign policy-making, but under British tradition he will never give up that right. Therefore, the Prime Minister is very influential in the process of foreign policy making, so his or her participation is indispensable. Different prime ministers may advocate different foreign policy, but the persistence of policy is one of Britain's diplomatic traditions. In foreign policy, New Labour has always focused on ethics, while the Conservatives have focused more on economic interests. After 1997, Britain renewed its reporting system for Hong Kong and its "moral obligation" to 6 million Hong Kong residents. After the handover of Hong Kong's sovereignty to China, the British Hong Kong Government, which is responsible for formulating a "rehousing" policy for the livelihood of Hong Kong people, no longer exists. The British Government is directly involved in the formulation of the "benefit" policy for Hong Kong. In addition, Britain no longer sees Hong Kong as a problem to be solved, but a new opportunity for the development of Sino-British relations. China and Britain have increasingly established "special ties" as close as Britain and the United States since Hong Kong's return to China. After 1997, Britain sought more active cooperation from the European Union in urging democracy in Hong Kong. Based on the changes in Hong Kong's identity after 1997, Britain adjusted its strategy towards China and Hong Kong. China and Hong Kong are separate economies and two important bases of British Asian strategy. Hong Kong, China, is no longer an important factor in Sino-British relations, but it still maintains an important economic strategic position in Sino-British relations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D822.356.1;D676.58

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