【摘要】：北約的戰(zhàn)略調(diào)整脫胎于美蘇爭霸、冷戰(zhàn)對峙時代的結(jié)束。從20世紀90年初開始,在其發(fā)展的二十年間,北約以一種甚為積極的姿態(tài)活躍在風(fēng)云變幻的國際舞臺上。自冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后,北約在美國的主導(dǎo)下,全面調(diào)整其對外安全戰(zhàn)略與職能,從1991年的羅馬會議到1999年的華盛頓會議,再到2010年的里斯本會議,歷經(jīng)三次的戰(zhàn)略調(diào)整,竭力擴充并增加其影響力,逐步實現(xiàn)從歐洲化到全球化的戰(zhàn)略擴張。北約的擴張并不僅僅是防御范圍的擴大,更重要的是,在隨著集體防御范圍擴大的同時向第三世界國家等國家推廣西方文化的民主價值觀,并以這種理念為其東擴和軍事干涉尋找理論支撐。 俄羅斯作為蘇聯(lián)帝國的最大繼承體,無論是從地緣政治還是文化與歷史上,都無法隔斷與歐洲的千絲萬縷的聯(lián)系,北約的一舉一動都會牽動俄羅斯這頭“北極熊”的敏感神經(jīng)。影響是無法避免的,但俄羅斯更應(yīng)該做的是如何調(diào)整自身去消除這種影響,是避其鋒芒還是迎著風(fēng)浪主動靠上去,這都是新一代俄羅斯領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人必須經(jīng)過深思熟慮之后面對的。 從冷戰(zhàn)后初期的“一邊倒”,到90年代中后期的“針鋒相對”,再到新世紀的“務(wù)實靈活”,在與北約痛并快樂的糾纏了二十年、以及不斷的摸索之后,俄羅斯學(xué)會了如何以一種更為實際的方式去與對手較量來保存和壯大自己,這也注定了俄羅斯要繼續(xù)與北約這個老冤家糾纏下去。
[Abstract]:NATO's strategic adjustment was born out of US-Soviet hegemony and the end of cold-war confrontation. From the beginning of the 20th century, in the 20 years of its development, NATO was active on the changing international stage with a very positive attitude. Since the end of the cold war, under the leadership of the United States, NATO has comprehensively adjusted its foreign security strategy and functions. From the Rome Conference in 1991 to the Washington Conference in 1999 and to the Lisbon Conference in 2010, NATO has undergone three strategic adjustments. Strive to expand and increase its influence and gradually realize the strategic expansion from Europeanization to globalization. NATO's expansion is not just an expansion of the scope of defense. More importantly, as the scope of collective defense expands, it promotes the democratic values of Western culture to third world countries and other countries. And to this concept for its eastward expansion and military intervention to find theoretical support. Russia, as the largest successor of the Soviet empire, can not separate its ties with Europe in geopolitics, culture and history, and NATO's every move will affect the sensitive nerve of Russia's polar bear. The impact is inevitable, but what Russia should do more is to adjust itself to eliminate it, to avoid its edge or to take the initiative, which the new generation of Russian leaders must face after careful consideration. From the "one-sided" period in the early post-cold war period to the "tit-for-tat" confrontation in the middle and late 1990s, and to the "pragmatic flexibility" of the new century, after two decades of painful and happy entanglement with NATO, and constant groping, Russia has learned how to fight its opponents in a more practical way to preserve and strengthen itself, and it is destined to continue to struggle with NATO's old foes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D814.1;D851.2

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